Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Why did the Massachusetts Bay Colony start?
|
Puritans were persecuted in England because they wanted to reform the church.
1,5000 Puritans move between 1630 and 1642 in the Great Migration |
|
|
Who was John Winthrop?
|
Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Stated "we shall build a city upon a hill" wanted Boston to be a religious experiment. |
|
|
Why was the Massachusetts Bay Colony successful?
|
Leadership (John Winthrop)
work ethic economy based on ship building, trading, and farming. democratic government (town meetings) |
|
|
How did Spain and Britain differ in financing exploration?
|
Spain: public funds (taxes)
created better navigation. Britain: private funds (joint stock companies) created better colonization. |
|
|
How did England obtain naval dominance?
|
Seadogs Sir Francis Drake and John Hawkins were attacked in England by the Spanish Armada. England wins due to lighter ships and a hurricane. This victory leads to dominance.
|
|
|
Who were the two most important people of Jamestown and why?
|
Captain John Smith: captained founding ship and helped maintain leadership within the colony.
John Rolfe: saved economy by introducing tobacco, cash cropping tobacco leads to plantation system, marries Pocahontas. |
|
|
Why is the House of Burgess important?
|
1st form of self-representative government
gave James I reason to revoke charter. |
|
|
What are some key facts about the Maryland colony?
|
Was a restoration colony meant to be a safe haven for catholics.
founded by Sir George Calvert. *Maryland Act of Tolerance* all Christians are protected those who did not believe in Jesus were given death penalty. |
|
|
What was the headright system?
|
Wealthy plantation owners paid passage for servants in exchange for 2 years service. The owner received 50 acres of land for each "head".
servant received +/- 5 acres at end of service. helped stimulate the tobacco plantation economy. |
|
|
What was Bacon's Rebellion?
|
Former indentured servants were not given lad promised to them so they had to push west into indian territory.
Daniel Bacon organizes a rebellion against Berkeley in Jamestown. Berkeley is exiled for 1 year until Bacon's death. |
|
|
What were some impacts of Bacon's rebellion?
|
Spurred slave trade:
-slaves were easier to control than rebellious indentured servants. -tribal wars surrounded the capture of slaves for trade. Instills racism: -American dream is to own slaves -creates necessity of slavery. |
|
|
What did Roger Williams believe in?
|
-The individual was just as important as faith.
-Separation of church and state. fair compensation for Indian lands. |
|
|
What was the Halfway Covenant?
|
Allowed partial membership of the church with conditions.
-could join it baptized at birth and unconverted. -a child could become a full member if their parents were partial members. -one did not have to convert to Calvinism. *did not solve the problem of declining faith* |
|
|
What were the Salem Witch Trials?
|
*caused by political and military turmoil*
accusations against: -wealthy women unmarried women or widows women who couldn't give birth outspoken women skewed and nonsensical tests. |
|
|
What is important about Thomas Hooker?
|
He created the first modern constitution. "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut."
|
|
|
What are some key facts about the Georgia colony?
|
-founded by Jame Oglethorp
-meant to be a haven for debtors. -created as military buffer between colonies and Spanish Florida. |
|
|
Explain colonial slavery and the Middle Passage.
|
Middle Passage:
-boat trip from Africa to Charleston, SC. -65% of slaves died before reaching America. shippers did not make conditions good because slaves were cheap. -they could make more money if they made more trips. |
|
|
What are the key differences between pilgrims and puritans?
|
Pilgrims: separatists founded in Plymouth.
Puritans: reformists founded in Massachusetts Bay Colony. |
|
|
Explain how Pilgrims came to be a colony.
|
Moved out of England into Holland (by John Robinson).
-disliked "dutchification" of children. -Virginia Company payed passage. They were supposed to be indentured servants in Jamestown. They forced the ship to land at Plymouth just outside of colonial boundaries. -created Mayflower Compact. |
|
|
What were some hardships of the Pilgrims?
|
Plymouth had a harsher climate
-rocky soil was not fertile. Squanto helped to save them -spoke English and made alliance with Indians. -taught then to grow corn -showed them where to fish. |
|
|
Why did the Puritan faith decline?
|
Colonists began to question the Calvin Doctrine.
|
|
|
What did Anne Hutchinson believe in?
|
-if predestination was true then there was no reason to abide by strict rules.
-the individual was as important as faith. -salvation could come directly from God. |
|
|
Why was Anne Hutchinson banished to Rhode Island?
|
-sedition
-contempt of authority -challenged gender roles (heresy) |
|
|
How did France, Spain and England treat Native Americans differently?
|
France - wanted to be trading partners
Spain - convert to Catholicism/make slaves. England - destroy and kill |
|
|
what lead to the success of the Pilgrims?
|
-leadership of William Bradford
-religion controlled everything -economy was based on fur trade, lumber and fishing. |
