Ace Pt Ch. 7

Front 1

What is the objective of the Thomas Test?

Back 1

To assess the length of the muscles involved in hip flexion. This test can actually assess the length of the primary hip flexors.

Front 2

What is the objective of the Passive Straight-leg (PSL) Raise?

Back 2

To assess the length of the hamstrings

Front 3

What test is completed in conjuction with Apley's scratch test?

Back 3

-The shoulder flexion-extension test
-An internal-external rotation test of the humerus

Front 4

What is the objective of the Shoulder Flexion and Extension?

Back 4

To assess the degree of shoulder flexion and extension.

Front 5

What is the objective of the Apley's Scratch test for Shoulder Mobility

Back 5

To assess simultaneous movements of the shoulder girdle (primarily the scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joints).

Front 6

While movement is integral to human survival, it operates from a static base or alignment of the body segments, which is commonly referred to as _________

Back 6

posture

Front 7

Define good posture

Back 7

Good posture or structural integrity is defined as that state of musculoskeletal alignment and balance that allows muscles, joints, and nerves to function efficiently.

Front 8

Movement begins from a position of _________ ________

Back 8

Static posture

Front 9

What are correctible factors for muscle imbalance?

Back 9

- Repetitive movements
- Awkward positions
- Side dominance
- Lack of joint stability and/or mobility
- Imbalance strength - training programs

Front 10

What are non-correctible factors for muscle imbalance?

Back 10

- Congenital conditions
- Some pathologies like rheumatoid arthritis
- Structural deviations
- Certain types of trauma

Front 11

What are the 5 common postural deviations?

Back 11

1. Ankle pronation/supination and the effect on tibial and femoral rotaion.
2. Hip adduction
3. Hip tilting (anterior or posterior)
4. Shoulder position and the thoratic spine
5. Head position

Front 12

What are the 5 primary movements that people perform during daily activities?

Back 12

- Bending/raising and lifting/lowering movements
- Single-leg movements
- Pushing movements and resultant movement
- Pulling movements and resultant movement
- Rotational movements

Front 13

What is the objective of the plumb-line assessment?

Back 13

To observe the client's symmetry against the plumb line and teh right angles that the weightbearing joings make relative to the line of gravity.

Front 14

Define Pronation

Back 14

arch flattening

Front 15

Define Supination

Back 15

high arches

Front 16

A pronated ankle position typically forces internal rotation of what?

Back 16

tibia and slightly less internal rotation of the femur

Front 17

Ankle pronation can put additional stress on what ligaments?

Back 17

Knee ligaments
Can put stress on the ligaments themselves

Front 18

Hip ______________ defines a lateral tilt of the pelvis that elevates on hip higher than the other, which may be evident in individuals who have a ______-__________ descrepancy.

Back 18

adduction
limb-length

Front 19

___________ tilting of the pelvis frequently occurs with people who are sedentary and spend a lot of time seated.

Back 19

Anterior
which usually indicates tight hip flexors

Front 20

Define lordosis

Back 20

Excessive anterior curvature of the spine that typically occurs at the low back (may also occur at the neck).

Front 21

An ___________ pelvic tilt will increase lordosis in the lubar spine, whereas a _____________ pelvic tils will reduce the amount of lordosis in the lumbar spine.

Back 21

anterior, posterior

Front 22

Tight or overdominant hip flexors are usually coupled with what to produce an anterior pelvic tilt?

Back 22

erector spinae

Front 23

overdominant rectus abdominis muscles are generally coupled with what to produce a posterior pelvic tilt?

Back 23

hamstrings

Front 24

Shoulder Position
Observation: Shoulders not level
which muscles are suspected of being tight?
which plane of view?

Back 24

Upper trapezius, levator scapula, rhomboids
Frontal

Front 25

Shoulder position
Observation: Asymmetry to midline
which muscles are suspected of being tight?
which plane of view?

Back 25

Lateral trunk flexors (flexed side)
Frontal

Front 26

Shoulder Position
Observation: Protracted (forward, rounded)
which muscles are suspected of being tight?
which plane of view?

Back 26

Serratus anterior, anterior scapulo-humeral muscles, upper trapezius.
Sagittal

Front 27

Shoulder Position
Observation - Medially rotated humerus
which muscles are suspected of being tight?
which plane of view?

Back 27

Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, subscapularis
Frontal

Front 28

Kyphosis and depressed chest

Back 28

Shoulder adductors, pectoralis minor, rectus abdominis, interal oblique
Sagittal

Front 29

Head Position
Observation - Forward-head position
which muscles are suspected of being tight?
which plane of view?

Back 29

Cervical spine extensors, upper trapezius, levator scapulae
Sagittal

Front 30

What is the objective of the clearing tests?

Back 30

Not to uncover underlying pain that merits referal, but to ensure that pain is not exacerbated by movement.

Front 31

What is the objective of the Bend and Lift Screen?

Back 31

To examine symmetrical lower-extremity mobility and stability, and upper-extremity stability during a bend-and-lift movement

Front 32

What is the objective of the Hurdle Step Screen?

Back 32

To examine simultaneus mobility of one limb and stability of the contralateral limb while maintaining both hip and torso stabilization under a balance challenge of standing on one leg.

Front 33

What is the objective of the Shoulder Push Stabilization Screen?

Back 33

To examine stabilization of the scapulothoracic jiont during closed-kinetic-chain pushing movements

Front 34

What is the objective of the Shoulder Pull Stabilization Screen?

Back 34

To examine the client's ability to stabalize the scapulothoracic joint during closed-kinetic-chain pulling movements.

Front 35

During the Shoulder Pull Stabilization Screen a clients scapula moves into protraction during the pull. What are some suspected compensations?

Back 35

Inability of the parascapular muscles (serratus anterior, trapezius, levator scapula, rhomboids), to stabilize the scapulae against the ribcage.

Front 36

A client shows trunk rotation during the Should Pull Stabalization Screen. What are some key suspected compensations?

Back 36

Lack of core stability

Front 37

What is the objective of the Thoratic Spine Mobility Screen?

Back 37

To examine bilateral mobility of the thoratic spine.

Front 38

What is the objective of the Sharpened Romberg Test?

Back 38

To assess static balance by standing with a reduced base of support while removing visual sensory information

Front 39

During the Sharpened Romberg Test.
The inability to reach _____ seconds is indicative of inadequate static balance and postural control.

Back 39

30

Front 40

During the Sharpened Romberg Test, continue to time the client's performance until one of the following occurs.

Back 40

- The client loses postural control and balance
- The client's feet move on the floor
- The client's eyes open
- The client's arms move from the folded position.
- The client exceeds 60 seconds with good posture

Front 41

What is the objective of the Stork-stand Balance Test?

Back 41

To assess static balance by standing on one foot in a modified stork-stand position.

Front 42

What is the objective of the Core Function: Blood Pressure Cuff Test?

Back 42

To assess core function, as demonstrated by the ability to draw the abdominal wall inward via the coordinated action of the transverse abdominis and realted core muscles without activation of the rectus abdominis.

Front 43

Thomas Test: Muscles suspected of being tight?
With the back and sacrum flat, the back of the lowered thigh does not touch the table and the knee does not flex to 80 degrees.

Back 43

Primary hip flexor muscles

Front 44

Thomas Test: Muscles suspected of being tight?
With the back and sacrum flat, the back of the lowered thigh does not touch the table, but the knee does flex to 80 degrees.

Back 44

The ilipsoas, which is preventing the hip from rotating posteriorly (this would allow the back of the thigh to touch the table)

Front 45

Thomas Test: Muscles suspected of being tight?
With the back and sacrum flat, the back of the lowered thigh does touch the table, but the knee does not flex to 80 degrees.

Back 45

The rectus femoris, which does not allow the knee to bend.

Front 46

Passive Straight-leg Raise: Is hamstring length normal or tight?
The raised leg achieves >equal 80 degrees of movement before the pelvis rotates posteriorly

Back 46

Normal

Front 47

Passive Straight-leg Raise: Is hamstring length normal or tight?
The raised leg achieves <80 degrees of movement before the pelvis rotates posteriorly or ther are any visible signs in the opposite leg lifting off the mat or table.

Back 47

Tight

Front 48

Shoulder flexion/extension:
Interpretation/Limitation - Flexion
Ability to flex the shoulders to 170-180 degrees (hands touching/nearly touching floor)

Back 48

Good shoulder mobility

Front 49

Shoulder flexion/extension:
Interpretation/Limitation - Extension
Ability to extend shoulders to 50-60 degrees off the floor.

Back 49

Good shoulder mobility

Front 50

Stork-stand Balance Test:
Male >50 and females >30

Back 50

Excellent