Chapter 4 Medical Terminology Musculoskeletal System Study Guide

Front 1

How many bones in the body?

Back 1

206

Front 2

Bone Functions (5)

Back 2

1. Support (framework)
2. Protection
3. Storage
4. Makes Blood
5. Movement

Front 3

periosteum

Back 3

outer layer/covering of a bone

Front 4

epiphysis

Back 4

ends of the bone

Front 5

diaphysis

Back 5

main part/shaft of bone

Front 6

bone marrow

Back 6

makes red blood cell

Front 7

foramen

Back 7

opening in the bone

Front 8

zygomatic

Back 8

cheek bone

Front 9

maxillary

Back 9

upper jaw bone

Front 10

mandible

Back 10

lower jaw bone

Front 11

ribs/costals

Back 11

12 attached to vertrabae. 1-7 attach to sternum (true ribs). 8-10 attach to cartilage of the sternum (false ribs) 11-12 are floating

Front 12

sternum

Back 12

breast bone

Front 13

manubrium

Back 13

top of sternum

Front 14

xiphoid

Back 14

bottom of sternum

Front 15

clavicle

Back 15

collar bone

Front 16

scapula

Back 16

shoulder blade

Front 17

acromion

Back 17

tip of the shoulder

Front 18

humerus

Back 18

upper arm bone

Front 19

radius

Back 19

lower arm/thumb side

Front 20

ulna

Back 20

lower arm/pinky side

Front 21

olecranon

Back 21

elbow

Front 22

carpals

Back 22

wrist

Front 23

metacarpals

Back 23

handbones

Front 24

phalanges

Back 24

fingers
-distal farther from hand
-medial middle
-proximal close to hand

Front 25

acetabulum

Back 25

hip socket

Front 26

femur

Back 26

upper leg bone

Front 27

trochanter

Back 27

knobs or projections on femur

Front 28

patella

Back 28

kneecap

Front 29

popliteal

Back 29

back of knee

Front 30

tibia

Back 30

big lower leg bone/shin bone

Front 31

fibula

Back 31

smaller lower leg bone

Front 32

tarsals

Back 32

ankle

Front 33

malleolus

Back 33

projections/know on ankle

Front 34

calcaneal

Back 34

heal

Front 35

metatarsals

Back 35

bones of feet

Front 36

phalanges

Back 36

toes
distal/medical/proximal

Front 37

lamina

Back 37

part of the vertebrae

Front 38

pelvic girlde

Back 38

ilium
ischium
pubis

Front 39

process

Back 39

knob/sticks out

Front 40

depression

Back 40

hole

Front 41

striated/skeletal

Back 41

voluntary

Front 42

smooth/visceral

Back 42

involuntary

Front 43

cardiac

Back 43

heart muscle/looks like striated but acts like smooth

Front 44

fascia

Back 44

covering on a muscle

Front 45

tendon

Back 45

muscles to bones

Front 46

ligaments

Back 46

bones to bones

Front 47

aponeurosis

Back 47

large tendon

Front 48

flexor

Back 48

bend

Front 49

extensor

Back 49

straight

Front 50

pectoral

Back 50

chest

Front 51

rectus

Back 51

up & down

Front 52

oblique

Back 52

at an angle

Front 53

transverse

Back 53

across

Front 54

sphincter

Back 54

ring of muscles

Front 55

biceps

Back 55

2

Front 56

triceps

Back 56

3

Front 57

quadriceps

Back 57

4

Front 58

maximus

Back 58

large

Front 59

minimus

Back 59

small

Front 60

deltoid

Back 60

triangle

Front 61

levator

Back 61

up (mouth)

Front 62

depressor

Back 62

down (mouth)

Front 63

Joints

Back 63

bones joining together

Front 64

articulations

Back 64

medical term for joints

Front 65

suture

Back 65

not movable (skull)

Front 66

synovial

Back 66

are moveable

Front 67

ball & socket

Back 67

goes both ways (shoulder & hip)

Front 68

hinge

Back 68

one way (elbow & knee)

Front 69

bursa

Back 69

sac of fluid

Front 70

meniscus

Back 70

cartilage of the knee

Front 71

fracture

Back 71

broken bones

Front 72

closed/simple

Back 72

bone broke but does not go thru the skin

Front 73

open/compound

Back 73

bone broke & goes thru skin

Front 74

comminuted

Back 74

shatters/ in pieces

Front 75

impacted

Back 75

one bone shoves into another

Front 76

greenstick

Back 76

break on on side & BENDS on the other

Front 77

hairline

Back 77

incomplete

Front 78

pathological

Back 78

caused by a disease (fracture)

Front 79

Colles

Back 79

wrist

Front 80

reduction

Back 80

treatment for fractures

Front 81

closed

Back 81

no surgery

Front 82

open

Back 82

is surgery

Front 83

Open Reduction
-Internal Fixation

Back 83

hardware (pins, nails & plates) to keep the bones together (inside)

Front 84

Open Reduction
-External Fixation

Back 84

Hardware is outside

Front 85

osteoporosis

Back 85

porous bone

Front 86

scoliosis

Back 86

crooked/bent

Front 87

kyphosis

Back 87

hump

Front 88

lordosis

Back 88

swayback

Front 89

spinal bifida

Back 89

vertebrael column did not join

Front 90

rheumatoid arthritis

Back 90

inflammation of joint affects everything

Front 91

osteoarthritis

Back 91

inflammation of bone & joint

Front 92

gout

Back 92

too much uric acid

Front 93

Ewing's Sarcoma

Back 93

Bone Cancer

Front 94

carpal tunnel syndrome

Back 94

wrist, pinched nerve

Front 95

ergonomics

Back 95

making work place better (computer keyboard, furniture, and breaks)

Front 96

crepitation

Back 96

noise, cartilage rubbing together or bones

Front 97

electromyography (EMG)

Back 97

process of recording muscle elect.

Front 98

sprain

Back 98

injury

Front 99

strain

Back 99

over use of a muscle

Front 100

talipes

Back 100

any deformitiy of a foot

Front 101

arthroplasty

Back 101

knee/hip replacement

Front 102

IM

Back 102

intramuscular

Front 103

AE

Back 103

above elbow

Front 104

AK

Back 104

above knee

Front 105

BE

Back 105

below elbow

Front 106

BK

Back 106

below knee

Front 107

C

Back 107

Cervical ex. C1,C2,C3....

Front 108

Fx

Back 108

fracture

Front 109

HNP

Back 109

Herniated Nucleus Pulposus/ herniated disk

Front 110

L

Back 110

Lumbar

Front 111

RA

Back 111

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Front 112

T

Back 112

Thoracic