Med Surg 1 Mid Term Study Guide

Front 1

Q: What type of family is consideredan extended family?

Back 1

A: Relativeof either spouse who live with the nuclear family. (Grandma grandpa auntsuncles cousins)

Front 2

- Q: Participating in groups or clubs to serve family needs is considered?

Back 2

A:An external coping strategy

Front 3

Q: What is considered an informal role of the family?

Back 3

A: The family scapegoat

Front 4

Q: Which is anexample of dysfunctional family communication?

Back 4

A:Forbidden

Front 5

- Q: A physiologic response to stress is

Back 5

A:Increased heart rate

Front 6

Q: What is the first principle of Maslow’s Hierarchy ofneeds?

Back 6

A: Physiological: oxygen, fluids, nutrition, temperature, elimination, shelter, rest, and sex.

Front 7

Q: What’s the last one in priority to Maslow’s needs?

Back 7

A: Self Esteem

Front 8

- Q: Which is an example of a physiological stressor?

Back 8

A: Excessive noise

Front 9

Q: Wound healing and inflammation is an example of?

Back 9

A: Local adaptation syndrome

Front 10

- Q: What is Anorexia?

Back 10

A: Having a lack of appetite ->

Front 11

Q: What is Bulimia?

Back 11

A: Periods of binge eating followed by purging

Front 12

Complications of TPN

Back 12

● Pulmonary Complications

● Injury to the Veins and Arteries surrounding the TPN catheter site

● Air Embolism

● Infection

● Electrolyte Imbalance

● Mineral Deficiencies

● Hyperglycemia

● Rebound Hypoglycemia (if treatment is ended suddenly)

Front 13

Review Immunoglobulin E (IgE)

Back 13

* IgE is important in allergic reactions and in parasiticinfections.

Front 14

- Q: The priority nursing responsibility when taking care of a patient with immunodeficiency is to?

Back 14

A: Prevent infection

Front 15

- Q: Antigen injections are other wise known as …

Back 15

A: Vaccinations.

Front 16

- Q: Antigens are…?

Back 16

A: A substance, usually a protein that is capable of stimulating a response from the immune system.

Front 17

- Q: The nurses professional duty to help others is an example of

Back 17

A: Beneficence

Front 18

- Q: Which patient cannot give an informed consent to?

Back 18

A: A patient that just received a preoperative sedative

Front 19

- Q: Who is responsible for getting informed consent?

Back 19

A: Thephysician

Front 20

- Q: Condition when injury was caused by the nurse’s failure to carry out duty is…

Back 20

A: Malpractice

Front 21

Increase water absorption in the renal tubules (Results in...)

Back 21

● Can result in:

○ Hypertension

○ Weight Gain

○ Pitting Edema.

Front 22

- Q: One way the body tries to compensate for deficient blood volume is?

Back 22

A: Increased heart rate

Front 23

- Q: Edema, coolness and pain at the IV site are indications of?

Back 23

A: Infiltration

Front 24

High-Fowler’s position and Oxygenation, Which termapplies?

- Q: What is used to monitor the oxygenation of the blood?

Back 24

A: Oximeter

Front 25

IV Fluids and Urine Output-

Q: The major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid are?

Back 25

A: Sodiumand chloride / Sodium at 135-145pan>

Front 26

- Q: What is the normal hourly urine output?

Back 26

A: 30 ml per hour

Front 27

- Q: What is the normal intake of daily fluids?

Back 27

A: 2500 ml

Front 28

- Q: How much water should adults drink a day at least?

Back 28

A: 2500 ml’s

Front 29

- Q: What is the policy limit amount of urine that can be drained from a bladder at a time?

Back 29

A: 800 ml

Front 30

Metabolic Acidosis, hyperventilation results in - Q: When the body retains too many hydrogen ions or loses to many bicarbonate ions what occurs?

Back 30

A: Metabolic acidosis

Front 31

: When the respiratory system fails to eliminate the appropriate amount of carbon dioxide to maintain the normal acid-base balance?

Back 31

A: Respiratory acidosis

Front 32

- Q: The most common cause of respiratory alkalosis?

Back 32

A: Hyperventilation

Front 33

. Malignant Hyperthermia -

Q: What is malignant hyperthermia?

Back 33

A: It’s an adverse reaction to general anesthetics that’s inherited by genetics.

Front 34

- Q: What are characteristics of malignant hyperthermia?

Back 34

A: Increased metabolic rate, cyanosis, muscle rigidity, increased body temperature, hypotension, tachycardia

Front 35

Spinal Anesthesia (Nurse Monitoring) -

Q: Post spinal headache can be relieved by…

Back 35

A: Lying flat

Front 36

Purpose of Around-the-Clock pain medication administration

Back 36

- When pain is predictable, such as with postoperative pain, and cancer pain, analgesics are more effective when given around the clock (ATC) rather than PRN.- An around the clock schedule maintains therapeutic blood levels of the analgesic.- The around the clock schedule is usually based on how long the drug lasts; thus when the order read every 3-4 hours, the analgesics should be administered every 3-4 hours to maintain pain relief.

Front 37

Review Heat & Cold treatments (Appropriate patient)

Back 37

COLD is contraindicated for patients with peripheral vascular disease or heart disease because it may cause further vasoconstriction of blood vessels and thus decrease circulation- Cold application should be limited to 15 minutes per session to prevent tissue injury or frostbite.

Front 38

Review Heat & Cold treatments (Appropriate patient)

Back 38

Heat treatment should be limited to 30 minutes to prevent tissue injury- HEAT is contraindicated on a site of malignancy, to areas decreased sensation, or circulation or to patient who cannot communicate discomfort.

Front 39

Gate Control method of pain relief-

Q: What is the gate control theory?

Back 39

A: It states that pain experience affects both physiological and psychological factors.

Front 40

- Q: Whatfactors close the gate? According to the gate control theory…?

Back 40

A: Massage, position change, guided imagery, heat application

Front 41

Complications of Opioids -

Q: When observing sedation in a pt, which stage would the nurse consider to be an emergency?

Back 41

A: Minimal response to physical stimulation

Front 42

- Q: What is a commonly used drug for conscious sedation?

Back 42

A: Midazolam (Versed

Front 43

Review CPR (in Fundies Book) -

Q: The first assessment priorities for first aid treatment of emergency patients must be…?

Back 43

A: Airway, Breathing, Circulation

Front 44

- Q: What is the breath/compression ratio for CPR?

Back 44

A: 30 compressions/2 breaths

Front 45

- Q: When observing sedation in a pt, which stage would the nurse consider to be an emergency?

Back 45

A: Minimal response to physical stimulation

Front 46

Treatment of Epistaxis-

Q: What is the treatment for epistaxis? Otherwise called nosebleeds?

Back 46

A: The pt should sit down and lean forward. Direct pressure should be applied for 3-5 minutes.

Front 47

Immediate treatment of Heat Exhaustion-

Q: Heat exhaustion is treated by?

Back 47

A: Cooling and hydrating the victim.

Front 48

. What is Compensatory Shock? -

Q: What is shock defined as?

Back 48

A: It’s a syndrome characterized by inadequate tissue perfusion resulting in impaired cellular metabolism.

Front 49

- Q: The stage of shock in which death is imminent is known as?

Back 49

A: Refractory

Front 50

- Q: Why is providing oxygen for organs important when receiving shock treatment?

Back 50

A: Because brain cells begin to die after 4 minutes without oxygen.

Front 51

Counteracting Compensatory Shock (bed position)

Back 51

• the position that would enhance cerebral flow to counteract the symptoms of compensatory shock is trendelenburg • In the Trendelenburg position, the body is laid flat on the back (supine position) with the feet higher than the head by 15-30 degrees,

Front 52

Dovetailing (pacing activities) - for Low Cardiac Output

Back 52

- Dictionary definition: fit or cause to fit together easily and conveniently.- From the Australian Medical Center: These involve pacing your exercise and daily activity so as not to flare-up your pain levels and gradually expand your physical activity.

Front 53

List Saturated Fats (Oils)- Q: What substances are considered saturated fats?

Back 53

A: Butter, Coconut Oil and Palm Oil

Front 54

- Q: When the nurse feels powerless because moral beliefs cannot be followed due to institutional barriers she is experiencing

Back 54

A: Moral Distress

Front 55

- Q: Threat of some contact without the patients consent is

Back 55

A: Assault

Front 56

- Q: The stomach is normally emptied after

Back 56

A: 1-4 hours

Front 57

- Q: What is one type of carbohydrate that cannot be digested and is excreted unchanged from feces?

Back 57

A: Fiber

Front 58

- Q: For immediate use by the body’s cells, carbohydrates are converted primarily to.

Back 58

A: Glucose

Front 59

- Q: For which body tissues are lipids NOT a source of energy?

Back 59

A: The brain

Front 60

- Q: A hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that is an anti-inflammatory is…?

Back 60

A: Cortisol

Front 61

- Q: The elimination of microorganisms from any object that comes in contact with the patient is called.

Back 61

A: Surgical asepsis

Front 62

- Q: In anaphylaxis, what is an effect of histamine?

Back 62

A: Bronchospasm

Front 63

- Q: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) provides a measure of?

Back 63

A: Renal function

Front 64

- Q: What is the main sugar in the blood and the primarysource for energy in the body?

Back 64

A: Glucose

Front 65

- Q: A nurse is aware that after a meal, the blood sugar level may rise. How long should it take for the blood sugar level to return to the normal range?

Back 65

A: 2-3 hours

Front 66

- Q: In an adult, what amount of blood loss may result in hypovolemic shock?

Back 66

A: 1 liter or more

Front 67

- Q: The abnormal chest wall action in flail chest causes?

Back 67

A: Impaired gas exchange

Front 68

- Q: Flulike symptoms following a tick bite may be symptoms of…?

Back 68

A: Lyme Disease

Front 69

- Q: What is the danger of too rapid rewarming as the treatment for a pt with severe hypothermia?

Back 69

A: Cardiac Dysrhythmias

Front 70

- Q: The use of local anesthetics agent into and under the skin around the area of treatment is called?

Back 70

A: Regional anesthesia

Front 71

- Q: When a wound starts pulling apart this is an indication of?

Back 71

A: Dehiscence

Front 72

- Q: How much air does it take to cause an air embolism in an adult?

Back 72

A: 10 cc

Front 73

- Q: A person has a sever allergic reaction that results in bronchoconstriction. What type of shock is this?

Back 73

A: Anaphylactic

Front 74

- Q: Vasopressin is given to pts with septic shock because it is a?

Back 74

A: Vasoconstrictor