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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Western blot
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-Western blot used to ID proteins
-vs. northern blot identifies specific RNA sequences -vs. southern blotting identifies specific DNA |
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Craniopharyngiomas
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-craniopharyngiomas are calcified cystic tumors
-they arise from the remnants of Rathke's pouch (an embryonic precursor of the anterior pituitary) -craniopharyngiomas commonly cause headaches, growth failure, and bitemporal hemianopia |
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X-linked recessive inheritance
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-in X-linked recessive inheritance:
-affected males will always produce unaffected sons and carrier daughters -carrier females have 50% chance of producing affected sons and carrier daughters -G6PD deficiency follows this inheritance pattern, causing acute hemolytic anemia in response to oxidant drugs |
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Respiratory tract lining
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-respiratory tract lining changes in structure and function as it progresses distally
-bronchi have pseudo-stratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells and sub-mucosal much-serous glands and cartilage -bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, and respiratory bronchioles generally lack goblet cells, glands and cartilage -by level of terminal bronchioles, airway epithelium is ciliated simple cuboidal --epithelial cilia persist up to the end of the respiratory bronchioles |
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Treatment of minors
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-minors can consent to treatment for pregnancy, sexually transmitted disease, birth control, and drug or alcohol addiction without parental consent or notification
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Graft-versus-host disease mechanism
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-GVH disease is mediated by T-lymphocytes of donor tissue that are sensitized against MHC antigens of recipient
--skin, liver, and intestine are commonly involved in GVH disease |
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Picornaviruses
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-picornaviruses are small RNA-containing viruses
-the picornaviridae family includes rhinovirus and enterovirus genera -rhinoviruses are ACID-LABILE – therefore cannot colonize GI tract or cause gastroenteritis -enteroviruses are relatively acid stable and can therefore pass through the stomach to colonize or infect the GI tract --enteroviruses of the picornaviridae family include: echovirus, poliovirus, Coxsackie A, and Hepatitis A |
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Nucleolus
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-nucleolus = intra-nuclear body that synthesizes ribosomal RNA, i.e., site of rRNA synthesis
-nucleolus visible by both light microscopy and electron microscopy |
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CO2 production during aerobic exercise
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-during aerobic exercise, increased skeletal muscle CO2 production increases Pco2 of mixed venous blood
-meanwhile, homeostatic mechanisms MAINTAIN ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS LEVELS and ARTERIAL pH near their resting levels |
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Sensitivity and specificity on a graph
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-degree of overlap between healthy and diseased population curves limits the maximum combined sensitivity and specificity of a test
-DECREASED OVERLAP BETWEEN THE HEALTHY AND DISEASED POPULATION CURVES means that there are decreased false positives and false negatives --this entails higher sensitivity and specificity |
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Muscles used when sitting up from supine position
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-muscles used when sitting up from supine position include external abdominal obliques, rectus abdomens, and hip flexors
-the iliopsoas muscle is them most important of the hip flexors – includes psoas major, psoas minor, and iliac us -rectus femoris, sartorius, tensor fascia lata and medial compartment of thigh also contribute to hip flexion |
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Aortic regurgitation murmur
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-hemodynamic profile shows high peaking left ventricular and aortic pressures during systole and steep diastolic decline in aortic pressure, resulting in increased pulse pressure
-murmur of AR is typically heard best at left sternal border, with patient leaning forward (brings valve close to chest wall) and at end expiration (listening during expiration often accentuates left-sided heart murmurs) |
