Biol 112; Deuterostomes; Echinodermata

Front 1

What are the two major deuterostome phyla?

Back 1

Echinodermata and chordata

Front 2

How many germ layers do deuterostomes have?

Back 2

Three

Front 3

What coelom type are deuterostomes?

Back 3

enterocoelus

Front 4

What type of cleavage do deuterostomes have?

Back 4

radial

Front 5

What type of development do deuterostomes have?

Back 5

indeterminant

Front 6

How many classes of phyulm echinodermata are there?

Back 6

Five

Front 7

What are the classes of echinodermata?

Back 7

Ophiuroidea, Asteroidea, echinoidea, crinoidea, holothuroidea

Front 8

What are the characteristics of phylum echinodermata?

Back 8

spiny protective skins

secondary penta-radial symmetry

slow moving/sessile

calcite skeleton

coelom has circulatory, respiratory, & excretory functions

water vascular system: hydraulic canals for feeding, locomotion, gas exchange

Front 9

Which class of echinodermata are sea stars?

Back 9

Asteroidea

Front 10

Which class of echinodermata have five arms and regenerate?

Back 10

asteroidea

Front 11

Which class of echinodermata have a ventral mouth and dorsal anus?

Back 11

Asteroidea

Front 12

Which class of echniodermata have tube feet with suckers?

Back 12

Asteroidea

Front 13

Which class of echinodermata are brittle and basket stars?

Back 13

Ophiuroidea

Front 14

Which class of echniodermata have a central disk with long, flexible arms?

Back 14

Ophiuroidea

Front 15

Which class of echinodermata have no bumpy skin extensions?

Back 15

Ophiuroidea

Front 16

Which classes of echinodermata have tube feet that lack suckers?

Back 16

Ophiuroidea and Crinoidea

Front 17

Which class of echinodermata use their tube feet for locomotion and sensory perception?

Back 17

Ophiuroidea

Front 18

Which class of echinodermata reproduce asexually by breaking in half and regenerating?

Back 18

Ophiuroidea

Front 19

Which class of echinodermata are sea urchins and sand dollars?

Back 19

Echinodea

Front 20

Which class of echinodermata are unevenly spherical or disc shaped and unable to move?

Back 20

Echinodea

Front 21

Which class of echinodermata have five sets of teeth on the oral surface which are part of the feeding apparatus called Aristotle's Lantern?

Back 21

Echinodea

Front 22

What are the five pairs of teeth on the oral surface of echinodea a part of?

Back 22

feeding apparatus called Aristotle's Lantern

Front 23

What is Aristotle's Lantern?

Back 23

Set of five teeth that are part of the feeding apparatus of sea urchins.

Front 24

Which class of echinodermata lack arms?

Back 24

Echinoidea

Front 25

Which class of echinodermata have poisonous spines?

Back 25

Echinoidea

Front 26

Which class of echinodermata consist of sea lillies and feather stars?

Back 26

Crinoidea

Front 27

Which of the crinoidea are sessile?

Back 27

Sea lillies

Front 28

Which of the crinoidea are mobile?

Back 28

Feather Stars

Front 29

Which class of echinodermata have filter/suspension feeders?

Back 29

Crinoidea

Front 30

Which class of echinodermata typically attach to coral sponges?

Back 30

Crinoidea

Front 31

What do Crinoidea typically attach to?

Back 31

Coral sponges

Front 32

Which class of echinodermata do not have suckers on their tube feet and who's tube feet help move food toward the mouth?

Back 32

Crinoidea

Front 33

Which class of echinodermata typically have feathered arms around a dorsal mouth?

Back 33

Crinoidea

Front 34

Which class of echinodermata consist of sea cucumbers?

Back 34

Holothuroidea

Front 35

Which class of echinodermata have an elongated shape?

Back 35

Holothuroidea

Front 36

Which class of echinodermata lack spines and have a reduced endoskeleton?

Back 36

Holothuroidea

Front 37

Which class of echinodermata have five rows of tube feet?

Back 37

Holothuroidea

Front 38

Which class of echinodermata eviscerate tehir intestines to avoid predators?

Back 38

Holothuroidea

Front 39

Coelom forms by mesodermal out-pocketing of the primitive gut-enterocoelous.Indeterminate-stem cells are produced whose fates are not fixed at the time of division.Radi

Back 39

Deuterostome

Front 40

Primitive gut

Back 40

Archenteron

Front 41

Helps control hydrostatic pressure in the water vascular system

Back 41

Madreporite

Front 42

Help with locomotion-contract to close valves & force water into the tube feet, which extend & adhere to the substrate.

Back 42

Ampullae

Front 43

Organ that produces gametes.

Back 43

Gonads

Front 44

Calcite plates

Back 44

Ossicles

Front 45

In Deuterosomes, what does the blastopore become?

Back 45

Anus

Front 46

In protosomes, what does the blastpore become?

Back 46

mouth

Front 47

What is the circle of teeth called at the center of echinoidea? (Not Aristotle's Lantern, the other name)

Back 47

Peristome

Front 48

Channels to help move food from aboral surface to oral surface and the mouth

Back 48

lunules

Front 49

This is an opening that typically develops into the anus in deuterostomes and the mouth in protostomes.

Back 49

Blastopore

Front 50

Name the type of development this describes: A developmental mode distinguished by the development of the anus from the blastopore.

Back 50

Deuterostome development

Front 51

Name the type of development this describes: characterized by radial cleavage and by the body cavity forming as outpockets of mesodermal tissue

Back 51

Deuterostome development

Front 52

What is the name for the extensions of an echinoderm's water vascular system which functions in locomotion and feeding?

Back 52

tube feet

Front 53

What is the name for the network of hydraulic canals unique to echinoderms that branches into extensions called tube feet?

Back 53

Water Vascular System

Front 54

In this form of cleavage, cleavage planes are either parallel or perpendicular to the axis of the embryo

Back 54

radial cleavage

Front 55

This type of cleavage allows each cell produced by early cleavage divisions to retain the capacity to develop into a complete embryo

Back 55

Indeterminate cleavage

Front 56

In asteroidea, water can flow in or out of the water vascular system into the surrounding water through this structure.

Back 56

madreporite

Front 57

How many types of patterns can generate a coloem?

Back 57

Two

Front 58

What are the names of the various types of patterns that can generate a coelom?

Back 58

Deuterostomal and Protostomal

Front 59

What type of development results from mesodermal out-pocketing of the archentron?

Back 59

Deuterostomal development

Front 60

What type of development results from the splitting of the mesoderm to form a schizocoelus?

Back 60

Protostomal

Front 61

What is the opening to the developing gut cavity called?

Back 61

Blastopore

Front 62

What type of cells are not fated to form a specific body part?

Back 62

Stem cells

Front 63

What type of cell division produces stem cells whose fates are not fixed at the time of division?

Back 63

Indeterminate

Front 64

What type of cell division produces daughter cells that are fated to produce specific body parts?

Back 64

Determinate

Front 65

What type of development yields determinate cellular division?

Back 65

Protostomal

Front 66

What type of development yields indeterminate cellular division?

Back 66

Deuterostomal

Front 67

What type of cleavage aligns daughter cells?

Back 67

Radial cleavage

Front 68

What type of cleavage twists the top layer of cells relative to the other cells in the 8-celled stage?

Back 68

Spiral cleavage

Front 69

Which type of development has spiral cleavage?

Back 69

Protostomal

Front 70

What does the protostomal blastopore develope into?

Back 70

Mouth

Front 71

What type of development is this?

Back 71

Deuterostomal

Front 72

What type of development is this?

Back 72

Protostomal

Front 73

What type of echinoderm is star shaped, with 5+ arms, ventral mouth, dorsal anus, and tube feet w/ suckers?

Back 73

Asteroidea

Front 74

What type of echinoderm has a central disk, long flexible arms, and tube feet without suckers

Back 74

Ophiuroidea

Front 75

What type of echinoderms have unevenly spherical or disk shape, no arms, 5 rows of tube feet, and have Aristotle's Lantern around it's mouth?

Back 75

Echinoidea

Front 76

What type of echinoderm is cucumber shaped, has no arms, 5 rows of tube feet, modified tube feet that form feeding tenticles, no spines, and a reduced skeleton?

Back 76

Holothuroidea

Front 77

What type of echinoderm is sessile and has feathered arms surrounding its dorsal mouth?

Back 77

Crinoidea

Front 78

Where are the ambulacral grooves and spines on sea stars?

Back 78

oral surface

Front 79

Where is the madreporite on sea stars?

Back 79

aboral surface

Front 80

In sea stars, what structures contract to close valves and force water into the tube feet, which then extend and adhere to a substrate?

Back 80

Ampullae

Front 81

Identify Structure #1

Back 81

Spines

Front 82

Identify Structure #2

Back 82

Arm or Ray

Front 83

Identify Structure #3

Back 83

Anus

Front 84

Identify Structure #4

Back 84

Mouth

Front 85

Identify Structure #5

Back 85

Disc

Front 86

Identify Structure #6

Back 86

Medreporite

Front 87

Identify Structure #7

Back 87

Ambulacral Groove

Front 88

Identify Structure #8

Back 88

Tube feet

Front 89

Identify Structure #1

Back 89

Anus

Front 90

Identify Structure #2

Back 90

Madreporite

Front 91

Identify Structure #3

Back 91

Digestive gland

Front 92

Identify Structure #4

Back 92

SPine

Front 93

Identify Structure #5

Back 93

Tube feet

Front 94

Identify Structure #6

Back 94

Ampulla

Front 95

Identify Structure #7

Back 95

Gonad

Front 96

Identify Structure #8

Back 96

Radial canal

Front 97

Identify Structure #9

Back 97

Digestive gland

Front 98

Identify Structure #10

Back 98

Pyloric Stomach

Front 99

Identify Structure #11

Back 99

Cardiac Stomach

Front 100

Identify Structure #12

Back 100

Gonad

Front 101

Identify Structure #13

Back 101

Radial canal

Front 102

Identify Structure #14

Back 102

Ampulla

Front 103

Why are sea urchins marginally faster than sand dollars?

Back 103

They twist their spines to assist in locomotion

Front 104

In crinoidea, what forms the crown?

Back 104

arms

Front 105

In crinoidea, what does the crown surround?

Back 105

mouth

Front 106

What kind of crinoidea are stalked, sessile animals that resemble plants?

Back 106

Sea lillies

Front 107

Where are the mouth and anus of sea lillies?

Back 107

upper, oral surface

Front 108

What does a sea lilly skeleton consist of?

Back 108

ossicles

Front 109

Where is the visceral mass contained in sea lillies?

Back 109

Aboral cup

Front 110

What does the aboral cup contain in sea lillies?

Back 110

Visceral mass

Front 111

What structure of sea lillies consist of stacked ossicles with extensions of the coelom, associated organ systems, and water vascular system?

Back 111

arms

Front 112

What does the sea lily stalk consist of?

Back 112

discoid columnals

Front 113

In sea lilies, what do discoid columnals make up?

Back 113

stalk

Front 114

In sea lilies, what structure anchors the animal to the substrate?

Back 114

holdfast

Front 115

In sea lilies, what is the function of a holdfast?

Back 115

anchor the sea lily to substrate

Front 116

In sea cucumbers, what are some tube feet modified to be?

Back 116

feeding tentacles

Front 117

In sea cucumbers, what structures are sometimes modified to be feeding tentacles?

Back 117

tube feet

Front 118

What type of feeders are sea cucumbers?

Back 118

Suspension feeders

Front 119

What type of echinoderm eviscerates its guts and leaving them with predators?

Back 119

Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers)

Front 120

When holothuroidea eviscerate their own guts to leave with predators as a means of escape, do they regenerate their guts later?

Back 120

Yes

Front 121

Identify Structure #1

Back 121

Pore pair

Front 122

Identify Structure #2

Back 122

Peristomial membrane

Front 123

Identify Structure #3

Back 123

Lip

Front 124

Identify Structure #4

Back 124

Tooth of Aristotle's Lantern

Front 125

Identify Structure #5

Back 125

Oral tube foot

Front 126

Identify Structure #6

Back 126

Ambulacral plate

Front 127

Identify Structure #7

Back 127

Abulacral tube food

Front 128

Identify Structure #8

Back 128

Spine

Front 129

Identify Structure #1

Back 129

Pinnules

Front 130

Identify Structure #2

Back 130

Arm

Front 131

Identify Structure #3

Back 131

Holdfast

Front 132

Identify Structure #4

Back 132

Columnal

Front 133

Identify Structure #5

Back 133

Aboral Cup

Front 134

Identify Structure #6

Back 134

Stalk

Front 135

Identify Structure #7

Back 135

Crown