Loss, Death, And End-Of-Life Care

Front 1

Common beliefs about death of a 68-year-old person

Back 1

Afraid of prolonged death,
faces death of family members and peers,
sees death as inevitable and
examines death as it relates to various meanings, such as freedom from discomfort

Front 2

death rattle

Back 2

breathing is rapid and deep with periods of apnea

Front 3

"guppy breathing"

Back 3

breathing becomes irregular, gradually slowing down to terminal gasps

Front 4

cheyne-stokes breathing

Back 4

grunting and noisy tachypnea

Front 5

patient or family members may become outraged with situations

Back 5

anger

Front 6

peaceful acknowledgment of the loss

Back 6

acceptance

Front 7

patient realizes the loss is final and the situation cannot be altered

Back 7

acceptance

Front 8

patient refuses to acknowledge the loss

Back 8

denial

Front 9

patient wishes for more time or wishes to avoid the loss

Back 9

bargaining

Front 10

patient expresses feelings that the loss is occurring as a punishment for past actions and may try to negotiate with a higher power for more time

Back 10

bargaining

Front 11

protects the patient and family from the reality of the loss

Back 11

denial

Front 12

sees death as inevitable

Back 12

older adulthood

Front 13

faces death of parents and family members

Back 13

older adulthood

Front 14

examines death as it relates to various meanings, such as freedom from discomfort

Back 14

older adulthood

Front 15

sees death as future event

Back 15

young adulthood

Front 16

faces death of peers

Back 16

middle adulthood

Front 17

may experience death anxiety

Back 17

middle adulthood

Front 18

r/t fear of meaninglessness

Back 18

express worth of dying person's life,
dying person reviews his or her life,
and prayers, thoughts, and feelings provide comfort

Front 19

the body's cooling after death

Back 19

algor mortis

Front 20

discoloration in the skin after death

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livor mortis

Front 21

stiffening of the body after death

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rigor mortis

Front 22

pulse slows

Back 22

occurs preceding death

Front 23

mouth breathing, noisy respirations, accumulation of mucus, and wet-sounding respirations

Back 23

associated with the death rattle

Front 24

livor mortis generally most obvious in

Back 24

fingers and toes, back and buttocks

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cultural group that values stoicism at death

Back 25

vietnamese

Front 26

last sense to remain intact during the death process

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hearing

Front 27

sense of touch decreases first in a dying person in the

Back 27

legs

Front 28

patient who is dying appears to stare because

Back 28

the blink reflex is lost gradually

Front 29

this body function ceases first in the dying person

Back 29

respiration

Front 30

criterion to determine death

Back 30

unresponsiveness to external stimuli that would usually be painful, complete absence of spontaneous breathing, total lack of reflexes

Front 31

criterion that must be present for brain death to be pronounced and life support disconnected by the physician

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coma or unresponsiveness must be present, absence of all brain stem reflexes must be noted, and apnea must be present

Front 32

cause of livor mortis after death

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breakdown of red blood cells

Front 33

this religious group that the body should not be shrouded until sacraments have beenperformed

Back 33

roman catholics

Front 34

durable power of attorney for health care can be used only if the physician certifies in writing that the person is

Back 34

incapable of making decisions

Front 35

the patient self-determination act requires that institutions must inform patients about

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the right to have an autopsy and the right to initiate advance directives

Front 36

kubler-ross stages of grieving sequence

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denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Front 37

rando stages of grieving sequence

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avoidance, confrontation, accommodation

Front 38

physical manifestations of approaching death

Back 38

decreased pain and touch perception, eyelids remain open, cold, clammy skin, swallowing is difficult, and drop in blood pressure