Art I

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color

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the visual response to the wavelengths of sunlight identified as: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet; having he physical properties of hue, intensity, and value

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hue

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designates the common name of a color and indicates its position in the spectrum or on the color wheel; determined by the specific wavelengths of the color in a ray of light (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet)

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intensity

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the saturation, strength, or purity of a hue; a vivid or bright color is of high intensity, dull color is of low intensity

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color value

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the characteristic of color determined by light or dark, or the quantity of light reflected by the color; add white or black to get various color values

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color spectrum

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the band if individual colors hat results when a bean of white light is cast through a prism and broken into individual wavelengths, identifiable as hues (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet)

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pigments

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color substances that give their color property to another material by being mixed with it or covering it (paints, inks, powders, etc.)

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primary colors

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the preliminary hues that can't be broken down or reduced into component colors; the basic hues in any color system that in theory may be used to mix all other colors (red, yellow, blue)

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secondary colors

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a color produced by a mixture of two primary colors (orange, violet, green)

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intermediate/tertiary colors

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a color produced by a mixture of a primary and a secondary color (yellow+orange, red+orange, red+violet, blue+violet, blue+green, yellow+green, etc.)

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analogous

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colors that are found next to each other on the color wheel (yellow, yellow-green, green, blue-green)

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complimentary

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two colors directly opposite each other on the color wheel; a primary color is complimentary to a secondary color (red and green, red-orange and blue-green)

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split-compliment

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a color and the two colors on either side of its complement (red, yellow-green, blue-green)

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monochromatic

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having only one hue; the compliment range of value of one color from white (tints) to black (shades)

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warm colors

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the hues on the color wheel that seem warm in temperature: yellow, yellow-orange, orange, red-orange, red, red-violet

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cool colors

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the hues on the color wheel that seem cool in temperature: yellow-green, green, blue-green, blue, blue-violet, violet

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tints

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hues plus white

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shades

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hues plus black

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grayscale

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white plus black; also called a value scale

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balance

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sense of stability in the body of work; balance can be created by repeating same shapes and by creating a feeling of equal weight

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emphasis

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refers to developing points of interest to pull the viewer's eye to import parts of the body of work

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contrast

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large difference between two things: for example, rough and smooth, yellow and purple, light and dark; contrast adds excitement, drama, and interest

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rhythm

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type of movement in drawing and painting; seen in repeating of shapes and colors; alternating light and dark also give a sense of rhythm

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variety

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differences in the work; can achieve variety by using different shapes, textures, colors and values in your work

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proportion

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relationships of the size of objects in a body of work

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movement

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adds excitement to your work by showing action and directing the viewer's eye throughout the work

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unity/harmony

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unity: all the parts equal a whole (not disjointed or confusing)
harmony: using similar elements throughout the work - gives an uncomplicated look to your work

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scale

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relationships of the size of objects in a body of work

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length

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long, short, continuous, broken

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width

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thick, thin, tapering, uneven

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direction

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horizontal, vertical, diagonal, curving, perpendicular, oblique, parallel, radial, zigzag

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feel/emotion

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sharp, blurry, fuzzy, choppy, jagged, graceful, smooth

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gesture

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lines that are energetic and catches the movement and gestures of an active figure

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contour

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lines that describe the shape of an object AND the interior detail

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calligraphic

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lines that are elegant and and precise and that have tapered areas that flow from thick to thin; comes from he Greek word "calligraphy," meaning "beautiful writing"

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implied

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lines that are not actually drawn or lines that are not actually drawn or incorporated; lines that do not actually exist but appear to be there due to the arrangement of elements and principles in a composition; often creates movement throughout the composition

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parallel

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lines or shapes that run along one another side by side

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perpendicular

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lines or shapes that intersect one another at a 90 degree angle

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axis

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center of a line of shape

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diagrammatic/structural

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lines that serve as guide lines to depict dimension and scale of an object or scene; exist on a vertical, horizontal, and diagonal grid; often used as an underlying base of framework upon which technically precise drawing are built

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real/actual texture

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gives a visual interest or evoke real texture, but in fact is just a smooth piece of paper

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implied/simulated texture

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2-D piece of art (drawing/painting) that is made to look like a real texture, but in fact is just a smooth piece of paper or canvas; a drawing of a tree trunk may look rough but in fact it is just a smooth piece of paper

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natural texture

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real texture of objects that come FROM NATURE; not man-made

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synthetic texture

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real texture of objects that are MAN-MADE; not from nature