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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What % of GDP does Irish food and drink make up? |
9% |
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What 5 organisations play a role in food safety? |
Dept. Health and Children, HPSC, FSAI, Dept. Ag, Food and Marine, SafeFood |
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What are the 3 types of food safety hazards? |
Biological, chemical and physical |
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What are the 4 types of biological hazards? |
bacterial, viral, parasitic and prions |
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What are the 3 types of chemical hazards? |
drug residues, toxins and chemicals |
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What are the 2 main types of physical hazards? |
metal and glass |
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What are the 5 types of food-borne diseases? |
infections, intoxications, allergies, intolerances and idiopathic illnesses |
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What is an infection? |
alive pathogens ingested and colonize hosts body and multiply. May cause no illness, gastroenteritis or systemic illness |
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What is an intoxication? |
Poisonous substance present in food at consumption. May be intrinsic toxin, extrinsic poison or toxin produced by microbial metabolism |
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What is an allergy? |
Adverse immune reactions to substance in food or another source that affect limited number of people |
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What is an intolerance? |
Inability of some to metabolize substances in food |
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What is an idiopathic illness? |
disease that may or may not be food-borne or whose pathogenesis is unknown |
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What is an outbreak? |
2 or more cases of same illness contracted from the same source |
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What are secondary cases? |
Infections transmitted from person to person |
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What is a sporadic case? |
only 1 person becomes ill with food-borne illness but others have multiple illnesses with no obvious connection |
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What are intoxicants? |
poisonous substances present in food at time of consumption |
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What type of bacterial pathogen is Campylobacter? |
zoonosis |
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What food are clostridium botulinum found in? |
honey |
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Where are outbreaks of clostridium perfringens most common? |
institutional feeding |
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What bacterial pathogen produces gas while growing? |
C. perfingens |
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What type of pathogen is E. coli? |
zoonosis |
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What does L. monocytogenes cause? |
abortions or stillbirths in humans |
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Where is L. monocytogenes found? |
RTE foods |
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What are the non-food sources of Salmonella?
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reptiles, especially pet turtles |
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What are the 3 species of Vibrio spp? |
cholerae, parahaemolyticus and vulnificus |
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What illness does Yersinia enterocolitica mimic? |
appendicitis |
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What viruses cause diarrhea in children? |
rotavirus and aastrovirus |
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What is norovirus also known as? |
winter vomiting bug |
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What does Hep A resist? |
heat, drying, milk pasteurization |
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What are the 4 types of parasites? |
Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia, Toxoplasma gondii and Cyclospora cayetanensis |
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What are the 3 types of roundworms? |
Anisakids, ascaris and trichinella |
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What are the 3 types of tapeworms? |
Diphyllobothrium latum, Taenia saginata and Taenia solium |
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What do cyanogens produce? |
cyanide |
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What is ergotism? |
ergots replace grain of rye |
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What shellfish accumulates toxins? |
mollusks |
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What bacteria produce toxins that are difficult to remove from drinking water? |
cyanobacteria |
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What toxin is found in fish? |
scrombrotoxins |
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What 2 pathogens are found in soil? |
C. botulinium and B. anthracis |
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What are the 2 pathogens found in water? |
Pseudomonas and Vibrio |
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What bacteria survives desiccation? |
Cronobacter |
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What causes infant botulism? |
C. botulinum |
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What bacteria can fertilizers contain? |
E. coli O157:H7 |
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What are the 4 main zoonoses? |
E. coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, Salmonella and Yersinia |
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What are the 2 types of contamination? |
primary and secondary |
