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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. Hair services that cause a chemical change that permanently alters the natural wave pattern of the hair is called:
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b) chemical texture services
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2. A strong, compact cuticle makes for:
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c) resistant hair
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3. Porous, damaged, or chemically treated hair requires a perm solution that is:
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d) less alkaline
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4. Changing the natural wave pattern of the hair is made possible by the breaking of the:
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a) side bonds
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5. Of the three types of side bonds, disulfide bonds are the:
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b) strongest
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6. Salt bonds are easily broken by:
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c) changes in pH
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7. An example of a physical change is a:
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d) wet set
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8. Hydrogen bonds are very weak, but they account for about __ of the hairs total strength.
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b) 1/3
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9. By making a point of keeping accurate, up-to-date client records, you will:
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c) improve your technical skills
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10. The most important factors to consider in a hair analysis for chemical texture services are texture, density, porosity, elasticity, and:
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d) growth direction
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11. Hair texture is described with the terms:
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b) coarse, medium, and fine
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12. When treated with chemical texture services, coarse hair is usually:
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c) harder to penetrate
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13. The hair texture that is the most fragile and easiest to process with permanent waving solution is:
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a) fine hair
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14. The single most important factor in determining the ability of hair to hold a curl is its:
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b) elasticity
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15. Wet hair with normal elasticity can stretch up to __ percent of its original length and then return to that length without breaking.
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a) 50
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16. The first part of any perm, wrapping the hair on perm rods, causes a/an:
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d) physical change
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17. The second part of any perm, the application of waving solution and neutralizer, causes a:
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b) chemical change
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18. The major difference between a wet set and a perm is the:
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d) type of side bonds broken
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19. The size of the perm tool determines the:
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c) size of the curl
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20. Wrapping the hair on small tools increases the:
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a) tension
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21. For perm wrapping, the hair is divided into panels, then into:
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d) base sections
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22. The position of the tool in relation to its base section is called:
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a) base control
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23. Base control is determined by the angle:
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d) at which the hair is wrapped
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24. The hair is wrapped at an angle 45 degrees beyond perpendicular to its base section in:
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b) on-base placement
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25. In off-base placement, the hair is wrapped __ to its base section.
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c) 45 degrees below perpendicular
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26. Because it places additional stress and tension on the hair, caution should be used with:
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d) on-base placement
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27. Of the various base controls, the least amount of volume is created by using:
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a) off-base placement
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28. The angle at which the perm tools positioned on the head is referred to as the:
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d) base direction
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29. The wrapping technique in which the hair is wrapped from the ends to the scalp in overlapping layers is called:
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b) croquignole wrapping
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30. In the spiral perm wrapping technique, the hair is wrapped:
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c) at an angle other than perpendicular
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31. Rods with a smaller circumference in the center than at the ends are called:
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d) concave rods
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32. Rods with the same circumference along their entire length or curling area are called:
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a) straight rods
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33. The distinguishing feature of soft bender rods is that they can be:
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c) bent into many shapes
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34. Circle tools or loop rods are ideal for:
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d) spiral wrapping very long hair
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35. End wraps are absorbent papers used when winding hair on perm tools to:
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a) control the hair ends
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36. When you place one end paper over the top of the hair strand as you wrap it around the perm tool, it is called a:
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b) single flat wrap
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37. When you fold one end paper in half over the hair ends like an envelope, it is called a:
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a) bookend wrap
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38. The end paper technique that provides the most control over the hair ends and keeps them evenly distributed is the:
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d) double flat wrap
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39. Permanent waving solution breaks the disulfide bonds in the cortex through a chemical reaction called:
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c) reduction
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40. In permanent waving solutions, thiol compounds act as:
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a) reducing agents
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41. Ammonium thioglycolate is produced by adding __ to thioglycolic acid.
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d) ammonia
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42. Alkaline waves are also called:
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c) cold waves
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43. Most true acid waves:
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d) require heat to speed processing
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44. Most of the acid waves in today's salons have a pH between:
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b) 7.8 and 8.2
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45. Permanent waves that require heat from an outside source, usually a hair dryer, are called:
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c) endothermic
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46. One benefit of ammonia-free waves is that they:
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b) have no unpleasant ammonia odour
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47. In permanent waving, most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair, within the first:
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a) 5 to 10 minutes
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48. Complete saturation of the hair is essential to proper processing in all permanent waves, but especially on:
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d) resistant hair
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49. a properly processed permanent wave should break and rebuild about __ percent of the hair's disulfide bonds.
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a) 50
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50. If the hair is underprocessed:
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d) too few disulfide bonds are broken
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51. Neutralizer performs two functions, deactivating any remaining waving solution in the hair and:
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a) rebuilding broken disulfide bonds
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52. The chemical reaction involved in neutralizing is:
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c) oxidation
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53. Perm solution should be rinsed from the hair for at least:
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d) five minutes
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54. Perm solution should be rinsed from the hair before neutralizing to avoid scalp irritation and:
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b) lightening the hair colour
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55. After rinsing perm solution from the hair, the next step is to:
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c) blot the rods with towels
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56. An optional step after blotting the hair and before applying neutralizer is to:
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a) apply a pre-neutralizing conditioner
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57. The hydrogen atoms in the broken disulfide bonds are so strongly attracted to the oxygen in the neutralizer that they release their bond with the:
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a) sulfur atoms
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58. Unless the scalp is irritated, hair that has just been permed may be coloured with:
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b) demipermanent haircolour
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59. It is safe to perm hair that:
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d) has been treated with thio relaxer
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60. Metallic salts leave a coating on the hair that may cause severe discoloration, hair breakage, or:
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a) uneven curls
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61. To test for metallic salts in the hair, immerse at least 20 strands in a mixture of peroxide and:
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d) ammonia
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62. The basic perm wrap is also called a:
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c) straight set wrap
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63. The perm wrap that creates a movement that curves within sectioned-out panels is the:
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d) curvature perm wrap
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64. Zigzag partings are used to divide base areas in the perm wrapping technique called the:
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c) weave technique
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65. The double tool perm technique is also called the:
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d) piggyback wrap
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66. The spiral perm technique:
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b) produces a uniform curl from scalp to ends
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67. To determine the proper processing time needed for optimal curl development, you should do:
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a) preliminary test curls
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68. When giving a partial perm, you can make a smooth transition from a rolled to an unrolled section by using a __ as the last tool next to an unrolled section.
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d) larger tool
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69. The process of rearranging the basic structure of extremely curly hair into a straight form is called:
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c) chemical hair relaxing
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70. Chemical hair relaxing is very similar to:
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b) permanent waving
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71. All relaxers and permanents change the shape of the hair by:
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d) breaking disulfide bonds
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72. Most relaxers contain the same ingredients used in:
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c) depilatories
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73. Extremely curly hair:
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b) has varying diameters
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74. Extremely curly hair is weakest at the:
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d) twists
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75. Thio relaxers:
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a) have a pH above 10
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76. Each step in the pH scale represents a __ change in concentration.
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d) tenfold
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77. Hydroxide relaxers remove one atom of sulfur from a disulfide bond and convert it into a lanthionine bond in a process called:
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c) lanthionization
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78. The disulfide bonds that are broken by hydroxide relaxers:
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a) can never be re-formed
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79. The neutralization of hydroxide relaxers involves the use of:
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b) acid-balanced shampoo
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80. If you have treated a client's hair with a hydroxide relaxer, it cannot be treated with:
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c) soft curl permanents
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81. Metal hydroxide relaxers are ionic compounds formed by a metal combined with:
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d) oxygen and hydrogen
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82. Sodium hydroxide relaxers are commonly called:
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b) lye relaxers
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83. A chemical relaxer that straightens the hair completely but with much less scalp irritation than other hydroxide relaxers is:
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a) guanidine hydroxide relaxer
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84. Chemical relaxers marketed as mild alternative relaxers are:
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d) sulfites
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85. Mild strength relaxers are recommended for fine, damaged, or:
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c) colour-treated hair
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86. The application for a virgin relaxer begins:
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a) 1/4" to 1/2" away from the scalp
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87. Relaxer should be applied to the most resistant area first, which is usually the:
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c) back of the head
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88. Normalizing solutions are conditioners with an acidic pH that are used in a relaxing procedure:
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a) prior to shampooing
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89. To determine if the hair is sufficiently relaxed, do:
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b) periodic strand testing
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90. To neutralize hydroxide relaxer, shampoo the hair with an acid-balanced shampoo at least:
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a) three times
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91. A soft curl permanent:
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b) makes existing curls larger
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92. A Jheri curl or soft curl permanent is a combination of a thio relaxer and:
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d) a thio permanent
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93. In a soft curl permanent, the hair is first relaxed, then wrapped:
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a) on horizontal base sections
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94. When applying a hydroxide relaxer:
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d) do not shampoo first
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95. You should not attempt to remove more than __ of the natural curl with chemical relaxing.
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b) 80%
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