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156 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Hardware
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Physical part of computer - parts you can hold, touch, move; i.e., CPU, mouse, keyboard, printer, speakers, etc.
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Software
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Computer code - programs installed and ran on your computer; i.e., games, PDF
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Three types of computers
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PC, MAC, UNIX
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Difference between desktop and laptop
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Desktop physical sits on your desk; Laptop is lighter in weight and is portable
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Peripherals
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Exernal devices attached to computer; i.e., keyboard, mouse, printer, fax, etc.
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Motherboard
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- Physical device which holds all other computer components together
- Internal components and peripherals come together in it |
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Input devices
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- Peripheral components which allow input of information into the computer
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Monitor
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- Video display
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Two types of monitors
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LCD and CRT
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Average screen size resolution
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1024 x 768 pixels
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Mouse
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Peripheral components which allows you to navigate through programs
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How many buttons does a MAC and PC mouse comprise?
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MAC - one button
PC - 2 buttons |
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To perform a special function with a MAC mouse, you press what?
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Control button on keyboard and button on mouse
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To perform a special function with a PC mouse, you press what?
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You would right-click on the mouse
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CPU - expanded
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Central Processing Unit
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Brains of the computer
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CPU
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Two main manufactuers of CPU's
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Intel and AMD
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3 Intel processors
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Celeron, Pentium, Core
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- CPC
- They are listed in lowest to highest performance |
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3 AMD processors
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Sempron, Athlon, Phenom
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-They are listed in lowest to highest performance\
-SAP |
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How does a Dual Core Processor process data?
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Processes 2 computations simultaneously
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How does a Quad Core Processor process data?
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Processes 4 computations simultaneously
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Computer Memory
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Temporary storage of information while computer is on; i.e. programs, games, open documents
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For permanent storage of infomation what do you do?
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Save it; i.e., game, open documents, programs
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RAM stands for?
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Random Access Memory
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How does the amount of RAM affect your computer's efficiency?
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RAM can speed up or slow down your computer's speed
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How much RAM is necessary? The minimum?
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- Depends on programs and the data the programs are using
- At least 1 gigabyte |
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How much is too much RAM?
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There is never too much RAM as long as your computer is equipped to handle it
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Cache is also memory. Is it slower or faster than RAM?
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Cache is faster
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Where is the cache memory located?
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Directly in the CPU
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Can you modify/upgrade cache memory? Why?
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- No, you cannot modify/upgrade cache memory.
- The computer you purchase determines the amount of cache |
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Hard Drive
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- Space where all data is stored
- It is the real world equivalent to a filing cabinet |
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How many bits is a byte?
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8 bits and most files are represented in bits
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What is a bit?
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A single piece of information
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2 types of Optical Storage?
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CD's and DVD's
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Flash Drive's nickname
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Thumb drive
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CD Rom - Read, write or both
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Read only
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CD R/W Rom - Read, write or both
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Both
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Most movies are on CD or DVD?
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DVD
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What does a Video Card do?
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Transmits digital information from computer to monitor
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GPU stands for?
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Graphics Processing Unit
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VRAM stands for?
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Video Ram
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Does Video Card have one or both of following: GPU; VRAM
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Both
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What quality does the video card maximize?
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Graphics
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Minimum megabytes to play games? Maximum
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128MB minimum; 512MB or over maximum
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Sound card is measured in bits; how many bits is standard?
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24 bits
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Power Supply
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Provides electricity to CPU
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UPS - Universal Power Supply or Uninterruped Power Supply
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External peripheral with battery with enough power in the event of power outage to save information and properly shut down computer
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Surge Protector
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Power controller which protects from power surges and adjusts to voltage
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Modem
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- Gets you to the outside world
- Modulates data into signal to send information and then demodulates it into data to receive it - MO - DEM |
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Analog Connectivity
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Dial up via telephone line
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Cable Modem does what?
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- Connects computer to internet via cable network (coaxial cable)
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Fiber Optic Modem
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Connects via lightweight fiber optic cable
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DSL Modem
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Connects via DSL connection via telephone line; know as Digital Subscriber Line
- Uses copper telephone lines |
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Satellite Modem
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-Uses a satellite dish connected to a satellite for data transmission
- Computer is connected to satellite modem linked to satellite dish mounted on roof (usually) |
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Whis is the fastest connection - Analog, DSL, Cable, Satellie, Fiber Optic?
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Fiber Optic
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Analog and Satellite use Kbps or Mbps?
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Kbps
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Network
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Group of connected computers
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Server
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- Main computer
- No direct user - Holds lot of data/programs |
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Clients
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Computers connected to server
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Three ways a computer become part of a network
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- Modem, Network Interface Card (NIC), Wi-Fi
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NIC - expanded
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Network Interface Card
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Wi-Fi
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Wireless Internet
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Describe the 3 kinds of Wi-Fi
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- Wireless - Airwaves
- Fixed Wireless - Situated in office, home, etc - Portable - Battery Operated |
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Hot Spot
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Public location (often on a sidewalk)
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PCI and what it does?
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- Peripheral Component Interconnection
- Interconnects the way cards are added to computer for specific capabilities(video support/Ethernet) |
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AGP and what is does?
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- Accelerated Graphics Port
- Enhances video graphics system |
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USB - expanded and what it does
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- Universal Serial Bus
- connects peripheral devices across many platforms |
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USB Hub
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Multiple sockets for connecting USB compatible devices
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Serial Port
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- Older way of communicating between devices
- Send only 1 bit at a time |
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Parallel Port
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- Older way of communicating between devices
- Sends/receives more than 1 bit at a time |
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Printer
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- Peripheral device that prints data
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Hard Copy
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- Printed data
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Describe 3 main types of printers
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- Dot matrix, Ink Jet, Laser
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How does Dot Matrix printer print?
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- Tiny ink dots by punching a ribbon with ends of tiny wires
- High volume printing |
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How does an Ink Jet printer print?
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- Sprays tiny droplets of ink particles onto paper
- Most common |
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How does a Laser printer print?
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- Beam of light
- Highest quality of images - Most expensive |
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Scanner
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- Electronic device using light-sensory equipment to scan
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Webcam
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- Small camera mounted on top of monitor
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System Requirements
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- Specifications of your computer for programs to work
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System Requirements shown on retail boxes
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- CPU type and speed
- Operating system - Memory requirements - Hard disk requiremens - Video requirements - Networking requirements |
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Two most common connectivity requirements
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- USB (I-Link)
- Firewire (IEEEE 1394) |
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OS - expanded
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- Operating System
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Platform
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- Operating System
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Four families of operation systems
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- UNIX
- Luinx - Macintosh - Windows |
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UNIX is mainly used for
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- Networking purposes
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Liunx is mainly used by
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- Computer geeks
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Most common operating system and its nickname
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- Windows
- PC |
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Icon
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- Symbol/illustration on desk pointing to a specific program
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Start Button does what?
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- Brings up programs
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Windows Button on keyboard does what?
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- Shortcut to Start
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"My Computer"
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- A system folder listing personal storage devices
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Taskbar
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- Bar across bottom of screen where Start is
- Shows open programs |
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Run does what?
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- Runs programs, opens folders,opens web addresses, etc.
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How do you customize the windows screen
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- Click mouse on corner of screen, hold, and drag
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How do you switch between windows without using the mouse?
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- Alt +tab key on keyboard
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Windows shortcut button
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- Start menu
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Windows shortcut button + D
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- Minimizes ALL windows (back to desktop)
- Hit them again, and maximizes all windows |
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Control + S
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- Save
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Control + P
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- Print
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Control + N
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- Opens new window
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File
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- Data stored on computer
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After initial save of a data, what is the shortcut to save
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- Ctrl +S
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Computer stops responding and you receive hourglass - what is the first 3 steps to take?
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- Wait awhile for hourglass to disappear
- Ctrl+Alt+Delete for Task Manager - Click on program not responding |
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Crash
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- Program will not recover from hourglasss, you force to quite using Crtl+Alt+Delete
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Freeze
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- Lockup; Operating System does not respond - restart computer
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Application
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- Software which performs a specific task or set of tasks
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Freeware
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- Software downloaded for free
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Shareware
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- Software downloaded with free trial offer; then buy
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Word Processor
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- Allow you to type, edit, print, save, etc.
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Spreadsheet Software
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- Ledger to track accounts
- Think of it as an accounting book/treacher's grade book - Most common is Excel |
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Database
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- Collection of information
- Address book is example |
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Field in database
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- Place (cell) where you enter a specific piece of information
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Record in database
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- Total of all fields
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Menu Bar
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- Horizontal strip across top of screen with words/categories
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Drop-Down Menu
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- Opens vertically and shows commands
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Shortcut to word File on Menu Bar
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- Alt +F
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Shortcut that opens Menu Bar categories individually
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- Alt + the underlined letter in the name
- Ex: Edit - Alt + E |
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Fly Out Menu
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- Listing of underlying content
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Shortcut to Menu Bar
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- F10
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Arrow Keys
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- Navigate through menus and drop -down menus
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Tool Palette
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- Collection of buttons or icons grouped on screen
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Font
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- The style or typeface of a complete set of characters
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Macro
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- Script of commands to perform a single function
- Automates repetitive tasks |
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Keyboard Shortcut
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- Key combination to perform function instead of using mouse
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File Format
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- Way info is organized in a file
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Extension
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- The .and letters following name of file
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3 common word processors
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- Microsoft Word
- Word Perfect - Rich Text Format |
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RTF- expanded
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- Rich Text Format
- Transfer basic formatting |
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Graphic
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- Picture/image generated on a computer
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3 common graphic formats
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- JPG .jpeg
-BMP - .bmp (usually websites) - GIF .gif |
J B G
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2 common audio formats
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- MP3
- WAV |
M W
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3 common video formats
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- AVI
-MOV - MPEG |
A M M
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Bandwidth
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- Capacity of a networked connection
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FTP does what?
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-Uploads programs/files to computer
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Download is?
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- Receive information from another computer
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Upload is?
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- Transmit information from your computer to server or host system
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Lurking
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- Just reading exchanges in chat room
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What does a worm virus do?
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- Self-replicates
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What does a macro virus do?
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- Embeds in office documents
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What did the Michelangelo virus do?
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- Infected master boot record of MS-DOS hard drive
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What does the Denial of Service Attack virus do?
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- Prevents computers from providing normal services - jams computers
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What does the Zombie virus do?
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- Sends our spam slowly so as not to be noticed
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What does Adware virus do?
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- Sends a constant annoying stream of ads, usually pop-ups
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What does Spyware virus do?
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- Secretly tracks web activity then sends spam to you
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What does a Trojan Horse virus do?
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- Destroys data or breaks security
- Appears desirable, yet is harmful |
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What is Phishing?
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- Victim is sent a bogus web site via spam trying to collect information from you
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Primary software used by MT's
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- Word processor
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Word Expander
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- Software to reduce typing and save keystrokes
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ASP - expanded
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- Application Service Providers
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EPR - expanded
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- Electronic Patient Record
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EHR - expanded
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- Electronic Health Record
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What does EHR comprise?
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- Mix of written and dictated text, codes and images
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CD holds how many megabytes, text, and textbooks
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- 600MB, 100,000 text, 150 textbooks
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HIPAA - expanded
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- Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
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What does HIPAA protect?
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- Patient rights of electronic media
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What does HIPAA NOT protect?
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- Traditional paper records
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