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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the goals of systems design? |
To build a system that is effective, reliable, and maintainable |
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What makes a system design effective? |
It supports business requirements and meets user needs |
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What makes a system design reliable? |
It handles input errors, processing errors, hardware failures, or human mistakes |
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What makes a system design maintainable? |
It is flexible, scalable, and easily modified. |
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What are some ways to ensure a system design succeeds? |
◦ Think like a user !!!!!!! Carefully examine any point where users provide input or receive output The user interface must be easy to learn Input processes should be easy to follow, intuitive, and forgiving of errors Predesigned output should be attractive and easy to understand, with an appropriate level of detail ◦ Anticipate future needs Anticipate possible expansion ◦ Provide flexibility Best design strategy is to offer several alternatives, so users can decide what will work best for them |
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What is involved in the system design task for in-house development (build) |
Design the Application Architecture ◦ Define technologies to be used by (and used to build) one, more, or all information systems. ◦ Revise models as physical models |
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What is a Distributed system? |
A system in which components are distributed across multiple locations and computer networks. ◦ Accordingly, the processing workload is distributed across multiple computers on the network. |
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What is a Centralized system? |
A system in which all components are hosted by a central, multi-user computer. ◦ Users interact with the system via terminals (or a PC emulating a terminal). ◦ Virtually all the actual processing and work is done on the host computer. |
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Define the computing layer - Presentation layer |
The user interface |
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Define the computing layer - Presentation logic layer |
Processing that must be done to generate the presentation, such as editing input data or formatting output data. |
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Define the computing layer - Application logic layer |
The logic and processing to support business rules, policies, and procedures |
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Define the computing layer - Data manipulation layer |
To store and retrieve data to and from the database |
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Define the computing layer - Data layer |
The actual business data |
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What is involved in designing the System Database? |
◦ Database schema ◦ Optimized for implementation DBMS |
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What is a User Interface? |
A user interface (UI) describes how users interact with a computer system, and consists of all the hardware, software, screens, menus, functions, output, and features that affect two-way communications between the user and the computer |
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What is human computer interaction? |
• Human-computer interaction (HCI) describes the relationship between computers and people who use them to perform their jobs • Graphical user interface (GUI) • Main objective is to create a user-friendly design that is easy to learn and use |
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What are seven signs of successful interface designers? |
1. Understand the Business • The interface designer must understand the underlying business functions and how the system supports individual, departmental, and enterprise goals 2. Maximize Graphical Effectiveness • Studies show that people learn better visually 3. Think Like a User • See the system through a user’s eyes • Use terms and metaphors that are familiar to users • Understand user experience, knowledge, and skill levels 4. Use Models and Prototypes • Present initial screen designs to users in the form of a storyboard • Users must test all aspects of the interface design and provide feedback to the designers 5. Focus on Usability • Opening screen should show the main options • Offer a reasonable number of choices that a user easily can comprehend 6. Invite Feedback • Monitor system usage and solicit user suggestions • Determine if system features are being used as intended by observing and surveying users 7. Document Everything • Document all screen designs for later use by programmers • Number the screen designs and save them in a hierarchy similar to a menu tree • User-approved sketches and storyboards also can be used to document the user interface |
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List the eight main rules for user interface design. How would you rank them in order of importance? Explain your answer. |
Order of importance (1 being the most important) Rule 1. Create an Interface That Is Easy to Learn and Use 2. Enhance User Productivity 3. Provide Users with Help and Feedback 4. Enhance the Interface 5. Focus on Data Entry Screens 6. Use Validation Rules 7. Reduce Input Volume 8. Create an Attractive Layout and Design |
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What is the difference between a detail report, a summary report, and an exception report? |
· A detail report produces one or more lines of output for each record processed. · A summary report totals all line items of a detailed report. · An exception report displays only those records that meet a specific condition or conditions. |
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What are the main principles of source document design? |
· All source documents that originate from outside the organization should be logged when they are received. · Whenever source documents pass between departments, the transfer should be recorded. · Source documents are to be stored in a safe location for some specified length of time. |
