Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
functions of the skin |
thermal, electrolyte, metabolic hormonal, and immune regulations; protects body from outside insults; surface area 1.5-2m2 |
|
three largest organs |
small intestine; lung; skin |
|
two major components of the skin |
epidermis (outer layer) and dermis (underlying layer) |
|
stratum corneum |
prevents water loss |
|
degree of uptake depends on |
solute concentration; time; the amount of skin surface exposed |
|
absorption rate two factors |
hydrophobicity; rate of diffusion |
|
as the size of a particle _____ the absorption _____ |
decreases; increases |
|
increasing permeability of diffusion |
foot sole< palm< forehead< abdomen |
|
when absorbed through skin, toxicant goes straight to _______ |
blood |
|
two major categories of dermatitis |
irritant and allergic |
|
three types of burns |
superficial (top layer of skin); partial thickness or dermal injury (second layer); full thickness injury (third layer/tissue) |
|
chemical burns |
80% of irritant dermatitis; produced fro strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and reducing agents; extremely corrosive can cause third degree |
|
allergic contact dermatitis |
delayed hyersensitive reaction; chemical haptens penettrate the lipied barrier and attach to carrier proteins; contact allergens can elecit reactions at very small doses |
|
melanin |
absorbs a broad range of radiation from UVB 290-320 through visible |
|
benefits of electromagnetic radiation |
production of vitiam D; photo-isomerize bilirubin (a red cell breakdown product) |
|
photosensitivity |
abnormal sensitivity to ultraviolet rats and visible light |
|
photodynamic therapy |
uses high wave light sources to selectively destruct neoplasm |
|
psoralens |
produce phototoxicity without requiring oxygen radicals; form covalent adducts and crosslinks when activated by UVA |
|
photoallergy |
produces allergic response by forming a complete antigen upon absorbing UV or visible light; can bind or conjugate to carrier proteins |
|
acene |
long chain fatty acides can give acne-like responses; petroleum products in workplace can give rise |
|
chloracne |
caused by halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons; most disfiguring form of acne |
|
depigmentation |
helps protect skin from harmful effects of UV light by producing insoluble polymeric pigment melanin |
|
urticaria |
hives; hypersensitivity reactions driven by releases of histamine and other vaseoactive substances; exposure to plant or animal proteins; handling food, plants, or animal products |
|
skin cancer |
most common neoplasm; major cuase is sunlight; highest in pale complexioned whites |
|
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons |
skin carcinogens; metabolized by P450; perturb cell function if not removed |