Comd 402 Exam 2

Front 1

How has audiology changed as a profession?

Back 1

The degree has elevated from a masters to a doctorate.

Front 2

What degree of education is required for an audiometrist? What is their scope?

Back 2

Hs degree and certificate. They can do screenings.

Front 3

Who can conduct screenings?

Back 3

Audiologists, audiometrists, and slps

Front 4

Audiology

Back 4

The branch of Science that studies hearing, balance, related disorders.

Front 5

The audiology profession

Back 5

Primary health care profession devoted to the evaluation, diagnosis and (non-med) treatment of hearing and balance disorders.

Front 6

Audiologist

Back 6

Person concerned with the identification, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of persons with impairments of auditory and vestibular function and the prevention of impairment associated with them. Non medical management. Diagnosis of hearing disorders. Can't prescribe or perform surgery.

Front 7

Otolaryngologists (ENT)

Back 7

Performs a complete medical history and physical exam of head and neck. Can also perform and supervise hearing and balance screening/testing, which leads to the medical diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of diseases of the hearing and balance systems in children and adults. MD or DO required

Front 8

Hearing aid specialist

Back 8

Assesses hearing and selects fit and dispenses hearing aids and related devices. Certification required

Front 9

Speech language pathologist

Back 9

Often work with Audiologists because some speech problems are a direct result of hearing problems.

Front 10

Asha survey data on Audiologists

Back 10

Majority have private practices (50%)

Hospital (22%)

Schools (10%)

University (9%)

Industry (4%)

Front 11

Two main areas of activity in audiology

Back 11

Diagnostics and management

Front 12

Rehabilitation

Back 12

Something that someone had and they lost/need further assistance with habitation (teaching something new)

Front 13

Hearing conservation

Back 13

Conserving what is left ex. Ear protection in loud areas

Front 14

Audiometric data/organic hearing status

Back 14

Ability to process linguistic stimuli through the auditory system. Organic=authentic/real

Front 15

Deaf

Back 15

Limited residual hearing

Front 16

Hard of hearing

Back 16

More residual hearing than deaf

Front 17

Disability

Back 17

The functional (physical) limitation imposed by an impairment.

Front 18

Handicap

Back 18

Refers to the obstacles... Psychosocial function resulting from a disability. Inconvenience, obstacles, Psychosocial implications.

Front 19

Devices to help compensate for hearing deficit

Back 19

Cochlear device/fm system

Front 20

Prelingual

Back 20

Before language is acquired (no exposure to understanding speech)

Front 21

Postlingual

Back 21

After language is acquired (therefore have acquired some understanding of tonality)

Front 22

What percent of US population is hearing impaired?

Back 22

10% 40 million

Front 23

What are some effects of untreated hearing loss?

Back 23

sadness, depression, worry, anxiety, paranoia, less social activity, emotional turmoil and insecurity

Front 24

What are some effects of treated hearing loss?

Back 24

better relationships, better self esteem, improved mental health, greater independence

Front 25

What are the seven signs of ear disease?**

Back 25

1. ear pain/fullness

2. discharge of bleeding

3. sudden or progressive hearing loss

4. unequal hearing between ears or noise in the ear

5. hearing loss after an injury, loud sound, or air travel.

6. slow or abnormal speech development in children

7. balance disturbance or dizziness

Front 26

When are hearing symptoms medically important in CA?**

Back 26

1.visible congenital or traumatic deformity of the ear

2. history of, or active drainage from the ear within the past 90 days

3. history of sudden or rapidly progressive hearing loss within the past 90 days.

4. acute or chronic dizziness

5.unilateral hearing loss of sudden or recent onset within the past 90 days

6. significant air-bone gap

Front 27

Why should we care about hearing problems?

Back 27

Medical (significant health problems) & communication

Front 28

What are some serious impacts of hearing loss?

Back 28

Lose some sounds, tinnitus, loss of localization, social impacts

Front 29

When are hearing symptoms medically important?

Back 29

1. When it's due to an infection 2. When there is a sudden loss of hearing 3. When there is any significant difference between ears.

Front 30

Frequency

Back 30

measured in hertz measures loudness

Front 31

Intensity

Back 31

measured in dB HL measures intensity.

Front 32

Sound

Back 32

an acoustic waveform generated by a vibrating body that is capable of being heard. [both physical and perceptual]

Front 33

Sound Waves

Back 33

fluctuations in air pressure across time, created by the motion or vibration of an object [e.g. the vibration of vocal chords, oscillating violin string] PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:FREQUENCY AND AMPLITUDE

Front 34

Peripheral Auditory System

Back 34

consists of the outer, middle, and inner ear. Has nothing to do with the central nervous system.

Front 35

What is the path of soundwaves through the outer, middle, & inner ear?

Back 35

sound waves travel down the auditory canal and cause the ear drum to vibrate. the main function of the ossicles is the efficient transfer of sound waves from air to the fluids of the cochlea.

Front 36

Explain the structure of the inner ear

Back 36

Fluid filled. Reissner's membrane is and the Basilar Membrane divides the cochlea lengthwise. The cochlea [near oval window] is the base [basal end] the other end of the cochlea is the apex [apical end]

Front 37

Reissner's Membrane

Back 37

separates scala media from scala vestibuli

Front 38

Basilar membrane

Back 38

separates scala media from scala tympani

Front 39

Tectorial membrane

Back 39

attached along one edge of the wall to scala media

Front 40

organ of corti

Back 40

located in scala media on top of basilar membrane. innervates the auditory cortex which then sends sound info to the brain [auditory cortex in the temporal lobe]

Front 41

What four processes are occuring during hearing?

Back 41

Recognize, Orient, Separate, and focus

Front 42

What is the range of hearing in most humans?

Back 42

20 hz to 20K hz

Front 43

Between what frequencies do most of the speech frequencies lie?

Back 43

between 250 and 6k Hz

Front 44

CPS

Back 44

cycles per second. Measurement of hertz

Front 45

loudness

Back 45

the way in which we perceive amplitude

Front 46

localization

Back 46

refers to our ability to place a sound in space

Front 47

psychoacoustics

Back 47

the study of hearing relationship between the physical properties of sound and sensations they produce all contribute to sound quality.

Front 48

Simple sounds

Back 48

sine wave/sinusoidal puretone

Front 49

complex sounds

Back 49

periodic wave/aperiodic wave

Front 50

Longitudinal waves

Back 50

as the loudspeaker vibrates, it causes the surrounding molecules to vibrate in a particular pattern represented by the waveform. The vibrating air then causes the listener's eardrum to vibrate in the same pattern.

Front 51

compression

Back 51

a region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together

Front 52

rarefraction

Back 52

a region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are furthest apart

Front 53

simple periodic waves [sine waves] are defined by

Back 53

frequency: how often does the pattern repeat per time unit [cycles per second]

cycle: one repetition

period: duration of cycle

Front 54

complex periodic waves

Back 54

cyclic but composed of multiple sine waves.

Front 55

fundamental frequency

Back 55

rate at which largest pattern repeats+harmonics

Front 56

noise

Back 56

characterized as being aperiodic having a non-repetitive pattern. There are many different types of noise depending primarily on the random distribution of frequencies

Front 57

echo

Back 57

some sound is absorbed but some of the vibrations "bounce back" and create a new sounds wave that travels back towards its source

Front 58

acoustics

Back 58

part of physics; concepts like frequency and amplitude