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311 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
ankyl/o |
stiff joint
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arthr/o |
joint
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articul/o
|
joint
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burs/o
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sac
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carp/o |
wrist
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cervic/o |
neck
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chondr/o
|
cartilage
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clavicul/o
|
clavicle
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coccyg/o
|
coccyx
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cortic/o
|
outer portion
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cost/o |
rib
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crani/o
|
skull
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femor/o
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femur
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fibul/o
|
fibula
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humer/o
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humerus
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ili/o |
ilium
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ischi/o
|
ischium
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kyph/o
|
hump
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lamin/o
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lamino, part of vertebra
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lord/o |
bent backwards
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lumb/o |
low back, loin
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mandibul/o
|
mandible
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maxill/o
|
maxilla
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medull/o
|
inner portion
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metacarp/o
|
metacarpals
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metatars/o |
metatarsals
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myel/o
|
bone marrow, spinal cord
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orth/o
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straight
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oste/o
|
bone
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patell/o |
patella
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ped/o |
child, foot
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pelv/o |
pelvis |
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phalang/o
|
phalanges
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pod/o
|
foot
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prosthet/o |
addition
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pub/o |
pubis
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radi/o |
radius, ray (x-ray)
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sacr/o |
sacrum
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sarc/o
|
flesh (muscular substance)
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scapul/o |
scapula
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scoli/o |
crooked, bent
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spin/o
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spine
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spondyl/o
|
vertebrae
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stern/o
|
sternum
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synovi/o |
synovial membrane
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synov/o
|
synovial memebrane
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tars/o |
snkle
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thorac/o
|
chest
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tibi/o
|
tibia
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uln/o |
ulna
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vertebr/o
|
vertebra
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-blast |
immature, embyonic
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-clasia
|
to surgically break
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-desis
|
stabilize, fuse
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-listhesis |
slipping
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-porosis
|
porous
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cutane/o |
skin
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erythr/o
|
red
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system/o |
system
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-ac
|
pertaining to
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-al
|
pertaining to
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-algia |
pain
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-ar
|
pertaining to
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-ary |
pertaining to
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-centesis
|
puncture to withdraw fluid
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-eal |
pertaining to
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-ectomy |
surgical removal
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-genic |
producing
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-gram |
record
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-graphy
|
process of recording
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-iatry
|
medical treatment
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-ic |
pertaining to
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-itis |
inflammation
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-listhesis |
slipping
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-logy
|
study
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-malacia
|
softening
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-metry |
process of measuring
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-oma |
tumor
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-ory |
pertaining to
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-osis
|
abnormal condition
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-otomy
|
cutting into
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-ous |
pertaining to
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-pathy |
disease
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-plasty |
surgical repair
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-porosis
|
porous
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-scope
|
instrument for viewing
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-scopy |
process of visually examining
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-stenosis |
narrowing
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-tic |
pertaining to
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-tome
|
instrument used to cut
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anti-
|
against
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bi- |
two
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ex- |
external, outward
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inter- |
between
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intra-
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inside
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per-
|
through
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sub- |
below, under
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-clasia |
surgically break
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-desis |
fuse |
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synovial joints |
freely moving joints |
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cartilaginous joints |
allow slight movement but holds bones firmly in place by a solid piece of cartliage.
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fibrous joints |
allow no movement; joined by fibrous tissue or may be 1 solid bone |
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chiropractic |
healthcare profession concerned with diagnosis and treatment of malalignment conditions of the spine and musculoskeletal system with the intention of affecting the nervous system and improving health. (chiropractor) |
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orthopedics |
branch of medicine specialiing in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions of the musculoskeletal system; also called orthopedic surgery. physician is an orthopedist or orthopedic surgeon. |
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orthotics |
healthcare profession specializing in making orthopedic appliance such as braces and splints. person skilled in making and adjusting these appliances is an orthotist |
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podiatry |
healthcare profession speacializing in diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the feet and lower legs. healthcare profession= podiatrist |
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prosthetics |
healthcare profession specializing in making artificial body parts. person skilled in making and adjusting protheses is a prosthetist |
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arthralgia |
joint pain |
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bursitis |
inflammation of a bursa |
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callus |
the mass of bone tissue that forms at a fracture site during its healing |
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chondromalacia |
softening of the cartilage |
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crepitation |
the noise produced by bones and cartilage rubbing together in conditions such as arthritus. also called crepitus |
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ostealgia |
bone pain |
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osteomyelitis |
inflammation of the bone and bone marrow |
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synovitis |
inflammation of the synovial membrane |
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closed fracture |
fracture in which there is no open skin wound also called a simple fracture |
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colles' fracture |
a common type of wrist fracture |
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comminuated fracture |
fracture in which the bone is shattered, splintered, or crushed into many small pieces or fragments |
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compound fracture |
fracture in which the skin has been broken through to the fracture also called a open fracture |
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compression fracture |
fracture involving loss of height of a vertebral body. it may be the result of trauma, but in older people, especially women, it may be caused by conditions like osteoporosis |
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fracture |
a broken bone |
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greenstick fracture |
fracture in which there is an incomplete break; one side of the bone is broken and the other bent. this type of fracture is commonly foun in children due to their softer and more pliable bone structure |
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impacted fracture |
fracture in which bone fragments are pushed into each other |
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olique fracture |
fracture at an angle to the bone |
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pathologic |
fracture caused by disease or weakend bone |
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spiral fracture |
fracture in which the fracture line spirals around the shaft of the bone. can be caused by a twisting injury and is often slower to heal that other types of fractures |
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stress fracture |
a slight fracture caused by repetitive low-impact forces like running, rather that a single forceful impact |
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transverse fracture |
complete fracture that is straight across the bone at right angles to the long axis of the bone |
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chondroma |
tumor in the cartilage |
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ewing's sarcoma |
malignant growth found in the shaft of long bones that spreads through the periosteum. removal is the treatment of choice because this tumor will metastasize or spread to other organs
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exostosis |
a bone spur |
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myeloma |
a tumor that forms in bone marrow tissue |
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osteochondroma |
a tumor, usually benign, that consists of both bone and cartilage tissue |
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osteogenic sarcoma |
the most common type of bone cancer. usually begins in the osteocytes found at the ends of long bones |
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osteomalacia |
softening of the bone |
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osteopathy |
a general term for bone disease |
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osteoporosis |
the bone becomes porous |
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paget's disease |
a fairly common metabolic disease of the one from unknown causes |
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rickets |
deficiency in calcium and vit D found in early childhood that results in bone deformities, especially bowed legs |
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ankylosing spondylitis |
inflammatory spinal condition resembling rhematoid arthritis and result in gradual stiffening and fusion of vertebrae. more common in men than women. |
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herniated nucleus pulposus |
herniation or protrusion of an intervertebral disk; also called herniated disk or ruptured disk. may require surgery |
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kyphosis |
abnormal increase in the outward curvature of th thoracic spine. also known as a hunchback or humpback. |
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lordosis |
abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine also known as swayback |
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scoliosis |
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
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spina bifida |
congenital anomaly occurring when the vertebra fails to fully form around the spinal cord |
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spinal stenosis |
narrowing of the spinal canal causing pressure on the cord and nerves |
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spndylolisthesis |
the forward sliding of lumbar vertebra over the vertebra below it |
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spondylosis |
refers to ankylosing of the spine |
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whiplash |
cervical muscle and ligament sprain or strain as a result of sudden movement froward and backward of the head and neck |
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bunion |
inflammation of the bursa of the big toe |
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dislocation |
occurs when the bones in a joint are displaced from their normal alignment and the ends of the bones are no longer in contact |
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osteoarthritis |
arthritis resulting in degeneration of the bones and joints, especially those bearing weight |
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rheumatoid arthritis |
chronic form of arthritis with inflammation of the joints, swelling, stiffness, pain, and changes in the cartilage that can result in crippling deformities; considered autoimmune disease |
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sprain |
damage to the ligaments surrounding a joint due to overstretching, but no dislocation of the joint or fracture of the bone |
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subluxation |
an incomplete dislocation, the joint alignment is disrupted, but the ends of the bones remain in contact |
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systemic lupus erythematosus |
chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of connective tissue affecting many systems that may include joint pain and arthritis. may be mistaken for rheumatoid arthritis. |
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talipes |
congenital deformity causing misalignment of the ankle joint and foot. also referred to as clubfoot.
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arthogram |
x-ray record of a joint; usually taken after the joint has been injected by contrast medium |
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arthrography |
process or x-raying a joint; usually after injecting a contrasting medium |
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bone scan |
nuclear medicine procedure in which the patient is given radioactive dye and then scanning equipment is used to visualize the bones. stress fractures, observing process of treatment for osteomyelitis, and locating cancer metastases to the bone |
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dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA) |
measure of bone density using low dose x-ray for the purpose of identifying osteoporosis |
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myelography |
study of the spinal column after injecting opaque contrast material; particularly useful in identifying herniated nucleus pulposus pinching a spinal nerve |
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radiography |
diagnostic imaging procedure using x-rays to study the internal structure of the body; especially useful for visualizing bones and joints |
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arthroscope |
instrument used to view inside a joint |
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arthoscopy |
examination of the interior of a joint |
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arthrocentesis |
removing fluid from a joint using a needle |
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orthotic |
orthopedic appliance such as a brace |
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prosthesis |
artificial device |
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amputation |
partial or complete removal of a limb |
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arthroclasia |
to forcibly break a fused joint |
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arthrodesis |
procedure to stabilize a joint by fusing the bones together |
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arthroscopic surgery |
performing surgery while using an arthroscope to view the internal structure such a joint |
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arthrotomy |
surgical procedure that cuts into a joint capsule |
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bone graft |
piece of bone taken from the patient used to take the place of a removed bone or a bone defect at another site |
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bunionectomy |
removal of the bursa at the joint of the great toe |
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bursectomy |
surgical removal of the bursa |
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chondrectomy |
surgical removal of cartilage |
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chrondroplasty |
surgical repair of the cartilage |
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craniotomy |
surgical procedure that cuts into the skull |
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laminectomy |
removal of the vertebral posterior arch to correct severe back problems and pain caused by compression of a spinal nerve |
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osteoclasia |
surgical procedure involving the intentional breaking of the bone to correct a deformity |
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osteotomy |
surgical procedure that cuts into bone |
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percutaneous diskectomy |
a thin catheter tube is inserted into the intervertebral disk through the skin and the herniated or ruptured disk material is sucked out or a laser is used to vaporize it |
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spinal fusion |
surgical immobilization of adjacent vetebrae. |
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synovectomy |
surgical removal of the synovial membrane |
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total hip arthroplasty |
surgical reconstruction of a hip by implating a prosthetic or artificial hip joint THR |
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total knee arthoplasty |
surgical reconstruction of a knee joint by implanting a prostetic knee joint TKR |
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cast |
application of solid material |
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fixation |
procedure to stabilize |
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reduction |
correcting a fracture |
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traction |
applying a pulling force on a fractured or dislocated limb or the vertebral column in order to restore normal alignment |
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bone reabsorption inhibitors |
reduce reabsorption of bone such as osteoporosis, and paget's disease |
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calcium supplements and vit d therapy |
maintain high levels; osteomalacia, osteoporosis, and rickets
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corticosteroids |
strong anti-inflammatory; rheumatoid arthritis |
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nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
mild pain relief |
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AE |
above elbow |
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AK |
above knee |
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BDT |
bone density testing |
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BE |
below elbow |
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BK |
below knew |
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BMD |
bone mineral density |
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C1,C2, ECT. |
cervial vertebra |
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L1,L2, ETC. |
lumbar vertebra |
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LE |
lower extremities |
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LLE |
left lower extremities |
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LUE |
left upper extremities |
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NSAID |
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
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Orth, ortho |
orthopedics |
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RA |
rheumatoid arthritis |
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RLE |
right lower extremities |
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RUE |
right upper extremities |
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T1,T2,ETC. |
thoracic vertebra |
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TKA |
total knee arthoplasty |
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TKR |
total knee replacement |
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UE |
upper extremities |
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bi/o |
life |
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carp/o |
wrist |
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electr/o |
electricity |
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fasci/o |
fibrous band |
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fibr/o |
fibers |
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kinesi/o |
movement |
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later/o |
side |
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muscul/o |
muscle |
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my/o |
muscle |
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myocardi/o |
heart muscle |
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myos/o |
muscle |
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ten/o |
tendon |
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tend/o |
tendon |
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tendin/o |
tendon |
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-al |
pertaining to |
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-algia |
pain |
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-ar |
pertaining to |
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-asthenia |
weakness |
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-desis |
fuse |
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-dynia |
pain |
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-gram |
record |
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-graphy |
process of viewing |
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-itis |
inflammation |
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-kinesia |
movement |
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-logy |
study of |
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-opsy |
view of |
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-otomy |
cutting into |
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-ous |
pertaining to |
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-pathy |
disease |
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-plasty |
surgical repair |
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-rrhaphy |
suture |
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-rrhexis |
rupture |
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-tonia |
tone |
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-trophy |
development |
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a- |
without |
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brady- |
slow |
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dys- |
abnormal, pain, difficult |
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epi- |
over |
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hyper- |
excessive |
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hypo- |
insufficient |
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poly- |
many |
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pseudo- |
false |
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kinesiology |
study of movement |
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adhesion |
scar tissue forming in the fascia surrounding a muscle, making it difficult to stretch the muscle |
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atonia |
the lack of muscle tone |
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atrophy |
poor muscle development |
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bradykinesia |
slow movement |
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contracture |
abnormal shortening of muscle fibers, tendons, or fascia, making it difficult to stretch the muscle |
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dyskinesia |
having difficult or painful movement |
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dystonia |
having abnormal muscle tone |
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hyperkinesia |
having an excessive amount of movement |
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hypertonia |
having excess muscle tone |
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hypertrophy |
increase in muscle bulk as a result or use, as with lifting weights |
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hypokinesia |
having insufficient movement |
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hypotonia |
having insufficient muscle tone |
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intermittent claudication |
attacks of severe pain and lameness caused by ischemia of the muscles, typically the calf mucscles; brought on by walking even very short distances |
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myalgia |
muscle pain |
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myasthenia |
muscle weakness |
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myotonia |
muscle tone |
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spasm |
sudden, involuntary, strong muscle contraction |
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tenodynia |
tendon pain |
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fasciitis |
inflammation of fascia |
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fibromyalgia |
condition with widespread aching and pain in the muscles and soft tissue |
|
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lateral epicondylitis |
inflammation of the muscle attachment to the lateral epicondyle of the elbow. tennis elbow |
|
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muscular dystrophy |
inheirited disease causing progressive muscle degeneration, weakness, and atrophy |
|
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myopathy |
a general term for muscle disease |
|
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myorrhexis |
tearing a muscle |
|
|
polymyositis |
the simultaneous inflammation of two or more muscles |
|
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pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy |
a type of inherited muscular dystrophy in which the muscle tissue is gradually replaced with fatty tissue, making the muscles look strong. duchenne's muscular dystrophy |
|
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torticollis |
severe neck spasms pulling the head to one side. wryneck or a crick in the neck |
|
|
carpal tunnel syndrome |
repetitive motion disorder with pain caused by compression of the finger flexor tendons and median nerve as they pass through the carpal tunnel of the wrist. |
|
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ganglion cyst |
cyst that forms on the tendon sheath, usually on the hand, wrist, or ankle |
|
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repetitive motion disorder |
group of chronic disorders involving the tendon, muscle, joint, and nerve damage, resulting from the tissue being subjected to pressure, vibration, or repetitive movements for prolonged periods |
|
|
rotator cuff injury |
the rotator cuff consists of the joint capsule of the should joint reinforced by the tendons from several shoulder muscles |
|
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strain |
damage to the muscle, tendons, or ligaments due to overuse or overstretching |
|
|
tendinitis |
inflammation of a tendon |
|
|
creatine phosphokinase CPK |
muscle enzyme found in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle. blood levels become elevated in disorders such as heart attack, muscular dystrophy, and other skeletal muscle pathologies |
|
|
deep tendon reflexes DTR |
muscle contraction in response to a stretch caused by striking the muscle tendon with a reflex hammer. |
|
|
electromyogram EMG |
the hard copy record produced by electromyography |
|
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electromygraphy EMG |
study and record of the strength and quality of muscle contractions as a result of electrical stimulation |
|
|
muscle biopsy |
removal of muscle tissue for pathological examination |
|
|
carpal tunnel release |
surgical cutting of the ligament in the wrist to relieve nerve pressure |
|
|
fasciotomy |
a surgical procedure that cuts into the fascia |
|
|
myoplasty |
a surgical procedure to repair a muscle |
|
|
myorrhaphy |
to suture a muscle |
|
|
tendoplasty |
a surgical procedure to repair a tendon |
|
|
tendotomy |
a surgical procedure that cuts into a tendon |
|
|
tenodesis |
surgical procedure to stabilize a joint by anchoring down the tendons of the muscles that move the joint |
|
|
tenorraphy |
to suture a tendon |
|
|
skeletal muscle relaxants |
medication to relax skeletal muscles in order to reduce muscle spasms |
|
|
CTS |
carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
|
CPK |
creatine phosphokinase |
|
|
DTR |
deep tendon reflex |
|
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EMG |
electromyogram |
|
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IM |
intramuscular |
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|
MD |
muscular dystrophy |
