Nephron

Alcoholism is a serious health issue that affects millions of people and their loved ones every day. “Alcohol dependence refers to a medical illness characterized by loss of control, preoccupation with alcohol, continued alcohol use despite adverse consequences, and physiological symptoms such as withdrawal and tolerance” (Dawoodi & De Sousa, 2012, 208). Unfortunately, as more people continue to get older they come to rely on alcohol for the perceived physical and psychological benefits (Dawoodi…

Abstract Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a type of kidney disease that involves the glomeruli. These are very small, important structures in the kidneys that supply blood flow to the small units in the kidneys that filter urine called the nephrons. During glomerulonephritis, the glomeruli become inflamed and impair the kidney's ability to filter urine. This can be a routine condition in childhood. Some children with GN can be treated in an outpatient setting, while others have to be hospitalized…

electrolyte and fluid balance ✓ R-egulates homeostasis of blood and acid-base balance ✓ R-egulates RBC production ✓ E-liminates end products of metabolism, ✓ S-ecretes renin, parathyroid hormones and Vitamin D [pic] The Kidney: Nephron • Functional unit of the kidney that produces urine by filtration Blood Supply of the Kidney • Renal artery- branch of the abdominal aorta • Renal vein- drains into the inferior vena cava The Ureters • 2 long…

Introduction Chronic kidney failure describes a gradual decrease of kidney function over time. One may not even recognize they have abnormal renal function until their kidneys are significantly impaired. Your kidneys are one of the most important organs in your body because they keep the composition of the blood stable, which allows the body to function properly. The kidneys are the main source of filtering waste and excess fluids from your blood, which is then expelled through your urine. When…

Nephritis, inflammation of the kidneys in the nephrons, impairs the ability to excrete waste products and toxins in the body which can build up leading to toxicity. If left untreated for too long, permanent damage can be the result. The Lungs can also suffer with pleuritis, the lining of the chest cavity…

THE MALE AND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. Naturally the ultimate goal for all living organisms on earth is the preservation and continuity of their kind. This is achieved through reproduction. Reproduction or procreation is the biological process through which organisms give rise to new individuals referred to as offspring (Silverstein, Silverstein, & Silverstein, 2010). It is in two forms namely; asexual and sexual. Sexual reproduction is the most common, advanced and more…

Introduction There are many different diseases that are prevalent in the population today. Walks for cancer and MS, and ice water bucket challenges for ALS. However something that does not get a lot of attention and is the number 1 killer or people in the United States is Heart disease (Leading Causes of Death, 2015). Underlying the blanket term of Heart disease are some diagnoses such as CAD, HTN, and angina or narrowing of coronary arteries causing pain (Heart Disease, n.d.). The purpose of…

An independent 72-year old man , MR. Allan, presented to the emergency department with progressively increasing shortness of breath (SOB) over the past few months .Initially shortness of breath was exertional , but increased to shortness of breath at rest. He had an ongoing cough for one week. My essay will begin with a review of his presenting condition, patient history and symptoms on arrival to Intensive care unit. I will also look at the patient investigations and assessment findings. MR…

The physiological processes of a mammal are in a unique balance where any deviation from the normal can result in a pathological condition. For example, mammals require a continuous intake of nutrients to ensure that every vital process can be maintained. If these processes are not maintained; the organism will begin to absorb its own nutrients, thereby reducing the availability of resources within the organism (Odette, 2005). An organism that is absorbing its own nutrients will be unable to…

Beta blockers are the first line drug choice when treating angina related to CAD. Beta blockers decrease cardiac oxygen demand, by blocking beta receptors in the heart, decreasing heart rate and contractibility, reducing peripheral resistance and after load. Slowing heart rate increases diastolic fill time, increasing the amount of time blood flows throughout myocardial vessels. When taken with nitroglycerin, extra benefits include blunting reflex tachycardia. Dosage starts out low and slowly…