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343 Cards in this Set

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What is the generic of Aricept

Donepezil
What is MOA of Aricept
Acetylcholineserase inhibitor (increase AcH by inhibiting its breakdown)
What is Donepezil approved for treatment of
MILD to SEVERE alzheimers dementia

ONLY one with indications for ALL types
What is the generic of Zestril
Lisinopril
What is the generic of Prinivil
Lisinopril
What is the generic of Vasotec
Enalapril
What is the generic of Altace
Ramipril
What is the generic of Lotensin
Benazepril
What are contraindications for ACE inhibitors
Avoid is K >5
Avoid with angioedema (any pt)
Bilateral artery renal stenosis
Pregnancy
D/C if Scr >0.3
What are counseling pts (SE)
Non-productive cough
Dizziness
Avoid salt substitutes (since increase K
What is Flomax
Tamsulosin
What is MOA of Flomax
Selective Alpha 1 antagoinst, in the prostate leads to relaxation of smooth muscle in the bladder neck, and prostate, which improved urinary flow
Couseling pt for patients on Tamsuloxin (Flomax)
May decrease BP, tell eye doctor, if getting cataract surgery
What is generic of Catapres
Clonidine
What is MOA of Catapres
Alpha 2 agoinst (stimulates alpha 2 receptors to DECREASE NE outflow (decrease PVR, HR)
Counseling points for Catapres
Risk of hypotension
avoid abrupt withdrawl
What is the generic of Namenda
Memantine
What is MOA of Namenda
Blocking NMDA receptors (inhibits glutamate (an excitory NT)
Role of Namenda
moderate to SEVERE ALzheimers
What is generic of Lidoderm
Lidocaine
What is MOA of Lidoderm
inhbits depolarizations (decreases membrane permeability to sodium
SE of Lidoderm patch
mainly topical (ithcing depigmentation)
Couseling pts with Lidoderm
may use up to 3 patches on ONE area, leave on for up to 12 hours in any 24 hours period
Can you cut Lidoderm patch
YES, one of the few that can be cut!!
What is the generic of Diovan
Valsartan
What is MOA of Diovan
ARB (blocks ATII type 1 receptors, preventings vasoconstrtions, aldosterone release)
What is generic of Cozzar
Losartan
What is generic of Benicar
Olmesartan
What is generic of Avapro
Irbesartan
Contraindications of ARB's
same as ACE
Pregnancy
Bilateral renal artery stenosis, Hyperkalemia
Couseling pts of ARBs
hypotension, monitoring K, Scr, and avoid salt substitutes
What is generic of Lanoxin
Digoxin
What is MOA of Digoxin
increases intracelluar calcium to improve contractility
Diogoxin is narrow TI drug, what is recommend goal
0.5-0.8 for CHF
What are signs/symptoms of Digoxin toxicity
Halos around lights, N/V and EKG changes
What is the reversal agents to Lanoxin
Digibind
Do you dose adjust with Digoxin
YES--renally eliminated
What is generic of Amoxil, Trimox
Amoxicillin
What is MOA
Beta-Lactam inhbits bacteral cell wall syntheisis by inhibits transpeptidase

bacterialcidal
Main uses of AMOXCILLIN
Otitis Media, Sinusitis dental procedures
Can you give amoxillin in pregnancy
YES, pregnancy B
What is generic of Augmentin
Amoxcillin/Clavulanate
Do you need Augmentin for Step infections
NO---Streptococcus do NOT make beta-lactamases
What is generic of Tylenol #3
APAP/Codeine
What is schedule of T3
Class III

or CV for solution
What is MOA of T3
binds to mu-opioid reecptors
Why is T3 not a very potent anagesic
only 20-30% will get metabolized to morphine (codeine is pro-drug requring CYP2D6
The T3 corresponds to how many mg of codeine
30mg
What is T2
15 mg
What is T4
60 mg

for each number increase codeine doubles
What is generic of Detrol LA
Tolerodine
What is MOA of Detrol LA
Anti-cholingeric
(atagonists urinary muscarinic recpetors that control muscle contraction
What are se of Detrol LA
Anticholinerics SE
Burry visition, drug mouth, unirary rentention constipation
What is the generic of Spirivia
Tiotropium
What is MOA of Spirivia
inhibits AcH resulting in broncodilation
Tiotropium is once daily, how often is ipratropium
4x
What is generic of Atrovent
Ipratropium
Max dose of Atrovent
12 puffs in 24 hrs
Should you avoid Tiotropium and Ipratropium
YES--both anticholingerics
What is MOA of Coumadi
inhibits activtion of vitamin K by VKOR (inhibit activton of 2, 7, 9, 10 and protein C and S
Coumadin is a narrow therpeutic index drug, what are the main ways it interacts with other drugs
inhibits CYP2C9

(Bactrim, Amiodarone)
What pregnancy class is coumadin
X----very BAD
What is the generic of Neurontin
Gabapentin
What is MOA of Neurontin
Modulates activity of Na/Gaba
What is generic of Lyrica
pregabalin
What is controll status of Lyrica
CV
Gabapentin/Pregablin is renally adjusted
YES
What is generic of Lamictal
Lamotrigine
What is MOA of Lamotrigine
Blocks Na+
What is couseling pt with Lamotrigine
monitor for rash at least the first 8 wks of thearpy
What is MAJOR DI with lamotrigine
valproic acid
What is the generic of Wellbutrin
Bupropion
What is generic of Zyban
Buproprion (smoking cessation
What is MAJOR contraindication of Buproption
seizures and eating disotrders
What is MOA of Bupropion
inhibits reuptake of DA and NE (increases)
What Antidepressant does NOT cause sexual dysdunction
bupropion
What are the brand names of Albuterol
ProAir
Ventolin
Proventil
What is MOA of Albuterol
B2 agoinst (binds to recpetors on broncial smooth muscle causing relaxation
What is generic of Foasmax
Alendronate
What is MOA of Fosamax
Bisphophosnate

Inhibits osteoclast activity
Why must Fosamax be taken with 8oz of water 30 minutes before food/drink and remain upright for 30 minutes
risk for esophagitits and poor absorption
What must also be supplemented with Fosamax
Calcium/Vitamin D
What CrCl should Bisphophnates be avoided in
CrCl <35
What is the generic of Zyloprim
Allopurinol
What is MOA of Allopurinol
Xanthine Oxidase inhibitor

(inhibits uric acid syntheisis)
What is role of Allopurinol
only use for prevention of gout
What is a MAJOR DI with Allopurinol
Azathioprine

causes major bone marrow suppresion
What do you monitor for with Allopuriol
skin rash/hypersenstivity
What is generic of Xanax
Alprazolam
What is MOA of Xanax (Alprazolam)
GABA agoinst
What length of time should Xanax no longer be abruptly discontinued
>3-4 weeks will cause withdrawl
What should you counsel to avoid use with
alcohol
What is pregnancy category of Xanax (Alprazolam)
Pregnancy D
What is generic of Elavil
Amitriptyline
What is MOA of Elavil
TCA (inhibits reuptake of 5HT and NE
What are common SE of Elavil
Anticholingeric (blurry vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention)
Is Elavil a Beer's List medication
YES
What is generic of Norvasc and Class
Amlodipine (Dihydropyridine CCB)
What is MOA of Norvasc
Dihydropridine CCB (blocks Ca+ entry into vascular smooth muscle leading to vasodilation
What is the preferred CCB in ESRD/Dialysis
Amlopdine (nor renally elimiated)
What is generic of Lotrel
Amlodpine/Benazepril
What is MOA Lotrel (Amlodpine/Benazepril)
ACE I and CCB
What is generic of Abilify
Aripiprazole
What MOA of Abilify
Atypical antipsyychotic

Partial agoinst of D2, and 5HT receptors
How is Abilify supplied
Tablet, ODT, oral solution, IM
What should you monitor for with Abilify
LIpids, Glucose, acathisia
What is generic of Tenormin
Atenolol
What is MOA of Tenormin
Selective Beta 1 Blocker

Blocks binding of NE to receptors in heart and Kindey,
Is Tenormin FDA approved for HF
NO
What should you monitor for with Tenormin
BP, HR
Tenormin (Atenolol) is a hydrophilic beta blockers and thus
renally eliminated
What disease states should Beta blockers be used in caution with
PVD or claudicaiton
How much can Lipitor (Atrovastatin) lower LDL cholesterol
50-55%
What should you moinitor while on Lipitor
LFT (hold >3x ULN), S/S myopathy, Rhabo, Lipids
Drug intearctions with Lipitor
Drugs that inhibit CYP3A4 (Azoles, Ery-Tab, Clarthromiycin)

PI---ok in low dose 10mg
What is Pregnancy Cateory of Lipitor
X
What is gneric of Zmax or Zithromax
Azithromycin
What is drug class of Aithromycin
Macrolide
Binds to 50S ribosomal subnits and inhibits protein synthesis
How is Azithromycin supplied
Tablet, Suspension, IV
What is main role of Macrolides
Chalmydia, MAC, URI
Can you replace Zpak for clarithromycin in H Pylori
NO
Does ZPak have any drug interactions
NO---think Clarithromycin
What is generic of Suboxone
Buprenoprhine/Naloxone
What is control of Suboxone
CIII
Why is Suboxone formulated with Naloxone
so if try to use by IV, naloxone would antagoinst opioid receptors
How is Suboxone taken
sublingually
What is role of Suboxone
maintenance treatment of opioid dependence
Who can prescribed suboxone
only prescribeers with an X
What eye ointment is used on all babies at birth
Erythromycin

prevent opthalmia neonatorum
What is generic of Soma
Carisoprodol
What is MOA of Soma
Skeletal muscle relaxant
What is generic of Coreg
Carvediolol
What is MOA of Coreg
Non-selective BB, and alpha 1 blocker
Carvediolol IR is dose BID, what CR is dosed
once daily
What is starting dose of Carvediolol for heart failure
3.125 mg BID, and tirtrate every 1-2 weeks to avoid causing decompensations
What is goal tirtation of Carvediolol in HF
25 mg BID
What should you mointor on Carvediolol
HR, BP
What is generic of Celebrex
Celecoxib
What is MOA of Celebrax
Selective COX-2 inhibitior
What allergy should Celebrex be avoided in
SULFA allergy
Who should Celebrex be used in caution with
CV disease, HF, HTN, GI or renal disease
Keflex is only available as
oral formulation
What is MOA/Drug class of Keflex
Beta-Lactam, 1st generation Cephalosporin
What is MOA of Cipo (Ciprofloxacin)
Floroquinolone

Inhibits DNA gyrase preventing DNA replication and repair
What are 2 Floroquinolones that cover Pseduomonas
Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin
When do you renal dose Fluorquinolones
CrCl <50
What is major couseling point with floroquinolones
avoids di or tri-valent Cations (Ca+, Mg)
Should you avoid flouoquinolones in pregancy
YES, C
What is generic of Celexa
Citalopram
How long does Celexa take before efficacy
3-4 weeks
What SSRI has the least DI
Citalopram
Is sexual dysfunction a common problem with SSRI
YES
Should you avoid aburpt DC of all SSRI
YES
What is generic of Klonopin
Clonazepam
What is generic of Plavix
Clopidogrel
What is MOA of Plavix
Anti-platlet

Blocks ADP on prevetion, preventing platlet aggregation
What is monitoring with Plavix
signs/symptoms of bleeding
Plavix is a pro-drug what is problems
DI---especially PPI (omeprazole/lansoprazole) or any drugs that inhibit CYP2C19
What should patient also get with getting stent in addition to Plavix
ASA (12 moths DES)
1 month for BMS
How long should plavix be stopped prior to CABG
5 days becuase increase risk of bleeding
What is generic of Premarin
Conjugated Estrogen
What is role of Premarin
hot flash control, and symptoms of menopauses
Conjugated estrogens should be use at the lowest dose and shortest duration, what are contraindications
VTE, vascular disease, hx of breast cancer
Flexeril (Cyclobenzaprine) MOA
Skeletal muscle relaxant, ALSO inhibitts 5HT NE uptake
Cyclobenzabrine is sturucally similar to TCA, so increase risk for
serotonin syndrome
What are common SE of Cycloenzprine
Sedation, drowiness--avoid alcohol
What is generic of Adderall
Dextoamphetamine
WHat is MOA of Adderall
Stimulant (Blocks reuptake of NE/DA, and stimulates CNS
What is monitoring for Adderall
appetits, weight, BP, HR
What is the generic of Vibramycin?
Doxycycline
What is the generic of Doryx?
Doxycycline
WHat is MOA of Doxycycline
Tetracycline
inhbits 30S ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis
Can Doxycycline be used for MRSA infections
YES, outpatients
What age must children be to use tetracycline and why NOT used in pregnancy!
>8 yrs becuase causes yellowing of teeth
What are the MAJOR DI with Tetracycline
Chelate avoid taking with antacids, Ca, Ma, iron (decrease absoprtion)
What is generic of Yaz
Dorspirenone/EE
What drug class if YAZ
COC
Who should avoid Combined oral contraceptives
pts who smoke and >35, history of DVT, or hypercoagulale
WHat is Drospirenone derived from
Sprionolactone (anti-androgeneic) watch out for HyperKalemia
What is generic of Cymbalta
Duloxetine
WHat is MOA
SNRI
What are role of Cymbalta in treatment
GAD, Depression, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia muscleskeltal pain
What is Monitoring of Cymbatla
BP (SNRI)
What are major DI with PPI
avoid with itraconazole, ketoconazole, and atazanavir
What is generic of Lunesta
Eszopiclone
What is drug class of Eszopicolone (Lunesta)
Gaba like agoinst
What is couseling points with Lunesta
unpleasant tase, avoid other CNS deperssants
What is generic of Zetia
Ezetimibe
What is MOA of Zetia
cholesterol absorption inhibitor
What is negative to using Zetia
no data available to support decreased mortaility
What are the brand names of Fenofibrate
Tricor, Triglide, Fenoglide, Lofibra
What is MOA of Fenofibrate
Fibric acid dervative or PPAR-alpha
What are CONS of Fenfibrate
NO mortality data supporting use
Does Fenofibrate have drug interactions with statins like gemfibrozil
NO
What is generic of Allegra
Fexofenadine
What is MOA of Allegra
H1 antagoinst (2nd generation)

does NOT cross the BBB, so minial sedation
What is generic of Diflucan
Fluconazole
What is MOA of Diflucan
Inhbits Ergosterol synthesis
What is the main role if Diflucan
vaginal yeast infections (1x dose)
What are MAJOR DI with fluconazole
CYP2C9, and CYP3A4
What does Prozac a strong inhibitor of, and why problem
CYP2D6, avoid use with atomoxetine, tramadol, tamoxifen
What is generic of Flovent HFA
Fluticasone
What is improtant couseling point prior to use of Flonase (Fluticasone)
Clear Nasal passages before dose is given
What is generic of Advair
Fluticasone/Salmeterol
What is MOA/Drug Class
Inhaled Corticosteriod/LABA
What vitamin is Folic Acid
B9 (water soluble vitamin)
What is main role of folic acid
pregancy prevents spina bifida
What is MOA of Lasix
Inhibits Na/K+ symporter in the Loop of Henle
What do you monitor on Lasix
BP, Electrolytes (K, Mg, Ca, Na)
Does Gabapentin require renal dosage adjustment
YES
What is generic of Glynase or Diabetea, Micronase, PresTab
Glyburide
What is MOA of Glynase (Glybrudie)
Sulfonylurea (Binds to the Sulfonlurea receptor on pancreatic beta stimuates and stimulates glucose INDEPENDENT insulin secretion
What are adverse effect of Diabeta
hypoglycemia, weight gain
What CrCL should you avoid Glyburide
<50ml
What is generic of Cheratussin AC
Guaifensein/Codeine
What is Class/MOA
Expectorant/Cough Suppresant
Codeine plays the role as cough suppressant, what cough is it not recommended
productive
What is generic of Microzide or Esidrix
HCTZ
What is MOA of Microzide (HCTZ)
Inhibits Na/Cl symporter in DCT
Who should avoid be treated with HCTZ
patients with gout (increase uric acid levels)
What is generic of Lortab/Vicodin
Hydocodone/APAP
What control level is Vicodin
CIII
What is Hydrocodone metabolized to
Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
What is generic of Ismo, MonoKet
Isosorbide Mononitrate
What is MOA of Imdur/Ismo
Vasodilator

relaxes smooth smooth (reduces preload)
What formulation of Isosorbide is dosed BID
Mononitrate
What formulation is once daily
Imdur
SE of Isosorbide
Hypotension, HA, dizzines
WHat is MAJOR DI with Isosorbide
not to use with PDE-5 inhibitors because of profound risk for hypotension/shock
What is generic of Xalatan
Latanoprost
What is MOA of Xalatan
Antiglucoma/prostaglandin analog
Xalatan is eye drop applied once daily for glaucoma, what are SE
changes color of the eye, eyelid and/or eyelashes
What is generic of Synthroid, LEvoxyl
Levothyroxine
What is MOA of Levoxyl
Synthetic T4
What is monitoring of Levoxyl
TSH after 6-8 weeks after starting or DOSE change
Levoxyl is ideally taken once daily on empty stomach prior to breakfast, however what should they always avoid
Ca/Mg Ir, and binds
What is generic of Vynase
Lisdexafetamine
What is MOA of Vyvanse
Stimulate (stimulates release of NE and DA)
What is generic of Zestoretic
Lisinopril/HCTZ
What is generic of Ativan
Lorazepam
Ativan is benzodiazepine, what are role for treatment
Anxeity, status eplieticus, alcohol withdrawl
What is generic of Hyzaar
Lorsartan/HCTZ
What is generic of Mevacor
Lovastatin
What are the big drug interactions with Mevacor
major CYP3A4 substrate, interaction with inhibitors
Verapamil, amiodarone, PI, Azole/Ery-tab, Clarthromycin,
What is generic of Antivert
Meclizine
What is MOA of Antivert
1st generic antihistamine/antimetic
What is role of meclizine
motion sickness, dizziness, morning sickness
What is generic of Mobic
Meloxicam
What MOA of Mobic
NSAID (more cox 2 selective)
How often is Mobic doses
ONCE daily
What do you monitor on Mobic
BP, Renal function, Gastritics,
Who should NOT take NSAID
prior ulcers, renal failure, HF, and uncontrolled HTN, pregancy (especially 3rd trimester)
What is generic of Glucophage, Fortamet
Metformin
What is MOA of Glucophage
Biguanide, inhibits hepatic glucose production, and improves insulin senstivity
What are contraindications of Glucophage
Cr 1.5 or greater in men and Cr 1.4 or greater in women, and IODINATED contrast
WHat is generic of Concerta
Methylphenidate
What is MOA of Concerta
Stimulate (increase DA/NE
What is generic of Medrol
Methylprednisolone
What are SE of Medrol
Edema, hyperglycemia, osteoprosis, cataracts, ulcers, impaired wound healing, CNS stimulation, avascular necrosis (bone breaking off )
What is generic of Toprol
Metoprolol Succinate
What is generic of Lopressor
Metoprolol Tartarte
What is generic of Nasonex
Mometasone
What is generic of Mobic
Meloxicam
What is MOA
NSAID (COX inhibitor) more seleective COX-2 inhibition
What is generic of Singulair
Montelukast
What is MOA of Singulair
Luekotriene receptor antagoinst
Singular comes in regular and chewable tablets
YES
What age can peds start Singulair
6 months, and 12 months
What is generic of Niaspan
Niacin
What is the major SE of Niaspan and how to treat
Flushing, decrease with taking 325 mg ASA 30 minutes before doase
What is Adverse Effects/Cautions with using Niaspan
Increases uric acid, and glucose levels, and monitor LFTs
What is generic of Zyprexa
Olanzapine
What is MOA of Zyprexa
Dopamine and 5HT antagonist, and also antagoinst activity on histamine
What are adverse effects of Zyprexa
WEIGHT, cardio-metabolic effect
What is generic of Benicar
Olmesartan
What is MOA of Benicar
ARB, inhbit ATII receptor 1
What is generic of Benicar HCT
Olmesartan/HCTZ (ACE/ARB)
What is the generic of Lovaza
Omega 3 fatty acid
What allegry should pts avoid Lovaza
Shellfish/fish
What is generic of Tamiflu
Oseltamivir
What is MOA of Oseltamivir
Antiviral (neurmainidase inhibitor)
Tamiflu treats both influenza A and B, and is effective for both treatment/prophylaxis if begun within - hours of onset/exposure
48 hours
Treatment of Tamiflu duration
5 days
What is prophylaxis of Tamiflu duration
10 days
What is generic of Oxycontin
Oxycodone ER (IN means extended release)
What is generic of Percocet
Oxycodone/APAP
What is controlled status of Percocet/Endocet/Tylox
CII
What generic of Paxil
Paroxetine
Paxil is a strong inhibitor of CYP2D6 so caution with the following medications
Atomoxetine, tramadol, and tamoxifen
What is the only SSRI that is preganacy category D
Paxil
What is generic of Actos
Pioglitazone
What is MOA of Actos
TZD (PPAR-Gamma)
What are cautions/adverse effects of Actos
Peripheral edema, weight gain, and containdicated in Class III/IV HF, and increase fracture risk
What is generic of Pravachol
Pravastatin
What is generic of Phenergan
Promethazine
What is drug class of Phenergan
Antiemetic/1st generic antihistamine
How can Phenergan be given
ORALLY (also elixir), IM, IV

NOT SUBQ
What are SE of Phenergan
sedation/drowsiness, and CNS depression, pseduoparkinsonism, and anticholingeric SE
What is generic of Seroquel
Quetiapine
What is MOA of Seroquel
Atypical antipsychotic

antagoinism of 5HT/DA
Role of Seroquel
Bipolar, SCZ, and ICU delirium
What is BBW of Seroquel as well as other antipsychotics
warning use in elderly with dementia increases mortality
What is generic of Aciphex
Rabeprazole
What is MOA of Aciphex
PPI (inhibits H/K_ ATPase pump0
What is generic of Evista
Raloxifene
What is MOA of Evista
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (agoinst of estrogen receptor on bones (ANTAGONIST on uterus/breast)
Raloxifene (Evista) can be used for osteoporosis, but also commonly used for what
decrease risk of invasive breast cancer
What are cautions/contraindications with use of Evista
History of VTE/Breast cancer
What is generic of Altace
Ramipril
What is generic of Zantac and MOA
Rantidine H2 antagonist
What happends during M phase.
M phase (cell division), mitosis and cytokinesis occur, producing two daughter cells.
What is generic of Actonel
Risdronate
What is MOA Actonel
Biphosphonate

Inhibits osteoclast activity
What is generic of Crestor
Rousvastatin
What is generic of Sertraline
Zoloft
What is generic of Vigara
Sildenafil
What is MOA of Viagra
PDE 5 inhibits
Viagra is contraidicted in with what other day
nitrates!!
What is generic of Zocor
Simvastatin
What is MOA of Zocor
HMG co reductase inhibit
Zocor should be avoided with what other drug
PI, verampil, amiodarone, gemfibrozil, Azoles, Ery, Clarithromycin
What is generic of Vytorin
Simvastatin/Ezetimibe
What is generic of Januvia
Sitagliptin
WHat is MOA Januvia
DDP-IV inhibitor
Bactrim MOA
Inhibits folic acid synthesis, and DHFR
Bactrim is DOC in what type if HIV pts
PCP
Should Bactrim be avoided in pts with G6PD
YES can cause hemolysis and jaundice, fatigue
What is generic of Cilalis
Tadalafil
What PDE-5 inhibitor has a long-half life
Cilais/Tadalfil
What is generic of Ultram
Tramadol
Should tramadol be avoided in pts with seizures?
YES
What is MOA Trazadone
Serotoin reuptake inhibtior
What is generic of Maxzide/DYazide
Triamterene/HCTZ
What is MOA Maxzide/Dyazide
Thiazide and K+ sparring diuretic
What is generic of Valtrex
Valacyclovir
What is MOA Valtrex
inhibit viral DNA synthesis
Valtrex is a progdrug of
Acyclovir
What is generic of Diovan HCT
Valsartan/HCTZ
What is generic of Calan SR
Verapamil
What is MOA of Calan SR
CCB (NON-dihydropyridine)
Why is Verapamil contraindicated in HF
decrease inotropy
What are SE of Verapamil
constipation, peripheral edema
Are there drug interaction with Verapamil, why
substrate and inhibitor of CYP3A4