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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Organic Halides
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Addition of halogens (group 7A) to hydrocarbons [(R-X) R is a hydrocarbon & X is a halogen] .. [Halogens are F,Cl,Br,I,At]
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oxygen containing functional groups // ALCOHOLS// R-OH
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has an "OH" bond .. usually has -ol ending; ie: Methanol .. water solluable
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oxygen containing functional groups// PHENOL
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An -OH group on a benzene ribg .
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oxygen containing functional group// ETHERS// R-O-R'
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Contains two hydrocarbons on both sides of a central oxygen atom. Low boiling point less soluble in water. ie; H³C-O-CH³
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oxygen containing functional group//ALDEHYDES
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contains carbonyl group (carbonyl group is C=O). Dipole dipole intermolecular force. Higher boiling points than alkanes, lower than alcohols.
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Can end in hyde.
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oxygen containing functional group// KETONES
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Contain a carbonyl group with two attached hydrocarbon groups.
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oxygen containing functional group//CARBOXYLIC ACID
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contains carboxyl group, -COOH. Weak acids and more water soluble.
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oxygen containing functional group// ESTER
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Formed from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Has two oxygens.
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Nitrogen containing functional groups//AMINES
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one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by a hydrocarbon. H-N-H, H-N-R¹, R²-N-R¹
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nitrogen containing functional groups//AMIDES
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O H
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Alkanes
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Contains only single carbon-carbon bonds (C-C) saturated, combustion is the reaction of alkane.
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CnH²n+²
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Aromatics
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Ring structure with alternating double and single carbon carbon bonds.. super stable.
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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
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PAHs aromatic compounds that contain more than one ring.
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Alkenes
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Contain at least one double bond. Is unsaturated reactivity of alkanes is hydrogenation. Hydrogenation is the addition of hydrogen. CnH2n
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Alkynes
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Contains at least one triple bond and is unsaturated.
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Carbon
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Carbon has four electrons in its outer shell and therefore can form four covalent bond. Carbon has four valence electrons and can be shared.
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carbon - hydrogen
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C-H bonds are nonpolar hydrophobic.
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Hydrocarbons
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Compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen. They are nonpolar and have weak London forces.
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Cyclic Alkanes
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CnH²n .. unsaturated.. alkanes containing ringed structure.
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Polymerization
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Process to combine fundamental unit (monomers) into long chains (polymers)
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