Chapter 3

Front 1

study of changes in behavior from conception to death

Back 1

developmental psychology

Front 2

heredity and environment are interacting and inseparable factors in development

Back 2

true

Front 3

genetic transmission of physical and psychological characteristics from parents to offspring

Back 3

heredity

Front 4

uniting of egg and sperm

Back 4

conception

Front 5

how many chromosomes in the nucleus of every human cell?

Back 5

46

Front 6

part of a chromosome that contains instructions that affect a particular process or personal characteristic

Back 6

gene

Front 7

controlled by the expression of many genes working together in combination

Back 7

polygenic characteristic

Front 8

overall pattern of physical development from conception to death

Back 8

human growth sequence

Front 9

germinal, embryonic, and fetal periods make up what period?

Back 9

prenatal

Front 10

which period is characterized by marked physiological and psychological deterioration

Back 10

senescence

Front 11

low birth weight, small head, bodily defects

Back 11

fetal alcohol syndrome

Front 12

time during which certain events must take place for normal development to occur

Back 12

sensitive period

Front 13

lack of normal stimulation, nutrition, comfort, or love

Back 13

deprivation

Front 14

inherited physical core of one's personality

Back 14

temperament

Front 15

moody, intense, easily angered

Back 15

difficult children

Front 16

a person's developmental level is determined by heredity, environment, and the individuals own behavior

Back 16

true

Front 17

grasping, rooting, sucking reflexes of infants

Back 17

adaptive reflexes

Front 18

what age can infants imitate actions a day after seeing them?

Back 18

nine months

Front 19

according to jerome kagan, children seem to prefer unfamiliar faces and unusual objects at what age?

Back 19

24 months

Front 20

according to bridges, all basic human emotions appear before the age of?

Back 20

two years

Front 21

development of self awareness, attachment to parents or caregivers, and relationships with other children and adults

Back 21

social development

Front 22

infants securely attached by the age of one year showed more curiosity and problem-solving ability in preschool

Back 22

true

Front 23

effects of 3 major parental styles, authoritarian, overly permissive, and authoritative have been studied by?

Back 23

Diane Baumrind

Front 24

terrible twos, typical behavior is...

Back 24

oppositional

Front 25

according to chomsky, humans have a ____ to develop language

Back 25

biological predisposition

Front 26

Piaget is best known for studying?

Back 26

cognitive development

Front 27

central Piaget's theory of development

Back 27

assimilation and accommodation

Front 28

Piaget's first stage of development

Back 28

sensorimotor period

Front 29

major developments during the sensorimotor stage is

Back 29

object permanence

Front 30

cognitive stage in which children learn to think symbolically and to use language

Back 30

preoperational

Front 31

concepts of reversibility and conservation

Back 31

concrete operational stage

Front 32

true intellectual enrichment respects the child's interests

Back 32

true

Front 33

Lev Vygotsky believed that cognitive development is strongly influenced by

Back 33

social and cultural factors

Front 34

range of tasks a child cannot master alone but that can accomplish with guidance

Back 34

zone of proximal development

Front 35

known for developing a theory of moral development

Back 35

Lawrence Kohlberg

Front 36

we learn moral values through

Back 36

thinking and reasoning

Front 37

Erikson felt that each stage of development was distinguished by

Back 37

psychosocial dilemma

Front 38

infants who receive inadequate or unpredictable care or have parents who are cold, indifferent, or rejecting tend to develop

Back 38

mistrust

Front 39

giving a child freedom to play, to use imagination, and to choose activities fosters...

Back 39

initiative