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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What was the Bolshevik Revolution and who were associated with the revolution?
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The Bolshevik Revolution was a Russian Revolution that began with an armed insurrection in Petrograd, traditionally dating back to Oct. 25, 1917 of the Julian calender. The "Loyalty" organizations were often associated with the Bolshevik Revolution.
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USSR
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What was the IWW?
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The IWW is an international union currently headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. At its peak in 1923, the organization claimed some 100,000 members in good standing, and could marshal the support of perhaps 300,000 workers. Its membership declined dramatically after a 1924 split brought on by internal conflict and government repression.
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IWW stands for Industrial Workers of the World.
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Who was Attorney General Alexander Mitchell Palmer?
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Alexander Mitchell Palmer was the Attorney General of the United States from 1919 to 1921. He was nicknamed "The Fighting Quaker" and he directed the controversial Palmer Raids.
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led arrests and deportations of thousands of immigrants and radicals
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What took place in January 1920?
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The largest of the "Palmer Raids" took place January 1920: in one night, federal agents arrested six thousand alleged radicals in 33 cities. Many were held without warrants, were never formally charged, and were not allowed to contact lawyers or relatives. Some had no connection to radical activities; others signed coerced confessions. Six hundred of them were eventually forced to leave the country.
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communication not allowed; people held against their own will
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Describe the actions of the Labor Dept.
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The excesses of the January raids eroded support for the anti-red campaign. The Labor Dept., which had legal jurisdiction over alien deportations, stopped cooperating with the Justice Dept. Protesters targeted the NY State Assembly after it expelled five Socialist legislators in April. Palmer finally overplayed his hand when he warned the revolutionaries were planning a wave of violence on May Day, the traditional labor holiday. Police mobilized to protect buildings and political leaders, but they passed quietly. Discredited, the anti-red drive went into decline.
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power of control
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Describe the actions of the Justice Dept.
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The Justice Dept. continued its anti-labor, anti-radical activities until 1924, working closely with state govt., businesses, and private detective agencies. Military intelligence agents issued an infamous Spider-Web Chart showing connections between activists in national women's organization, including the Am. Home Economics Association and the Parent-Teachers Association, as well as political and pacifist groups. The implication was that they were all people of an international socialist conspiracy. Private citizens' groups also continued to harass left-wing activists.
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power of justice
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Who were Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti?
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They were Italian-born anarchists. Nicola Sacco was a shoemaker and Bartolomeo Vanzetti was a fish peddler. Both were arrested on May 5, 1930, and charged with killing two men during an armed robbery in South Braintree, Mass. Both men professed their innocence, insisting they were being persecuted for their political beliefs. Following a trial marred by questionable evidence and judicial procedures, Sacco and Vanzetti were convicted of first-degree murder and sentenced to death. For many people in the U.S. and abroad, Sacco and Vanzetti's case came to symbolize governmental injustice.
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Austin Piergallini's ancestral country
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What happened on August 23,1927?
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On Aug. 23, 1927, as crowds gathered throughout the world to protest, Sacco and Vanzetti were executed. A few months before he died, Vanzetti offered an eloquent summary of his case. His words as rendered by a NY reporter, were: "If it had not for these thing, I might have live out of my life, talking at street corners, to scorning men. I might have die, unmarked, unknown, a failure. Now we are not a failure. This is our career and our triumph. Never in our full life can we hope to do such work for tolerance, for justice, for man's understanding of man, as we do by an accident."
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"There are no accidents!" quoted from the movie "Kung Fu Panda."
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