Chapter 6 - Chapter Checkup

Front 1

a push or pull; necessary for motion

Back 1

force

Front 2

the force of attraction that exists between any pair of objects

Back 2

gravity

Front 3

anything that takes up space and has mass

Back 3

matter

Front 4

the force that occurs when one object pushes against another

Back 4

contact force

Front 5

the force that resists motion

Back 5

friction

Front 6

pieces of naturally magnetized iron ore

Back 6

lodestones

Front 7

the result of a force moving an object

Back 7

work

Front 8

the ability to do work

Back 8

energy

Front 9

a special form of potential energy stored in the bonds that hold molecules and chemical compounds together; released as heat energy and light energy through burning or some other chemical process

Back 9

chemical energy

Front 10

occurs when one object gives some or all of its energy to another object

Back 10

transfer of energy

Front 11

a device that converts energy from a natural source into useful work

Back 11

engine

Front 12

a device that converts gases or vapors to a liquid state

Back 12

condenser

Front 13

burning

Back 13

combustion

Front 14

a substance that can flow from one place to another; such as a liquid or gas

Back 14

fluid

Front 15

of an engine, a hollow, cylinder-shaped compartment in which a piston moves back and forth

Back 15

cylinder

Front 16

a disk that moves back and forth inside a hollow cylinder

Back 16

piston

Front 17

a number indicating the antiknock quality of a gasoline

Back 17

octane number

Front 18

a wheel of curved blades that spins a drive shaft; changes the force exerted by things such as wind or pressurized gases into rotary motion

Back 18

turbine

Front 19

jet engine with a large fan at the very front

Back 19

turbofan

Front 20

a jet engine used to power a propeller

Back 20

turboprop

Front 21

a jet engine that can function only at high speeds because it has no turbine

Back 21

ramjet

Front 22

a guided military rocket

Back 22

missile

Front 23

the cargo that is carried in the nose of a rocket

Back 23

payload

Front 24

What happens when opposite poles or charges are brought close together?

Back 24

They attract.

Front 25

What happens when like poles or charges are brought close together?

Back 25

They repel.

Front 26

What devices have been developed to harness wind power?

Back 26

sails

windmills

wind turbines

Front 27

What device was developed to harness the power of moving water?

Back 27

water wheels

Front 28

Which states of matter have no permanent shape?

Back 28

gases and liquids

Front 29

What is the tendency of gases to spread themselves out thinly?

Back 29

diffusion

Front 30

What is the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid?

Back 30

melting point

Front 31

What is the temperature at which a liquid changes into a solid?

Back 31

freezing point

Front 32

What is the melting and freezing point of water?

Back 32

32 degrees F

Front 33

What is the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas?

Back 33

boiling point

Front 34

What is the temperature at which a gas changes into a liquid?

Back 34

condensation point

Front 35

What is the boiling and condensation point of water?

Back 35

212 degrees F

Front 36

Why is ice lighter than liquid water?

Back 36

Molecules of ice arrange themselves in layers of hexagons, which leaves a large open space in the middle of each hexagon. this arrangement of molecules makes ice lighter and less dense than liquid water.

Front 37

Which type of internal-combustion engine produces no spark?

Back 37

diesel

Front 38

which type of engine carries its own supply of oxygen?

Back 38

rocket

Front 39

What are oxidants?

Back 39

oxygen-rich compounds

Front 40

What is produced when oxidants and chemical fuels are mixed together?

Back 40

propellant

Front 41

Which type of rocket uses propellants?

Back 41

solid-fuel rocket

Front 42

What is the other type of rocket besides solid-fuel rockets?

Back 42

liquid-fuel rocket