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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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System of car control, be aware of… |
Human factors/ the purpose of the journey The traffic situation Vehicle control |
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A hazard is |
Anything that is an actual or potential danger |
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How does system of car control work |
Information, position, speed, gear, acceleration |
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TUG |
Take, use, give |
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When to use mirrors |
If you consider changing position or speed Check what is happening to the front, sides and behind |
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When to use signals |
Whenever it could benefit another road user, this includes sounding your horn |
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Processing complex information |
Input Decision making Output Feedback |
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Reaction time equation |
Reaction time = decision time + response time |
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Errors of perception |
Errors of judgement Errors of hazard perception Habit and expectancy Regression effects |
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Three types of hazard |
Physical features The position on movement of another road user Weather conditions |
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Key stages of planning |
Observe Anticipate Prioritise Decide what to do Act |
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The greater the danger… |
The higher the priority |
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Scanning the environment |
Drivers who rapidly scan the whole environment, looking for different kinds of hazards, have a much lower risk of accident than drivers who concentrate on one area |
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What is the safe stopping distance at 70mph |
100 metres |
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Safe stopping distance rule |
Always drive so you can stop safely within the distance you can see to be clear on your own side of the road |
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Assessing what is a speed is depends on |
Your driving capability Your awareness of human factors like tiredness Your vehicles capabilities The road and weather conditions |
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Tiredness can vary with the time of day like |
Your reactions tend to be slightly slower in the morning than in the early evening There is a dip in alertness after the midday meal The greatest risk of tiredness related collisions is between the hours of 11 pm and 6 am |
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Use dipped headlights: |
In a built-up areas with street lights In situations when dipped, headlights and more effective than the main beam In heavy rain, snow and fog |
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Only use fog lights when… |
Visibility is 100 m or less |
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During acceleration |
The rear tyres gain grip, the front tyres lose grip |
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OUR |
Observe Understand React |
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The faster you go… |
the further, you’ll travel before you can react to a hazard |
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Use the accelerator on the bend to |
Maintain a constant speed round the bend. A constant speed keeps your weight evenly distributed front and rear and insurers maximum tyre grip. |
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Automatic transmission modes |
P - Park R - Reverse N - Neutral D - Drive Additional modes are: S - Sport (changes gear at higher revs giving greater acceleration and engine braking) E - Economy (changes gear at lower revs giving greater fuel efficiency) M - Manual |
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Aquaplaning |
Water builds up between the road surface and front tyres. A wider tyre is more likely to aquaplane |
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On a left hand bend, position your car… |
Towards the middle of the road |
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Three things to consider when overtaking |
The vehicle you’re overtaking External factors The interaction between the vehicle you’re overtaking and those external factors |
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Overtaken requires you to… |
Negotiate dynamic hazards (moving vehicles) as well as fixed ones (road layout). It may bring you into the path of other vehicles. |
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Two overtaking situations |
A single stage overtake A three stage overtake |
