Bio 111: Unit 1 (Chap 1-3)

Front 1

What are the 5 factors that life requires?

Back 1

Water, heat, pressure,food, oxygen (gas)

Front 2

What are the main characteristics of life?

Back 2

Movement

Responsiveness

Growth

Reproduction

Respiration

Front 3

What is the study of structure /morphology of the human body and its part? What is the Greek term for it?

Back 3

Anatomy

“Cutting up”

Front 4

Define homeostasis.

Back 4

Maintenance of a stable internal environment

Front 5

What are the 3 parts of a homeostatic mechanism. Define their functions.

Back 5

Receptor: detects and provides info about the stimuli

Control center: decision maker that maintains the set point

Effector: muscle or gland that responds to the control center and causes necessary change

Front 6

Which portion contains the head, neck, and trunk?

Back 6

Axial

Front 7

Which portion contains the upper and lower limbs?

Back 7

Appendicular

Front 8

The muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Back 8

Diaphragm

Front 9

Region between lungs in thoracic cavity

Back 9

Mediastinum

Front 10

What does the abdominal cavity consists of

Back 10

Extends from diaphragm to top of pelvis, stomach, liver, spleen, kidneys, small intestines, most of large intestines

Front 11

What does the pelvic cavity consist of

Back 11

Enclosed by the pelvic bones, end of large intestines, urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs

Front 12

________ often forms isotopes

Back 12

Oxygen

Front 13

What are the pH blood ranges?

Back 13

Acidosis : 7.25-7.35

Alkalosis : 7.45-7.55

Front 14

What is the basic unit of structure and function in the body? And give examples of the differentiated types.

Back 14

Cell

Astrocytes, podocytes, chondrocytes

Front 15

What are the 3 major parts of the cell?

Back 15

Nucleus

Cell membrane

Cytoplasm

Front 16

Cytoplasm consists of organelles, with specific functions suspended in a liquid called____________

Back 16

Cytosol

Front 17

Cell (plasma) membrane regulates entry and exit of substances meaning it is__________ _________

Back 17

Selectively permeable

Front 18

Cell membrane framework is a __________ __________. Give the examples.

Back 18

Phospholipid bilayer

Hydrophilic-water-soluble (heads form surfaces)

Hydrophobic- water-insoluble(heads form interior)

Front 19

“Gel” of the cell, consists of membranes and organelles suspended in cytosol

Back 19

Cytoplasm

Front 20

Composed of protein and RNA, free in cytoplasm or on RER

Back 20

Ribosomes

Front 21

Membrane-bound sacs, canals, vesicles. Tubular transport system.

Back 21

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

RER-contains ribosomes, conducts protein synthesis

SER-does not have ribosomes, conducts lipids synthesis

Front 22

Store or transport substances

Back 22

Vesicles

Front 23

Refines, packages, and delivers proteins made on the RER, “post-office” of the cell. Tell the vesicles where to go

Back 23

Golgi apparatus

Front 24

House chemical reactions that extract energy from nutrients, “powerhouse” of the cell

Back 24

Mitochondria

Front 25

Contains enzymes that digest proteins, carbohydrates, nucleus acids, bacteria, debris, worn out cells. “Garbage disposal” of the cell

Back 25

Lysosomes

Front 26

Contain enzymes that digest lipids, alcohol, hydrogen peroxide

Back 26

Peroxisomes

Front 27

“Central body”, made up of microtubules, pull apart DNA in mitosis

Back 27

Centrosome

Front 28

Only found in sperm cells

Back 28

Flagella

Front 29

Contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities

Back 29

Nucleus

Front 30

Double layer membrane, holds DNA

Back 30

Nuclear envelope

Front 31

“Little nucleus”, production of ribosomes

Back 31

Nucleolus

Front 32

Consists of cell chromosomes, houses your gene

Back 32

Chromatin

Front 33

Movement does not require ATP. Give examples.

Back 33

Physical (passive) processes

*diffusion

*osmosis

*facilitated diffusion

*filtration

Front 34

Movement requires ATP. Give examples

Back 34

Physiological (active) processs

*active transport

*endocytosis

*exocytosis

*transcytosis

Front 35

Define osmosis

Back 35

Movement across water, higher water concentration to lower water concentration. Passive, no nATP required

Front 36

______ ________ same osmotic pressure, no net gain or loss of water (out=in)

Back 36

Isotonic solution

Front 37

______ _______ higher osmotic pressure (too much water in the cell)

Back 37

Hypertonic solution

Front 38

______ _______ lower osmotic pressure, lower water concentration inside the cell(out water higher)

Back 38

Hypotonic solution

Front 39

______ process that forces molecules through membranes by exerting pressure. No ATP required

Back 39

Filtration

Front 40

______-anything that takes up space and has matter. Matter is composed of elements. Give some examples

Back 40

Matter

Solid, liquid, gas