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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ethnicity |
Cultural differences |
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Race |
Biological differences |
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Verotec |
Super-diversity is when new immigrant groups hope to remain and some only wish to stay for a short period |
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Racism |
Negativity regarding a racial or ethnic group |
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Intentional Racism |
Overt and conscious |
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Unintentional Racism |
Covert |
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Racial Prejudice |
People hold racist values and beliefs |
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Racial Discrimination |
Based on action against a race or ethnicity |
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Prejudice |
Part of society's culture and passed from generation |
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Institutional Racism |
Pervade society and organisations, perpetuating the disadvantage felt by some in comparison with others |
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Miles |
Most ethnic-minority groups being placed at the bottom of the Stratification system is racist |
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Heath and Yu |
Some minority groups are more likely to experience ethnic penalty. First-generation migrants experience a greater ethnic penalty |
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Ethnic penalty |
Disadvantage that ethnic minorities face in the labour market compared with white British of the same age and qualifications |
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Joseph Rowntree Foundation |
Some ethnic minority graduates esp women find it harder to gain high-level positions |
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Battu and Sloane |
Ethnic minorities in employment are more likely to be over educated |
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Davidson |
Concrete-ceiling describes discrimination which is embedded to prevent ethnic minority women from promotion |
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Mason |
Some ethnic minority groups are severely disadvantaged in the labour market maybe because of employer's attitudes |
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Li |
Employers attitudes worsened when they discovered that women with European-sounding names were black. Some Muslim women were removing their hijab to increase chances of employment |
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Iganski and Payne |
First-generation migrants were disadvantage due to the decline of a manufacturing-based economy |
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Heterogeneous |
Diverse |
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Homogeneous |
Of the same kind |
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Runnymeade Trust |
EMs 3x likely to experience poverty in retirement |
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Flaherty |
Reasons for high poverty: EMs concentrated in low-skilled and low-paid jobs, lack of job opportunities, and schools are poorer in deprived areas |
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Alcock |
EMs experience material deprivation which leads to social exclusion |
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Platt |
Higher educational jobs for first-generation Indians maintain their positions, relative occupation positions of Caribbeans had fallen, and Pakistani and Bangladeshi perform less well |
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Heath |
43% of white men and 46% white women moved up in socio-economic class compared to their fathers. Pakistani and Bangladeshi men were 34%, and women 28% |
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Sedghi |
Despite levels of educational achievement improvement, EMs still face barriers in social mobility and job opportunities |
