Ethics Exam 1

Front 1

Argument

Back 1

any set of declarative sentences which a writer states premises for the truth of some other members of the set

Front 2

premises

Back 2

reasons cited as grounds in an argument

Front 3

conclusion

Back 3

statement whose truth is supposed to be established by the premises

Front 4

inductive argument

Back 4

the truth of of premises makes the conclusion probably true

Front 5

deductive argument

Back 5

the truth of the premises guarantees the conclusion

Front 6

valid argument

Back 6

deductive argument such that IF the premises are true, the conclusion must be true

Front 7

invalid argument

Back 7

a deductive argument such that it is possible for the premises to be true and the conclusion false

Front 8

critique a déductive argument

Back 8

either invalid, or one/more false premises

Front 9

show an argument is invalid

Back 9

true premises with a false conclusion

Front 10

descriptive relativism

Back 10

different cultures accept different moral principles

Front 11

cultural moral relativism

Back 11

what is right or wrong for a culture depends on what the culture accepts as right or wrong

Front 12

individual moral relativism

Back 12

what is right or wrong for an individual depends on what the individual accepts as right or wrong

Front 13

meta ethical relativism

Back 13

IN CASES OF ETHICAL DISAGREEMENT, THERE IS NO VALID RATIONAL WAY OF JUSTIFYING ONE ETHICAL JUDGMENT OVER ANOTHER

Front 14

ethics

Back 14

action guide that is to guide everyones actions in those situations in which their actions affect others and its principles which are public principles take into account the interests of the others affected

Front 15

assumpetions underlying our conception of ethics

Back 15

1. there are objectively valid ethical principles that apply to everyone that we know and use to determine what we ought to do
2. we can act as ethicical principles direct us to act
3. that we have reason to act as thical principles direct us to act

Front 16

folkways

Back 16

right way of doing things (etiquette, dress)

Front 17

mores

Back 17

folkways but to a higher level "don't break promises"

Front 18

objectivity

Back 18

true regardless of what one things

Front 19

subjectivity

Back 19

true depending on whether speaker endorses it

Front 20

taboos

Back 20

the wrong way to do things

Front 21

the morality of a group

Back 21

the sum of the taboos and prescriptions in the folkways by which right conduct is defined