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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Therapy |
Therapy offers hope for the hopeless
A new perspective and An empathetic, trusting, caring relationship Therapists use the TherapeuticAlliance to create a safe space for clients - TA: a bond of trust, mutual understanding between atherapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client’sproblems |
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Psychotherapy |
trained therapist using psychological techniques toassist someone to overcome difficulties or achieve personal growth
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Biomedical Therapy |
Offers medication as a form of treatment or otherbiological therapies
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Psychoanalysis |
The first of psychotherapies (Freud)
Goal: healthier, less anxious living becomes possiblewhen people release the energy they had previous devoted to the id-ego-superego conflicts To bring repressed feelings to the conscious awareness To gain insight Techniques: Free association Monitoring the client’s resistance to a topic, interpretation of a topic, and transference |
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Psychodynamic Theory |
Less about id, ego, superego and more about themes acrossrelationships
Childhood experiences, therapeutic relationship Once or twice a week sessions, for a few monthsExplore feelings and thoughts Might reveal how past relationships influence currentrelationships |
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Interpersonal Psychotherapy |
Brief (12-16 sessions)
Goal: relieve current symptoms rather than dive intopast |
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Humanistic Theories |
To gain insight
Carol Rogers: Client-centered therapyFocuses on the person’s conscious self-perceptions// The therapist’s main role is to listen without judgingor interpreting //Non-directive therapyGenuineness, acceptance, empathy Therapists express their true feelings in sessionUnconditional positive regard |
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Carl Rogers |
Active Listening: empathetic listening in which thelistener echoes, restates, and clarifies--This acknowledges the client’s feelings, allowinghim/her to feel truly heard.
-This is now fundamental to all therapy! How do we actively listen?1.ParaphraseSummarizing in your own words2.Invite clarification“What may be an example of that?”3.Reflect feelings“That sounds very frustrating” |
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Humanistic vs. Psychoanalytic |
Pscyho: Curing illness, “patients”, Uncovering hidden emotions, thoughts, etc. Focus on the pastPast relationships
Humanistic:Boosting self-fulfillment //Self-awareness, Self-acceptance Promoting growth (encouragement)//Clients// Taking immediate responsibility for feelings andactions// Present an future are more important than past |
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Behavior Theories |
No focus on self-awareness
You experience test anxiety -Perhaps you know why -Does this decrease your level of anxiety before atest? -View “problems” as behaviors and the client’sperception of learning principles -Learned behaviors can be replaced by constructivebehaviors |
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Classical Conditioning Techniques |
Ivan Pavolv
We can be conditioned- does that mean we can bereconditioned? Bed-wetting example |
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Counter Conditioning |
-Pairs the trigger stimulus with a new response that isincompatible with fear
-Pairing the enclosed space of an elevator withrelaxation rather than fear -Exposure therapy and aversive therapy |
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Exposure Therapy |
-Systematic desensitization or virtual realityexposure-treating anxieties by exposing people to the thing they fear or avoid
- May first begin with imagining, then actually doing |
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Systematic Desensitization |
associates a pleasant relaxed state with graduallyincreasing anxiety-triggering stimuli- mostly used in phobias
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Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy |
Gradual exposure via electronic stimulation |
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Aversive Conditioning |
Substituting a negative (adverse) response for apositive response to a harmful stimulus.-----Example: associating nausea with alcohol consumption
-Nail biting: put hot sauce on your nails - Does it work?It depends. |
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Operant Conditioning |
-Behavior modification
-Reinforcing desired behaviors and withholdingreinforcement for undesired behaviors -Used often with Autism Spectrum Disorder and childrenwith intellectual disabilities -Token economy:for wanted behaviors (making bed, taking shower,dressing self) a token is given- later on, accumulated tokens can be exchangedfor a reward; candy, trips to town, TV, etc. -Can people become too reliant on external rewards?Wean off to social interaction |
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Cognitive Therapies |
Thinking colors our feelings
How does our mind interpret the event? REBT CBT Aims to alter the way people think (cognition) as wellas the way they act (behavior) Let’s replace the thought “This test is impossible” to“???” Then practice, practice, practice Walking trail exampleGreat for anxiety/depression/OCD |
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Rational- Emotive Behavior Therapy |
Albert Ellis
Our problems arise from irrational thinking This therapy challenges the client’s thinking- byshowing how absurd it is |
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Aaron Beck |
Cognitive Therapist
-If we can change people’s thinking, we can changetheir functioning - We think in words,, What do we tell ourselves?“I can’t do this” “My hair looks bad”“They wont like me”Themes arise- let’s tackle the themes |
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Group Therapy |
-More “facilitation” from therapist
- Saves client’s and therapist’s time and money -Offers a social dynamic (support)- very therapeutic -To know you’re not alone -Provides feedback about client behavior Form, Storm, Norm, Preform, Adjourn Self-help: AA, AIDS,Cancer, Grief, etc |
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pYCHOLOGY |
CLASS |
