English 10 Literary Terms

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Plot

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the main events of a play, novel, movie, or similar work, devised and presented by the writer as an interrelated sequence.

character meets a test-results in a struggle

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Theme

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illusrates the idea of a truth of human life

idea behind the story is most important

character setting plot meraly help get theme across

theme is author's general idea or subject

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Setting

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place or surroundings in which a story ocurs

setting: dominates the story

makes plot possible

determines kind of characters )eg. ghost story)

dictates actions and personalities of characters

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Antagonist

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person who works against the protagonist

actively opposes something

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Protagonist

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main character

advocate of something

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Motivation

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reason behind why a character does or says something

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Round character

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Charaacter with many traits and sides, we know much about them

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Flat character

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not many sides, one dimenstional, not much is known

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Denouement

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the final part of a play, movie, or narrative in which the strands of the plot are drawn together and matters are explained or resolved.

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Exposition

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the beginning of the story

a discription of things at the beginning of a story

introduction of the characters, setting, and antecedent action. Also contains the initial incident

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Antecedent action

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things that occur in a story before the narrative

(things before the story begins)

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Atmosphere

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the feel, emotion, or mood a writer conveys to a reader through description of setting and objects

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mood

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Mood is the atmosphere of a piece of writing; it’s the emotions a selection arouses in a reader.

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tone

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Tone is the author’s attitude toward a subject.

a matter of speaking or writing the spirit or character is indicated by pitch as well as by words, in writing is indicated by diction alone

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prose

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written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure.

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allusion

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an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference.

An allusion is a figure of speech that makes a reference to a place, person, or something that happened.

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apostrophe

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referring to a dead animal in second person

-which animate or inanimate objects are addressed in the second person (thou, you) as though present

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shift

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the shift introduces a change in the speaker’s understanding of what he is narrating, signaling to readers that he has reached an insight.

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aside (shakespeare)

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An "aside" is a dramatic device in which a character speaks to the audience. By convention the audience is to realize that the character's speech is unheard by the other characters on stage. It may be addressed to the audience expressly (in character or out) or represent an unspoken thought.

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soliquy (shakespeare)

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talking to oneself." A soliloquy is a speech a character gives of his thoughts and reflections.

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blank verse

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unrhymed iambic pentameter,

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epilogue

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n epilogue or epilog is a chapter at the end of a work of literature which concludes the work.

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satire

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The definition of satire is "literary technique of writing or art which principally ridicules its subject (for example, individuals, organizations, or states) often as an intended means of provoking or preventing change."

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composition

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composition is the placement or arrangement of visual elements or ingredients in a work of art, as distinct from the subject of a work.

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angle

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The position of the camera in relation to the subject being shown. The angle from which the camera takes the shot has an important effect on what the viewers see and on the effect of the shot. The camera angle, or where the camera is placed, is important as it indicates point of view, i.e. from whose perspective we are seeing the action, such as the character, audience or director. The five basic angles are overhead, high angle, eye level, low angle and undershot.

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rule of thirds

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The rule of thirds is a concept in video and film production in which the frame is divided into into nine imaginary sections, as illustrated on the right. This creates reference points which act as guides for framing the image.

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foreground

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the part of a view that is nearest to the observer, especially in a picture or photograph.

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background

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the area or scenery behind the main object of contemplation, especially when perceived as a framework for it.

the circumstances or situation prevailing at a particular time or underlying a particular event.

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line

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Shape pertains to the use of areas in two-dimensional space that can bedefined by edges. Shapes can be geometric (e.g., square, circle, hexagon, etc.) or organic (such as the shape of a puddle, blob, leaf, boomerang, etc.). Shapes are defined by other elements of art: line, form, space, value, color, and texture.

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colour values

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In colorimetry and color theory, lightness, also known as valueor tone, is a representation of variation in the perception of acolor or color space's brightness.

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theme (art)

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In the arts, a theme is a broad idea or a message conveyed by a work, such as a performance, a painting, a motion picture, or a video game. This message is usually about life, society or human nature. Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a work.

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Prologue (modern)

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separate introductory section of a literary or musical work.

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act

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a main division of a play, ballet, or opera.

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epilogue (modern)

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a section or speech at the end of a book or play that serves as a comment on or a conclusion to what has happened.

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inciting action

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An inciting incident/action of a plot/storyline is essential to the story. It holds the audience's attention through to the final scene or chapter. It must be built on three key elements; conflict, cause, and effect.

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comedy relief

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Comic relief is the inclusion of a humorous character, scene, or witty dialogue in an otherwise serious work, often to relieve tension.

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tragedy

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a play dealing with tragic events and having an unhappy ending, especially one concerning the downfall of the main character.

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monologue

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long speech by one actor in a play or movie, or as part of a theatrical or broadcast program.

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aside (modern)

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a remark or passage by a character in a play that is intended to be heard by the audience but unheard by the other characters in the play.

a remark that is not directly related to the main topic of discussion.

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exposition

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the part of a play or work of fiction in which the background to the main conflict is introduced.

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solioquy (modern)

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an act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play.

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expository essay

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The expository essay is a genre of essay that requires the student to investigate an idea, evaluate evidence, expound on the idea, and set forth an argument concerning that idea in a clear and concise manner.

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persuasive essay

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A persuasive essay is simply a writer's attempt to convince readers of the validity of a particular opinion on a controversial issue.

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informal essay

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also known as a familiar or personal essay, which is a (generally brief) work of prose nonfiction with little or no defined structure and written as one's individual reflections.

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literary essay

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The Literary Essay is an insightful, critical interpretation of a literary work. It is not a summary of plot, character or other elements of fiction in any given literary work. … you provide your own formal interpretation and/or opinion of the topic.

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character

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writer concentrates on presenting character

character's speech and action domniate story

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a short story has/does:

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1. deals with a single event, single emotion, or series of emotions, caused by simple situation

2. has a few characters and a single preeminent character

3. has no unnecessary details, all incidents character traits and peope described are necessary for the logial development of plot dominant idea or emotional effect story is to convey

4. has conflict (two opposing forces)

5. has climax that evolves from the basic situation

6. complication and struggle lead to suspense- appeals to reader's emotions

7. has definitite plausible outcome, versimilitude (appearence of truth or reality)

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allegory

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story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.

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synecdoche

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a figure of speech in which (1) part of something is used to represent the whole, (2) a whole is usedx to represent a part, (3) the material from which something is made is used for the thing itself