Chemistry 8 Acids Bases And Salts -Reaction Of Acids

Front 1

What are the numbers on the pH scale for neutral, acid and alkali?

Back 1

Above 7- Alkali

7-Neutral

Below 7- Acid

Front 2

What does an acid and metal make?

Back 2

Acid+Metal --> Salt+hydrogen

Front 3

What does an acid and a base make?

Back 3

Acid+base--> Salt+water

Front 4

What does an acid and a carbonate make?

Back 4

Acid+Carbonate--> Salt+water+carbon dioxide

Front 5

How can you tell if oxides are acid, alkali or neutral?

Back 5

-Oxides of most metals are basic (opposite of acidic)

-Most oxides of non-metals are acidic

-Some oxides form neutral solutions in water, e.g. carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide and water.

Front 6

Why is it important for acids to be controlled in soil?

Back 6

Soil is used to grow crops, so it is important for it to be neutral. If it happens to be too alkaline or acidic, the crops tend to grow poorly. Acidity is usually the problem for soil, so a base can help neutralise it.

Front 7

Why is important for acids to be controlled in water?

Back 7

Factory waste is often acidic, and it can leak into water. To prevent this from happening, it needs to be neutralised. Again, slaked lime is used for this.

Front 8

Why is important for acids to be controlled in air?

Back 8

Burning fossil fuels releases gases into the air, such as nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide. They react with water and air, leading to acid rain. As you can tell by the name, it's not that great; it causes buildings to erode and will negatively affect soil and water.

Front 9

How do you prepare a salt?

Back 9

1. Add an excess of your carbonate to your acid2. Test the pH with U.I. paper to check if the solution is neutral

3. Filter the solution to get rid of the excess carbonate

4. Heat the liquid until most of it has evaporated and you are left with salt crystals

Front 10

How do you separate a salt?

Back 10

1. Add water to your mixture so the salt dissolves2. Filter the mixture

3. Evaporate the liquid

Front 11

How do you purify a salt?

Back 11

If it's an insoluble salt: filtration

If it's a soluble salt: distillation

Front 12

What is the test for ammonium?

Back 12

-Add dilute sodium hydroxide, warm up

-You will find: Ammonia gas is released, damp red litmus paper turns blue

Front 13

What is the test for copper (II)?

Back 13

Add dilute sodium hydroxide or ammonia solution

-You will find: A blue precipitate forms

Front 14

What is the test for iron (II)?

Back 14

Add dilute sodium hydroxide or ammonia solution

-You will find:A pale green precipitate forms

Front 15

What is the test for iron (III)?

Back 15

Add dilute sodium hydroxide or ammonia solution

-You will find- A red-brown precipitate forms

Front 16

What is the test for Zinc?

Back 16

Add dilute sodium hydroxide or ammonia solution

-You will find-A white precipitate forms

Front 17

What is the test for a carbonate?

Back 17

Add dilute hydrochloric acid

-You will get- Bubbles that give off gas turn limewater a milky-white

Front 18

What is the test for a chloride?

Back 18

Add the same volume of nitric acid as chloride, add aqueous silver nitrate

-You will get- A white precipitate forms

Front 19

What is the test for a nitrate?

Back 19

Add sodium hydroxide, then aluminium

-You will get- Ammonia gas will be given off

Front 20

What is the test for zinc?

Back 20

Add dilute sodium hydroxide or ammonia solution

-You will get- A white precipitate forms

Front 21

What is the test for ammonia?

Back 21

Damp red litmus paper

You will get- Paper turns blue

Front 22

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

Back 22

Limewater test

You will get- Limewater will turn milky

Front 23

What is the test for chlorine?

Back 23

Damp blue litmus paper

You will get- paper turning white

Front 24

What is the test for hydrogen?

Back 24

lighted splint

Loud squeaky pop

Front 25

What is the test for oxygen?

Back 25

A glowing splint will relight