X chromosome

Diseases of the Cell Assignment: Heart-Hand syndrome & X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy Heart-Hand Syndrome is also known as Holt-Oram Syndrome, where individuals are born with skeletal abnormalities of hand and arms (upper limbs) and heart problems due to the mutation of HOS1into the TBX gene. TBX gene plays a role in controlling growth of bone in the hand and arm. Also, TBX is present in chromosome 12. The symptoms include: missing thumbs, long thumb that looks a like a finger, partial or…

This mainly happens due to a problem with cell division, and because chromosomes are the carriers of the genetic material, abnormalities in chromosome number or structure can result in disease. The most known disorder under this type of inheritance disease is Down Syndrome. Down Syndrome occurs when a person has three copies of chromosome 21. Mitochondrial inheritance is a type of genetic disorder caused by mutations in the non-nuclear DNA of mitochondria…

caused by abnormalities in one of the X-chromosomes. While turner syndrome’s symptoms may be mistaken at birth. However, the condition often isn’t diagnose until puberty. Although, with all other diseases most people don’t understand the dieses. So it goes untreated and the sighs are not taken seriously. Turner syndrome is a genetic cause. Females have two X-chromosomes. While the male have Y and X-Chromosomes. When a baby is born they are born with 23 chromosomes. To determine the gender of…

Fragile X Syndrome is a common form of inherited mental retardation. It can also be known as Martin-Bell Syndrome. Fragile X Syndrome can also cause learning disabilities, developmental delays, and social or behavioral issues. When infants miss developmental milestones it can be a potential sign and symptom to FXS. There can also be noticeable differences in physical features such as a larger head circumference, bigger ears, flat feet, flexibility, or even an elongated face which doesn’t become…

and meiosis two. The guided question I answered was how does the process of meiosis reduce the number of chromosomes in a reproductive cell? It is important for scientists to answer this question because they need to learn how a reduction in chromosomes is very critical. Without it the two gametes during fertilization, the offspring would result in with two times the regular number of chromosomes. Scientist use models to demonstrate mitosis one, mitosis two, meiosis one, and meiosis two. A…

of muscle cells and tissue. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is one of many types found and it passed down through the X chromosome. DMD is one of the most common muscle diseases found in early childhood. 1 in 3500 boys are born with DMD however very rarely affects girls with a 1 in 50million chance. It is caused by a small mutation in the DMD gene and it is inherited by families in an X-linked recessive fashion. Those who suffer from DMD generally lose muscle function which often occurs in weakness…

It results in the sex chromosome being incomplete and results in an ‘XO’ in the 23rd pair instead of the regular ‘XX’. This results in the birth of a female with Turner’s syndrome – resulting in a short stature, infertility, heart defects and learning disabilities. As Turner’s syndrome is due to an incomplete meiosis division, it is random and not hereditary. This affects 1 in 2000 baby girls. During regular meiosis, in interphase the DNA is replicated once, the chromosomes will find their…

fissions of the nucleus which result in four gametes or sex cells. Each cell possesses half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell. The process of meiosis occurs…

many offspring and the offspring are created in a very fast fourteen-day cycle. The mutations are easy to identify because the traits that are affected are noticeable. (1) It contains only a few chromosomes. The only ones that contain a significant amount of genetic information are chromosomes two, three, and X. The female…

3 Chromosomes are thread-like structures which consist of DNA and other proteins. Chromosomes are present in every cell of the human body so that information can be carried for that cell to develop. The human body normally consists of 46 chromosomes which then can be paired into 23 pairs. 22 pairs of chromosomes are similar in both males and females which are commonly known as autosomes. However, the 22nd chromosomes (X and Y) are different as these are the sex chromosomes. The human cell can…