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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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statistics
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the science of analyzing and learning from data (2.1)
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a variable
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a characteristic of a thing, the observational unit, that can be assigned a number or a category.
Capital letter notation. (2.1) |
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a categorical variable
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records which of several categories a thing is in
an ordinal variable is a subset (2.1) |
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an ordinal variable
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a set of categorical variables that can be arranged in a hierarchy [meaningful rank order] (2.1)
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a numerical variable
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records the amount of something
can be continuous or discrete. that distinction can be fuzzy. like when we round numbers or if we can only measure a continuous variable with so much precision. (2.1) |
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a continuous variable
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a numeric variable measured on a continuous scale
the opposite of a discrete variable. sometimes limited practically by what we can measure with precision. (2.1) |
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a discrete variable
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a numeric variable for which we can list possible values (2.1)
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observational unit (or cases)
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the people or things we collect as samples and measure. the thing the variable is measured on.
always stated in the singular. (2.1) |
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notation for data collected
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lowercase.
in contrast to the variable being measured which is written in the uppercase. (2.1) |
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aspects of summary data description
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1. frequency distributions (shape)
2. measures of center (center) 3. measures of dispersion (spread) (2.2) |
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a frequency distribution
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a display of the frequency, number of occurrences, of each value in a data set. can be tabulated or graphed (2.2)
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a bar chart
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shows the categories a categorical variable takes and the number of observations in each category for the data in the sample. (2.2)
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a dot plo
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shows distribution of a numeric variable when sample size is small
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