Bio 1320 Exam 2

Front 1

RNA differs from DNA in that it contains the sugar ribose and uses the nitrogen containing base...

Back 1

Uracil

Front 2

DNA carries genetic info in its

Back 2

sequence of bases

Front 3

you have discovered a new virus and have isolated its nucleic acids. what feature could you look for to determine if the nucliec acids of this virus are RNA or DNA?

Back 3

If it is RNA, it will contain uracil

Front 4

Which of these is NOT a nucleic acid?

Back 4

DNA, RNA, ATP, are ALL nucleic acids

Front 5

Hemoglobin represents which level of protein organization?

Back 5

Quaternary structure

Front 6

A nucleotide is

Back 6

phosphate, sugar, and base

Front 7

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an example of a

Back 7

nucleic acid

Front 8

A member of which of the following macromolecule groups is crucial to the structure and function of the cell membrane?

Back 8

lipids

Front 9

your classmate is trying to keep all the facts about biological molecules straight. she is confused abt proteins and asks you to explain how the terms amino acid and protein are related. what do you tell her?

Back 9

proteins are made up of a chain of amino acids

Front 10

the "backbone" of a nucleic acid moelcule is made of

Back 10

alternating sugar and phosphate groups.

Front 11

complex three-dimensional tertiary structures of globular proteins are characterized by

Back 11

disulfide bridges

Front 12

which of the following may possess primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure?

Back 12

proteins

Front 13

which of these macromolecule contains coded genetic info?

Back 13

nucleic acids

Front 14

which of these is an example of a protein?

Back 14

hemoglobin

Front 15

keratin and silk are examples of __ while glucose and sucrose are examples of __

Back 15

proteins;carbohydrates

Front 16

what maintains the secondary structure of a protein?

Back 16

hydrogen bonds

Front 17

large biological molecules are synthesized by removing?

Back 17

water

Front 18

where do covalent bonds form betw two deoxyribose nucleotides?

Back 18

betw deoxyribose and a phosphate group

Front 19

how do amino acids differ from each other?

Back 19

exact sequence of amino acids

Front 20

which of the following macromolecules is composed of amino acid subunits?

Back 20

proteins

Front 21

organisms contain thousands of different proteins composed of ___ different amino acids.

Back 21

20

Front 22

specifically, a peptide bond forms betw which groups?

Back 22

carboxyl and amino groups

Front 23

what are the four major types of macromolecules?

Back 23

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Front 24

how is a denatured protein different from a normal protein?

Back 24

a denatured protein has no secondary or tertiary structure

Front 25

the group of bilogical molecules most diverse in function is

Back 25

proteins

Front 26

sequence info in DNA determines which of the following conformational components of proteins?

Back 26

primary, secondary, and tertiary

Front 27

which of the following macromolecules is composed of monomer units containing a sugar, a phosphate roup, and a nitrogen-containing base?

Back 27

nucleic acids

Front 28

Which nucleic acid functions as an energy carrier in the cell?

Back 28

ATP

Front 29

a mass of RNA found in the nucleus is a

Back 29

nucleolus

Front 30

plasmodesmata are related to

Back 30

wall junctions in plants

Front 31

which of the following are sometimes referred to as rough or smooth, depending of the structure?

Back 31

endoplasmic reticula

Front 32

which of the following are the primary structures for the packaging of cellular secretions for export from the cell?

Back 32

golgi bodies

Front 33

which of the following is thought to be the descendant of engulfed ancient bacteria?

Back 33

mitochondria

Front 34

one of the generalizations of the cell theory is that

Back 34

all living organisms are made up of cells

Front 35

which of the following junctions permit(s) cytoplasmic interconnections betw cells?

Back 35

only gap junctions and plasmodesmata

Front 36

Starch is stored in

Back 36

plastids

Front 37

if a biologist said that the human body might be getting its power from "bacteria" he would be referring to

Back 37

the mitochondria in our cells that may have originated as endosymbiotic bacteria

Front 38

the oarganelle that pinches off portions of its membrane to form a vesicle used for storage or transport is the

Back 38

golgi body

Front 39

prokaryotic cells do NOT have

Back 39

membrane-bound nuclei

Front 40

which of the following contain enzymes and are the main organelles of intracellular digestion?

Back 40

lysosomes

Front 41

fluid-filled sacs that may store food, water soluable pigments and proteins, salt, or water in cells are called

Back 41

vacuoles

Front 42

four of the five answers listed below are familiar organelles in the cytoplasm. select the exception.

Back 42

nucleolus

Front 43

cells are of small size because of considerations of

Back 43

diffusion

Front 44

which of the following is NOT found as a part of all cells?

Back 44

cell wall

Front 45

four of the five answers listed below are types of intercellular connections. select the exception.

Back 45

cilia

Front 46

which of the following are the primary cellular sites for the release of energy from carbohydrates?

Back 46

mitochondria

Front 47

the organelle that is compared to a whip is a

Back 47

flagellum

Front 48

four of the five answers listed below are features of plasma membrane extensions. select the exception.

Back 48

choloplast

Front 49

four of the finve answers listed below are bound by membranes. select the exception.

Back 49

ribosome

Front 50

the first cell seen by robert hooke using a microscope was a

Back 50

cork cell

Front 51

Actin microfilaments are commonly found in

Back 51

cilia, flagella, and skeletal muscle cells

Front 52

which of the following organelles is correctly matched with its function?

Back 52

golgi bodies; packaging

Front 53

four of the five answers listed below are organelles found in eukaryotic cells. select the exception.

Back 53

nucleoid

Front 54

which of the following are found in both plant and animal cells?

Back 54

ribosomes, mitochondria, plasma membranes

Front 55

which of the following are the primary cellular assembly sites for the production of proteins?

Back 55

ribosomes

Front 56

which of the following are made of two subuntis and are composed of RNA and protein?

Back 56

ribosomes

Front 57

the breakdown of plasma or nuclear membrane would yield

Back 57

phopholipids and proteins

Front 58

cell components used to move chromosomes are the

Back 58

microtubules

Front 59

structural features that contain the protein actin and help to control the shapes of cells are

Back 59

microfilaments

Front 60

the cell wall

Back 60

prvides structural support for plants

Front 61

the highest magnification generally used to study cells is provided by the

Back 61

transmission electron microscope

Front 62

Only plant cells possess

Back 62

a central vacuole, plastids, grana, and cholorphyll

Front 63

a "9+2 array" refers to

Back 63

both microtubules and cilia

Front 64

if a cell didnt have ribosomes, it would be unable to

Back 64

form proteins

Front 65

the centrosome of a cell

Back 65

gives rise to the spindle microtubules, it a type of microtubule organizing center, and is located near the nucleus.

Front 66

the endoplasmic reticulum

Back 66

serves as the internal transportation system of a cell

Front 67

cilia and flagella

Back 67

are fundamentally the same structurally

Front 68

energy stored in which of the following molecules is converted by mitochondria to form a form usable by the cell?

Back 68

carbon compunds

Front 69

organelles composed of a system of membrane sheets, canals, tubes, and sacs that transport molecules inside the cytoplasm are

Back 69

endoplasmic reticula

Front 70

osmosis moves water from a region of

Back 70

low concentration of dissolved material to a region of high concentration

Front 71

solutions that cause water to enter cells by osmosis are termed

Back 71

hypotonic

Front 72

active trasport requires

Back 72

a gradient, transport proteins, ATP, a membrane

Front 73

adhesion of animal tissues is accomplished by cell-to-cell junctions called

Back 73

desmosomes

Front 74

recognition proteins are most important for

Back 74

distinguishing foreign cells from "self" cells

Front 75

if red blood cells are taken form the body and places in a hypertonic solution, what happens to the cells?

Back 75

the cells shrivel up because water leaves the cells

Front 76

if a frog egg cell is placed into a hypotonic solution it will

Back 76

swell by osmosis

Front 77

gases cross membranes by

Back 77

diffusion

Front 78

in reference to diffusion, "passive" really means

Back 78

no energy required

Front 79

for diffusion to occur, there must be

Back 79

a gradient

Front 80

a molecule that can diffuse freely through a phospholipid bilayer is probably

Back 80

hydrophobic

Front 81

to say a cell is selectively permeable means

Back 81

only certain molecules can pass through

Front 82

a freshwater protozoan, such as Paramecium, tends to ___ because it lives in a ___ environment

Back 82

gain water; hypotonic

Front 83

carbon dioxide crosses the plasma membrane by simple diffusion. what determines the rate at which carbon dioxide enter the cell?

Back 83

the concentration of carbon dioxide on each side of the membrane