Social Psychology Ch 3

Front 1

Automatic Thinking

Back 1

Thinking that is nonconscious, unintentional, involuntary, and effortless

Front 2

Schemas

Back 2

Mental structures people use to organize their knowledge about the social world around themes or subjects and that influence the information people notice, think about, and remember

Front 3

Accessibility

Back 3

The extent to which schemas and concept are at the forefront of people’s minds and are therefore likely to be used when we are making judgments about the social world

Front 4

Priming

Back 4

The process by which recent experiences increase the accessibility of a schema, trait, or concept

Front 5

Perseverance Effect

Back 5

The finding that people’s beliefs about themselves and the social world persist even after the evidence supporting these beliefs is discredited

Front 6

Self- Fulfilling Prophecy

Back 6

The case whereby people (1) have an expectation about what another person is like, which (2) influences how they act toward that person, which (3) causes that person to behave consistently with people’s original expectations, making the expectations come true

Front 7

Judgmental Heuristics

Back 7

Mental shortcuts people use to make judgments quickly and efficiently

Front 8

Availability Heuristic

Back 8

A mental rule of thumb whereby people base a judgment on the ease with which they can bring something to mind

Front 9

Representativeness Heuristic

Back 9

A mental shortcut whereby people classify something according to hw similar it is to a typical case

Front 10

Base Rate Information

Back 10

Information about the frequency of members of different categories in the population

Front 11

Anchoring and Adjustment Heuristics

Back 11

A mental shortcut whereby people use number of value as a starting point and then adjust insufficiently from this anchor

Front 12

Controlled Thinking

Back 12

Thinking that is conscious, intentional, voluntary, and effortful

Front 13

Thought Suppression

Back 13

The attempt to avoid thinking about something we would prefer to forget

Front 14

Counterfactual Thinking

Back 14

Mentally changing some aspect of the past as a way of imagining what might have been

Front 15

Overconfidence Barrier

Back 15

The fact that people usually have too much confidence in the accuracy of their judgments