Pathophysiology Chapter 1 From Practice Test

Front 1

A cell is isolated for microscopy. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed?

Back 1

Nucleus

Front 2

An isolated cell is observed to absorb oxygen and use it to transform nutrients to energy. Which of the following cellular functions is it displaying?

Back 2

Respiration

Front 3

A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which the region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained?

Back 3

Nucleolus

Front 4

The fluid mosaic model for biologic membranes describes membrane behavior. According to this model, which of the following float singly or as aggregates in the fluid lipid bilayer

Back 4

Integral membrane proteins

Front 5

Plasma membrane receptors are available to bind to:

Back 5

Ligands

Front 6

A patient with metastatic cancer would be expected to have alterations in extracellular matrix that include:

Back 6

Decreaded fibronectin

Front 7

Which Form of cell communication is used to communicate with other cells in direct physical contact?

Back 7

Cell junction

Front 8

Pancreatic Beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagons from neighboring alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following signaling types?

Back 8

Paracrine

Front 9

In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:

Back 9

Substrate

Front 10

An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feels fitigued and unable to contract. A deficiency in which of the following would cause impaired muscle contraction?

Back 10

ATP

Front 11

The phase of catabolism during which ATP production is highest is:

Back 11

Citric acid cycle

Front 12

The three phases of cellular catabolism are:

Back 12

digestion, glycolysis and oxidation, and the citric acid cycle

Front 13

A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for music energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance?

Back 13

Anaerobic glycolysis

Front 14

The movement of smal, electrically uncharged molecules through a semipermeable barier is an example of:

Back 14

diffusion

Front 15

Electrolytes are:

Back 15

electrically charged molecules

Front 16

which of the following is true regarding the predominant extracellular cation?

Back 16

Is sodium

Front 17

Oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:

Back 17

plasma proteins

Front 18

A tissue capillary bed has a hydrostatic pressure of 25mmHg and an oncotic pressure of 10 mmH. The filtration pressue is__________ mmHg.

Back 18

15

Front 19

A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm\kg. This measure is termed:

Back 19

osmolality

Front 20

In cirrhosis, how does cholesterol alter the fluidity of the plasma membrane of erythrocytes?

Back 20

Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen

Front 21

The movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary is an example of which process of fluid movement?

Back 21

Hydrostatic pressure

Front 22

A patient who has diarrhea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?

Back 22

Cells will shrink

Front 23

How is the transport of glucose from the blood to the cell accomplished?

Back 23

By passice-mediated transport (facilitated diffusion)

Front 24

How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?

Back 24

by adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)

Front 25

At rest, the membrane potential is nearly the equilibrium potential for potassiu. Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells?

Back 25

Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium

Front 26

The ion transporter that moves Na+ and Ca2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an example of which of the following types of transport?

Back 26

Symport

Front 27

The process during which lysosomal enzymes can be released to degrade engulfed particles is referred to as

Back 27

phagocytosis

Front 28

The cellular uptke of cholesterol depends on:

Back 28

receptor-mediated endocytosis

Front 29

The phase during the cell cycle where nuclear and cytoplasmic division occurs is called:

Back 29

M

Front 30

What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?

Back 30

Sodium gates open and sodium rushes into the cell changing the membrane potential from negative to positive

Front 31

A cell is isolated and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is -70 millivolts. The predominatn intracellular ion is Na+ and the predominant extracellular ion is K+ With voltage change, which of the following would result in an action potential?

Back 31

K+ rushing into the cell

Front 32

Platlet-deprived growth factor stimulates the production of:

Back 32

connective tissue cells

Front 33

The phase of the cell cycle during which the centromeres split and the sister chromatids are pulled apart is reffered to as:

Back 33

Anaphase

Front 34

What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?

Back 34

Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development

Front 35

A biopsy of the lung bronchi revealed ciliated epithelial cells that are capable of secretion and absorption. These cells are called:

Back 35

ciliated simple columnar epithelium