Upper Gi

Front 1

Diarrhea

Back 1

Most common complaint in regards to GI tract

Front 2

Diarrhea

Back 2

Clinical manifestation of altered GI function in digestion, absorption or secretion

Front 3

Diarrhea

Back 3

Excessive loss of fluid and electrolytes

Front 4

Diarrhea

Back 4

Abdominal pain, profuse watery diarrhea, loss of electrolytes

Front 5

Diarrhea

Back 5

>3 times/24 hours, watery stool

Front 6

Rotavirus

Back 6

Most common cause of diarrhea

Front 7

Acute Diarrhea

Back 7

Sudden onset of excessively loosely/watery stools which lasts <14 days

Front 8

Chronic Diarrhea

Back 8

>14 days

Front 9

Chronic Diarrhea

Back 9

Non-infectious in origin, lactose intolerance, celiac, malabsorption

Front 10

Persistent Diarrhea

Back 10

>14 days, infectious origin, continuation of acute diarrhea that wasn't treated

Front 11

Viral Diarrhea

Back 11

Self-limited 3-5 days

Front 12

Viral Diarrhea

Back 12

Non-bloody, vomiting, watery

Front 13

Viral Diarrhea

Back 13

URTI associated, activity not altered, erythematous perianal areas

Front 14

E. coli

Back 14

Most common cause of bacterial diarrhea

Front 15

Parasitic Diarrhea

Back 15

Will not cause dehydration with mucoid stool

Front 16

Non-inflammatory Diarrhea

Back 16

Enterotoxin production, translocation, destruction of villys and adherence of parasites

Front 17

Inflammatory Diarrhea

Back 17

Direct invasion of bacteria in the intestine or produce cytotoxin with fluid, protein and cells

Front 18

Toxigenic Diarrhea

Back 18

Caused by enterotoxin of V cholera

Front 19

Rotavirus

Back 19

With fever, non-stop vomiting and non-stop diarrhea with normal CBC, Fecalysis amd urinalysis

Front 20

Cholera

Back 20

Continuous profuse rice watery diarrhea even without urge to defecate

Front 21

Viral or secretory

Back 21

Acute diarrhea but there is jo bloody stool with minimal to no mucus, profuse/copious and watery

Front 22

Lactose intolerance

Back 22

Acute diarrhea, no blood or mucus, explosive

Front 23

<24 months

Back 23

500 ml/day ORS

Front 24

2-10 yrs old

Back 24

1000 ml/day ORS

Front 25

>10 years

Back 25

200 ml/day ORS

Front 26

Tetracycline

Back 26

Cholera Antibiotic of Choice

Front 27

Ciprofloxacin

Back 27

Shigella Dysentery Antibiotic of Choice

Front 28

Metronizadole

Back 28

Amoebiasis Antiobiotic of Choice

Front 29

Metronidazole

Back 29

Giardiasis Antibiotic of Choice

Front 30

None

Back 30

Salmonella typhoid Antibiotic of Choice

Front 31

Vitamin A Deficiency

Back 31

Photophobia, Bitot's spot, keratomalacia, dry skin, hyperkeratosis pilarisa

Front 32

50,000 IU

Back 32

<6 months Vitamin A

Front 33

100,000 IU

Back 33

6-12 months Vitamin A

Front 34

200,000 IU

Back 34

1-5 years old Vitamin A

Front 35

Zinc Supplementation

Back 35

Reduced duration, reduced severity of diarrhea, increase use of ORS and reduction of inappropriate antibiotics

Front 36

10 mg/day PO for 10-14 days

Back 36

<6 months Zinc

Front 37

20 mg/day PO for 10-14 days

Back 37

6 months-2years Zinc

Front 38

Anorexia

Back 38

Prolonged lack of appetite

Front 39

Dysphagia

Back 39

Difficulty in swallowing

Front 40

Odynophagia

Back 40

Painful swallowing

Front 41

Regurgitation

Back 41

Effortless movement of stomach contents into the esophagus and mouth; manifests as drooling

Front 42

Vomiting

Back 42

Forceful expulsion of previously ingested material

Front 43

Visceral Pain

Back 43

Tends to be dull and aching and is experienced in the dermatome which affected organ receives innervations

Front 44

Somatic Pain

Back 44

Intense and is usually well localized

Front 45

Referred pain

Back 45

From extraintestinal locations

Front 46

Hematemesis

Back 46

When exposed to gastric acid or intestinal juices, blood quickly darkens to resemble coffee grounds

Front 47

Melena

Back 47

Black tarry stool or coffee ground stool

Front 48

Hematochezia

Back 48

Fresh blood in the stool

Front 49

Hematochezia

Back 49

Red or msroom stool due to close proximity of the lower GI to rectum

Front 50

Jaundice

Back 50

Yellow discoloration of the patient

Front 51

Infection

Back 51

Most common condition that affects suck and swallow

Front 52

Simple sucking

Back 52

12 week gestation

Front 53

Nutritional sucking

Back 53

34 weeks gestation

Front 54

Cleft Lip

Back 54

Hypoplasia of mesenchymal layer

Front 55

Cleft Lip

Back 55

Failure of medial nasal and maxillary process to join

Front 56

Cleft Lip

Back 56

Associated with cranial facial anomalies

Front 57

Cleft Palate

Back 57

Associated with CNS anomalies

Front 58

Cleft Lip

Back 58

Feeding is the immediate problem

Front 59

Cleft Lip

Back 59

Not an emergency, can be corrected in 2-3 months

Front 60

Cleft Palate

Back 60

Corrected usually at >10 mos

Front 61

Cleft Lip

Back 61

(-) intraoral pressure

Front 62

Cleft palate

Back 62

Uvula bifid

Front 63

Cleft Palate

Back 63

Failure of palatal shelves to approximate or fuse

Front 64

Ankyloglossia

Back 64

Pereistence of tissue connecting the mouth and dorsal tongue to the persistence of frenulum

Front 65

Anencephaly

Back 65

Common in pregnant women with polyhydramnios

Front 66

Anencephaly

Back 66

Head > chest circumference

Front 67

Anencephaly

Back 67

Absence of brain tissue

Front 68

8-10 cm

Back 68

Normal length of esophagus

Front 69

Cricopharyngeal Constriction

Back 69

Narrowest constriction of Esophagus

Front 70

Cricopharyneal achalasia

Back 70

Incomplete relaxation of UES

Front 71

LE achalasia

Back 71

Loss of LE relaxation; bird's peak signs

Front 72

Achalasia

Back 72

Regurgitation and dysphagia for solid and liquid

Front 73

Esophageal Atresia & Tracheoesophageal Fistula

Back 73

Most common congenital anomaly in esophagus

Front 74

Esophageal atresia

Back 74

VACTERL syndrome

Front 75

Esophageal atresia

Back 75

Frothing and bubbling at the mouth and nose, coughing, cyanosis, cholong/excessive oral secretion

Front 76

Esophageal atresia

Back 76

Feeding exacerbates symptoms

Front 77

Esophageal atresia

Back 77

Coiled feeding tube, air distended stomach

Front 78

Esophageal Atresia with Distal TEF

Back 78

Most common esophageal atresia

Front 79

Esophageal Atresia without TEF

Back 79

2nd most common esophageal atresia

Front 80

Esophageal Atresia without TEF

Back 80

Flat abdomen- airless scaphoid abdomen

Front 81

TEF without esophageal atresia

Back 81

H Type

Front 82

TEF without esophageal atresia

Back 82

Late detection, compatible with life, refractory bronchospasm, recurrent pneumonia

Front 83

Caustic Ingestion

Back 83

Vomiting, drooling, refusal to drink, oral burns, dysphagia

Front 84

Foreign Bodies

Back 84

Stridor, wheezing, cyanosis, dyspnea

Front 85

Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis

Back 85

Seen in males, especially first borns, increased in infants with Type B and O blood

Front 86

Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis

Back 86

Use of erythromycin in 1st weeks of life

Front 87

Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis

Back 87

Abdominal distension, hyperactive bowel sounds, non-bilious vomiting, failute to thrive

Front 88

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Back 88

12 months old with excessive regurgitation and vomiting , poor weight gain, anemia, hematemesis, chest pain, dysphagia