Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
11-1
How do psychologists define motivation? From what perspectives do they view motivated behavior? |
-Motivation: a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior.
-Four perspective on motivation: *Instinct-complex pattern in a species that is unlearned. *Drive reduction theory- idea that psychological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need. *Arousal theory-beyond homeostatic needs, motivation is triggered by arousal. *Hierarchy of needs- pyramid of human needs that starts with physiological needs that must first be satisfied (food and water) before higher level safety needs and then psychological needs become active. |
|
11-2
What psychological factors produce hunger? |
-Low glucose triggers hunger.
-Hunger is triggered by neural arcs, controlled by the hypothalamus to release hormones that trigger or diminish hunger. |
|
11-3
What psychological, cultural, and situational factors influence hunger? |
-Chemistry and environmental factors together influence hunger and taste preference.
-Sweet and salty are universal but preferences are conditioned. Culture affects taste. -Situations control eating. People eat more when eating together. Quantity and variety influence eating. |
|
11-4
What factors predispose some people to become and remain obese? |
-Set points, metabolism, genetics, and environmental factors influence weight gain.
|
|
11-5
What is the human sexual response cycle, and what disorders disrupt it? |
-Four stages of sexual responding-excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.
-Disorders include: erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, orgasmic dysfunction |
|
11-6
How do hormones, and external in internal stimuli, influence human sexual motivation? |
-Hormones activate sexual behavior; estrogen in women and testosterone in men. Ovulation is a time for sexual peak in women, men are more continuous.
-Internal factors of sexuality are considered a "want" rather than a "need". Imagination can stimulate sexual desire. -External stimuli, such a pornography stimulate sexual desire. |
|
11-7
What factors influence teen pregnancy and risk of sexually transmitted infection? |
-Factors increasing risk include: little communication about birth control, guilt, alcohol, media.
-Teenage girls without protective antibodies increased risk. Lower risk groups: -High intelligence -Religion -Father -Programs |
|
11-8
What has research taught us about sexual orientation? |
-Homosexuality is not a mental disorder or social problem.
-Homosexuals do appear more in certain populations -Brains do differ with neurotransmitter clusters -There is genetic influence -Prenatal hormones do affect sexual orientation |
|
11-9
Is scientific research on sexual motivation value free? |
-Every effort is made to exclude values from scientific research as it is a basis for bias
|
|
11-10
What evidence points to our human need to belong? |
-
|
|
11-11
How does social networking influence us? |
-
|
|
11-12
What is "flow", and what are the three sub fields of industrial organizational psychology? |
-
|
|
11-13
How do personnel psychologists help organizations with employee selection, work placement, and performance appraisal? |
-
|
|
11-14
What is achievement motivation? What is the role of organizational psychologists? |
-
|
|
11-15
What are some effective leadership techniques? |
-
|
|
11-16
How do human factor psychologists work to create user-friendly machines and work settings? |
-
|