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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
5. Where in a cell is the DNA located? |
Nucleus and in mitochondria. |
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5. Where in a cell is the RNA located? |
On ribosomes in the cytoplasm. |
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6. What are the components of a nucleotide? |
Sugar, a Phosphate & One of 4 bases (Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine) |
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6. What are the components of a nucleoside? |
Nucleobase and a 5-carbon sugar (either ribose or deoxyribose) |
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13. What is the difference in structure between D-ribose and 2-deoxyl-D-ribose? |
Same structure except at carbon 2. D-ribose= hydroxyl group and hydrogen on carbon 2 2-deoxyl-D-ribose= two hydrogens. |
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15. RNA and DNA refer to nucleic acids. Which part of the molecule is acidic? |
Phosphoric acids. |
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17. What type of bond exists between the two phosphates in ADP? |
Anhydride bonds.
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23. The sequence of a short DNA segment is ATGGCAATAC. What name do we give to the two ends (terminals) of a DNA molecule? |
5' end and 3' end.
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23. The sequence of a short DNA segment is ATGGCAATAC. IN this segment, which end is which? |
The end drawn to the left is the 5' end. A is the 5' end, and C is the 3' end.
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23. The sequence of a short DNA segment is ATGGCAATAC. What would be the sequence of the complementary strand? |
GTATTGCCAT
5' 3' |
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27. What is the nature of the interaction between histones and DNA in the nucleosomes? |
Electrostatic interactions. |
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37. Which type of RNA has a sequence exactly complementary to that of DNA? |
mRNA
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53. How many different bases are present in a DNA double helix? |
FOUR
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1. To what end product is the energy of foods converted in the catabolic pathways |
ATP |
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3. How many membranes do mitochondria have?
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2
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3. Which membrane is permeable to ions and small molecules?
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The outer membrane.
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7. How many high-energy phosphate bonds are in the ATP molecule? |
Two phosphate anhydride bonds.
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15. In the common catabolic pathway, a number of important molecules acts as carriers (transfer agents). Which is the carrier of phosphate groups?
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ATP
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15. In the common catabolic pathway, a number of important molecules acts as carriers (transfer agents). Which are the coenzymes transferring hydrogen ions and electrons?
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NAD+ and FAD
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15. In the common catabolic pathway, a number of important molecules acts as carriers (transfer agents). What kind of groups does coenzyme A carry?
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Acetyl groups.
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21. The fats and carbohydrates metabolized by our bodies are eventually converted to a single compound. What is it?
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Acetyl coenzyme A.
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29. Is ATP directly produced during any step of the citric acid cycle? Explain.
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No.
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31. why is a many-step cyclic process more efficient in utilizing energy from food than a single-step combustion? |
Allows the energy to be released in small packets.
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37. What are the mobile electron carriers of oxidative phosphorylation? |
Cytochrome c and CoQ. |