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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define surface wind |
The horizintal movement of air |
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What are the two components of Surface Wind? |
Speed (Knots) Direction (Degrees from True North |
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Define a Gust |
A sudden increase in speed of 10 Knots or more above the average wind speed lasting a few seconds |
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Define a Squall |
An increase in speed lasting several minutes often with a change of direction and heavy precipitation (thunderstorms) |
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Define a Gale |
An average speed of 34 knots or more and/or gusts of 43 knots or more |
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Define Veering |
A change in wind direction clockwise |
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Define Backing |
A change in wind direction anti-clockwise |
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Define the MAX |
The highest gust in the 10 mins prior to observation |
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What two units are used to report visibility on a metform? |
Kilometers and Metres |
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When do you change from using Metres to Kilometers when reporting visibility? |
Past 5000m visibility |
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Define prevailing visibility |
The greatest visibility affecting at least 50% of the airfield's horizon |
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When is minimum visibility usually reported |
When the minimum visibility is in a different colour code to the prevailing visibility |
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Visibility can be reduced by the curvature of the Earth, what other three classifications of present weather can reduce visibility? |
Suspended water droplets (fog, mist) Suspended solid particles (smoke, dust, sand raised by wind) Precipitation (rain, drizzle, snow, hail etc) |
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When can fog be reported? |
When visibility is reduced to less than 1000m |
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When can mist be reported? |
When the visibility is greater than 1000m but still reduced by water droplets |
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There are three ways clouds can be classified in respect to height, what are they? |
Low Medium (Alto) High (Cirro/Cirrus) |
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What are the characteristics of Strato/Stratus clouds |
Layered clouds |
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What are the characterisitcs of Cumulo/Cumulus clouds? |
Heaped clouds |
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What are the characteristics of Nimbo/Nimbus clouds? |
Rain bearing clouds |
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What 2 cloud types must be annotated on the metform and what are their abbreviations? |
Towering Cumulonimbus (TCU) Cumulonimbus (CB) |
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Describe TCU and CB clouds |
TCU- low level heaped cloud CB- low level extrememly heaped rain bearing cloud |
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What are the hazards associated with thunderstorms? |
Weather Hail Icing Lightning Squalls Turbulence |
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What two temperatures are reported on a metform? |
Dry bulb (Outside Air Temperature) Dew Point (The point at which cooled air becomes saturated with with water vapour, then the water vapour condenses into water droplets) |
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What are the categories used to describe cloud amounts when reporting? |
1-2 Oktas: Few (FEW) 3-4 Oktas: Scattered (SCT) 5-7 Oktas: Broken (BKN) 8 Oktas: Overcast (OVC) |
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How would you write the following temperatures reported on the metform 1. Plus thirteen 2. Minus six 3. Minus zero |
1. PS 13 2. MS 06 3. MS 00 |
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What is required in the event of an aircraft accident or incident occuring on or in he vicinty of the airfield? |
Crash Observation/Crash Actual |
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Define a Weather Forecast |
A statement of expected change in weather conditions, can be issued for a place, an area or route and will always be valid for a specific period of time |
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What is an Area Forecast? |
A forecast for the area surrounding the airfield which is issued daily |
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Define a Weather Warning |
A forecast of expected weather conditions that may be hazardous to Air Systems |
