Pathophysiology Chapter 18 From Practice Test

Front 1

General causes of abnormal target cell responses include

Back 1

abnormal receptor activity

Front 2

The most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone secretion is

Back 2

Cancer

Front 3

A 54 year old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis (lung cancer) is elevated for syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances would be expected in this patient?

Back 3

Hyponatremia

Front 4

A 54 year old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis (lung infection) is evaluated for syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH). Which of the following clinical manifestations would be expected in this patient?

Back 4

Concentrated Urine

Front 5

A severe consequence of syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) is

Back 5

neurologic damage

Front 6

A 22 year old is admitted to the intensive care unit with a closed head injury sustained in a motorcycle accident. The injury has caused severe damage to the posterior pituitary. Which of the following complications should be anticipated?

Back 6

Dehydration from polyuria

Front 7

A side effect of some general anesthetis agents is ____________ diabetes insipidus

Back 7

nephrogenic

Front 8

Diabetes insipidus diabetes mellitus and SIAGH share which of the following clinical manifestations

Back 8

Thirst

Front 9

A 50 year old male patient presents with polyuria and extreme thirst. He was given exogenous ADH. For which of the following would this treatment be effective

Back 9

Neurogenic diabetes insipidus

Front 10

A 25 year old male presents with fatigue constipation sexual dysfunction. Tests reveal all pituitary hormones are normal and no masses are appreciated. the most likely cause of his symptoms is a dysfunction in the

Back 10

hypothalamus

Front 11

A 15 year old female presents with breast discharge dysmenorrhea and excessive excitability. Tests reveal that all her pituitary hormones are elevated. The most likely cause is

Back 11

A pituitary adenoma

Front 12

Common neurologic disturbances seen with pituitary adenomas are

Back 12

visual disturbances

Front 13

A 35 year old female with Graves disease is admitted to a medical surgical unit. Lab tests would most likely reveal

Back 13

high levels of circulating thyroid stimulating antibodies

Front 14

The level ot T3 in Graves disease is usually abnormally

Back 14

High

Front 15

A 35 year old female is admitted to a medical surgical unit. Whish of the following symptoms would be expected before treatment

Back 15

Skin hot and moist rapid heart rate

Front 16

Visual disturbances are a common occurence in patients with untreated Graves disease. The main cause of these complications is

Back 16

orbital edema and sxtraocular muscle paralysis

Front 17

A 25 year old female with Graves disease is admitted to a medical surgical unit. Palpation of her neck would most likely reveal

Back 17

diffuse thyroid enlargement

Front 18

A 22 year old female has a low level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). This condition would cause _____________ hypothyroidism

Back 18

secondary

Front 19

The basal metabolic rate is unusually ________ with hypothyroidism

Back 19

Low

Front 20

A 3 year ld male was diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism. if left untreated the child would have

Back 20

mentalretardation and stunted growth

Front 21

A 30 year old male was diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma. Lab tests would most likely indicate _________ T3 and T4 levels

Back 21

normal

Front 22

A problem associated with chronic hyperparathyroidism

Back 22

osteoporosis and pathologic fractures

Front 23

A 45 year old female with Graves disease underwent surgical removal of her thyroid gland. During the postoperative period her serum calcium was low. The most probable reason fro her low serum calcium is

Back 23

hypoparathyroidism caused by surgical injury to the parathyroid glands

Front 24

A 30 year old female with Graves disease is admitted to your hospital unit for the surgical removal of her thyroid gland. During the postoperative period you note that her serum calcium is low. She should be observed for which of the following signs/symptoms

Back 24

Laryngeal spasms and hyperreflexia

Front 25

Hypoparathyroidism is most commonly caused by

Back 25

parathyroid gland injury

Front 26

A 25 year old male presents to his physician complainging of changes in facial features. CT scan reveals a mass on the anteriour pituitary and lab tests reveal severely elevated growth hormone (GH) Which of the following would also be expected

Back 26

sexual dysfunction

Front 27

A 30 year old male presents to his physician complaining of visual disturbances. CT reveals a Pituitary tumor and lab tests reveal elevated prolactin. Which of the following would also be expected

Back 27

increased dopamine

Front 28

A 12 year old female is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Which of the following i the most likely cause of her disease

Back 28

Immune destruction of the pancreas

Front 29

A 12 year old male is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following is most beneficial in confirming diagnosis

Back 29

Fasting plasma glucose levels and glucose tolerance tests

Front 30

An 11 year old male is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellintus,. Before treatment he most likely experienced

Back 30

polydipsia polyuria polyphagia and weight loss

Front 31

A 19 year old female with type 1 diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital with the following lab values: serum glucose 500 mg/dl (high); serum K+ 2(low); serum Na+ 130(low). Her parents state that she has been sick with the "flu" for a week. what relationship do these values have with her insulin deficiency?

Back 31

Decreased insulin causes hyperglycemia and osmotic diuresis

Front 32

management of diabetes mellitus involves measuring glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c) levels. The purpose of this test is to

Back 32

monitor long term serum glucose control

Front 33

Hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus is a result of

Back 33

hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance

Front 34

A 19 year old female with type 1 diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital with the following lab valuse serum glucise 500 mg/dl (high; urine glucose and ketones 4+ (high) arterial pH 7.20 (low). HEr parents state that she has been sick with the "flu" for a week. Which of the following statements best explains her acidotic state?

Back 34

insulin deficiency promotes lipid metabolism and ketone formation

Front 35

A 13 year old male who uses insulin to control his type 1 diabetes experiences hunger lightheadedness tachycardia pallor headchae and confusion during gym class. the most probable cause of these symptoms is

Back 35

Hypoglycemia caused be increased exercise

Front 36

A 55 year old female is admitted to the medical unit for complications of long term poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following would be expected in addition to elevated glucose

Back 36

elevated serum lipids

Front 37

Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus such as microvascular and macrovascular disease are promarily related to

Back 37

hyperglycemia

Front 38

Both Crushing syndrome and Addison disease can manifest with elevated levels of

Back 38

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Front 39

Which of the following alterations would you expect to find in a patient with untreated Crushing disease or syndrome

Back 39

Hypertension

Front 40

Characteristic physical features of individuals with Cushing syndrome include

Back 40

truncal obesity and thin skin

Front 41

A 35 year old female took corticosteroid therapy for several months. Which of the following would be expected

Back 41

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Front 42

The most common cause of addison disease is

Back 42

an autoimmune reaction

Front 43

A 50 year old femlae present with light headedness and overall abnormal feelings. CTscan reveals an adrenal cortical tumor. Lab tests reveal that the tumor is hormone secreting. Which of the following would be expected.

Back 43

Hypokalemia

Front 44

A 49 year old female is diagnosed with hypercortisolism. An increase in which of the following would be expected?

Back 44

Protein catabolicm and liver gluconeogenesis

Front 45

The body's inability to conserve water and sodium when affected by
Addison disease is explained by which of the following conditions

Back 45

Aldosterone deficiency

Front 46

Mental status changes and muscle weakness in people with addison disease are promarily caused by

Back 46

hypoglycemia

Front 47

What is the Cause of hyperpigmentation seen in a people with Cushing syndrome and Addison disease

Back 47

Elevated levesl of ACTH

Front 48

A 30 year old female presents with hypertension headache tachycardia impaired glucose tolerance and weight loss. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis

Back 48

Phenochromocytoma