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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When you come across a zebra crossing with a central island in the middle how should you approach it? |
Treat as two separate crossings (Rule 20) |
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In England and Wales the maximum breath alcohol level per 100 millilitres is what? |
35 microgrammes |
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For what purpose does the H/C suggest that you use an arm signal? |
To emphasis or reinforce your signal when necessary |
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In stationary queues of traffic drivers should apply the parking brake once following traffic has stopped. Why? |
To deactivate the vehicle brake lights. This will minimise glare to the road users behind until the traffic moves again |
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What element of the system of car control is continuously in use? |
Information, which is taken, used and given (acronym: TUG) TAKE: look (don’t glance) all around the car and use the mirrors; don’t forget that sound and smell are also sources of information USE: use the information you have gain to make your driving plan GIVE: give a clear signal in good time if it could help other road users; always consider a signal (after checking the mirrors) if you are considering changing speed (braking) or direction |
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What is the order of the remaining phases of the system? |
Position, speed, gear, acceleration |
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What should you do if the information changes? |
Re-enter the phases of the system |
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In a car with an automatic gearbox, can we ignore the gear phase? |
Not entirely. Modern gearboxes are very sophisticated, but they work from the car’s speed; they cannot see bends ahead and on winding roads, you may want to select a gear which you want to retain. |
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What range of signals are available to you? Roadcraft identifies eight. |
Range of Signals: indicators hazard warning lights brake lights headlights position of your vehicle horn signals arm signals courtesy signals (for example, raising a hand to thank another driver) |
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The H/C states that it is permissible to leave the engine running if the vehicle is stationary and for what other reason? |
For diagnosing faults |
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The overall stopping distance consists of two elements – what are they? |
Thinking distance – Braking distance |
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How does a hazard line differ in appearance from a standard lane marking? |
The line is longer and the gap between each line is shorter. |
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Where on a road would you find the following reflective road studs White Red Amber Green Green and yellow |
White – Mark the lanes or middle of the road Red – Mark the left edge of the road Amber – Mark the central reservation on a dual carriageway or motorway Green – Mark the edge of the main carriageway at lay-bys and slip roads Green / Yellow studs indicate temporary adjustments to lane layouts e.g., roadworks |
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Holders of non- European Community licences who are now resident in the UK may only drive on that licence for what period. |
12 months from the date that they became resident in this country |
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What constitutes a hazard? |
Anything that is an actual or potential danger |
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How does the system of car control help you to deal with hazards? |
It is a way of approaching and negotiating hazards that is methodical, safe and leaves nothing to chance. It involves careful observation, early anticipation and planning, and a systematic use of the controls to maintain your vehicle’s stability in all situations. |
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Roadcraft suggests that there are three types (or categories) of hazard. What are they? |
Physical features (or road layout) The position and movement of other road users Weather conditions |
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Since hazards usually come more than one at once, what factors should be taken into account on approaching them? |
The hazard itself How close it is The road layout Whether the hazard is stationary or moving How fast you are approaching it |
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Advanced driving requires a driving plan to meet the unfolding situation. Roadcraft identifies five things to consider in making a driving plan. What are they? |
What you can see What you can’t see What you might reasonably expect to happen Which hazards represent the greatest risk What to do if things turn out differently from expected (contingency plans) |
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Describe the sign warning of loose chippings |
A triangular sign show half a car travelling toward with chippings flying up from the tyre |
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What is the fundamental difference between a Toucan crossing and a Pelican or Puffin? |
The Toucan crossing allows cyclists and pedestrians to share the crossing space and cross at the same time. Pedestrians and cyclists will see a green signal together and cyclists are permitted to ride across. |
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The H/C states that you must not drive under the influence of drugs or medicine. What additional advice does it offer for medicines? |
Check with your doctor or pharmacist and do not drive if you are advised that you may be impaired. |
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The law allows certain exemptions to wearing a seat belt, one is for medical reasons and also those making deliveries or collections in goods vehicles when travelling under what distance. |
50 metres (162 feet) |
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The H/C states that you must not use lights in such a way which would what? |
Dazzle or cause discomfort to other road users including pedestrians, cyclists and horse riders. |
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Roadcraft recommends keeping both hands on the wheel unless there is a need to change a control (gear lever or handbrake). It describes three methods of steering. When should you use pull-push? |
To make larger changes of direction |
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How does road camber affect steering and what is superelevation? |
On a left hand bend it increases the effect of your steering because the road slopes down in the direction of your turn. On a right hand bend it reduces the effect of steering because the road slopes away from the direction of your turn. Superelevation is where the whole width of the road is banked up towards the outside edge of the bend, making the slope favourable for cornering in both directions |
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What is the safe following distance? |
On a dry and well-made road surface, allow two seconds from the vehicle in front – “Only a fool breaks the two second rule”. In the wet, this should be increased to four seconds; in snow and ice allow twenty |
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What is the safe braking rule? |
Never drive so fast that you cannot stop safely within the distance you can see to be clear on your own side of the road. |
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What is the limit point and what is the purpose of using it? |
The limit point is the furthest point to which you have an uninterrupted view of the road surface. It gives a systematic way of judging the correct speed to use through the bend. Remember, that limit points can be vertical as well as horizontal; they exist on the approach to hidden dips and hill crests as well as to bends and junctions. |
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What is the speed limit for a car derived van with 2.0 tonne mlw on a motorway. |
70mph |
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Given the average car length of 4.0 metres (13 feet) how many car lengths does the H/C suggest it takes to typically stop when travelling at 70mph? |
24 car lengths (96 metres – 316 feet) |
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The H/C suggests that you do not cross a hazard line unless what? |
You can see that the road is clear and you wish to overtake or turn off. |
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When can you use the middle lane on a three-lane single carriageway? |
When overtaking and turning right. Remember that you have no more right to use the middle lane than a driver coming from the opposite direction. |
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From 20 May 2018, cars may be exempt from requiring an MOT provided that they have been manufactured and registered how many years? |
40 years unless they have been substantially changed within the previous 30 years |
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When does a skid develop? |
When one tyre or more loses normal grip on the road, causing an involuntary movement of the vehicle |
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What two regular checks can you carry out to reduce the risk of skidding? |
the condition and pressure of the tyres the correct operation of the brakes |
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What factors determine your vehicle’s ability to corner? Roadcraft lists six. |
the specification and condition of your vehicle, including the tyres your speed the amount of steering you apply the amount of acceleration or braking the slope across the road surface – camber and superelevation the road surface and how the weather has affected its grip the correct operation of the brakes |
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As you join a motorway, the approach road has two lanes. If you decide to use the outer lane, what should you avoid doing? |
Overtaking a vehicle on the inside lane without leaving plenty of space for you both to merge onto the main carriageway safely |
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What factors might make you unsafe to drive? Roadcraft identifies seven. |
illness attitude medication sleep (or lack of) alcohol food (or lack of) emotion Notice that if you take the first letter of each of these factors they spell out the words I AM SAFE. If you move ‘illness’ to the third place on this list, the initial letters ask the question “Am I safe?” |
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What is the minimum insurance requirement to use a vehicle on the road.? |
Third party |
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What distance should you be able to read a new style number plate in good daylight? |
20m |
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Over what height should a 12 or 13 year old child wear a seat belt? |
1.35m |
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The H/C states that what lights must be lit between sunset and sunrise? |
All sidelights and rear registration plate lights |
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How will coasting reduce driver control? |
engine braking is eliminated vehicle speed downhill will increase quickly increased use of the footbrake can reduce its effectiveness steering response will be affected, particularly on bends and corners it may be more difficult to select the appropriate gear when needed |
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What is an observation link? |
It is a clue to physical features and the likely behaviour of other road users. |
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Why are observation links important? |
They help you to anticipate road and traffic conditions as you scan the environment. |
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If you are driving at night, to which items of your vehicle should you pay special attention? Roadcraft lists four. |
windows mirrors light lenses indicators |
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If you have got your windscreen wipers in constant use, what other action should you take to improve your visibility? |
As a general rule, use dipped headlights |
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A concrete road surface offers good anti-skid grip. What is its drawback? |
Some concrete surfaces hold the water. In cold weather there is a risk that the water will freeze, making a slippery surface which is not easily seen. |
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What is the speed limit for a car derived van towing a trailer on a dual carriageway? |
60mph |
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If you have to stop in a tunnel what gap does the H/C suggest you leave between you and the vehicle in front? |
5m |
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How does the H/C define a dual carriageway? |
A road which has a central reservation to separate the carriageways |
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Describe the sign which would be displayed indication that you have priority over oncoming traffic. |
A rectangular sign displaying a large white arrow pointing up and a red arrow on the right pointing down |
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What class of invalid carriage is permitted on both the road and the pavement? |
Class 3 vehicles are those with an upper speed limit of 8 mph (12kph) and are equipped to use both pavement and the road |
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What is meant by “tyre grip trade-off”? |
Tyres provide only a limited amount of grip, which is shared between accelerating, braking and steering forces. If more grip is being used for accelerating or braking, there is less grip available for steering, and vice versa. |
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Where does the weight and balance of the vehicle shift when: accelerating? braking? |
towards the rear towards the front |
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Where does the weight and balance of the vehicle shift when cornering? |
Towards the outside of the bend. |
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In a car under acceleration what happens to the grip on the front wheels? What effect does this have on a front wheel drive car? |
Grip and traction reduce at front wheels because acceleration moves the weight (and hence the grip) to the back. In a front wheel drive car, this leads to less acceleration because there is less grip at the driven wheels; pressing the accelerator harder may lead to wheel spin as the power increases without any accompanying increase in grip |
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What is meant by “acceleration sense” and what are its advantages? |
Acceleration sense is the ability to vary vehicle speed in response to change road or traffic conditions by accurate use of the accelerator, so that you use the brakes less or not at all. (Roadcraft page 92) it improves anticipation and observation skills it saves on brake wear it uses less fuel, cause less wear of tyres and brakes, and it reduces carbon emissions it provides a smoother ride for passengers |
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What is the breath alcohol limit in Scotland? |
22 microgrammes / 100 millilitres of breath |
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Who is responsible to ensure that a child aged 14 and over wear a seat belt? |
The passenger |
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What action should you take if you are dazzled by oncoming headlights? |
Slow down or stop |
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When does a 30mph limit usually apply to all traffic? |
On all roads with street lighting unless signs show otherwise |
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When can you cross a double white line and the nearest to you is broken? |
To overtake provided it is safe and you can complete the manoeuvre before reaching a solid white line on your side. |
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What is the primary consideration when deciding where to position your vehicle? |
Safety |
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ASB does not help you with braking; it does help you steer while braking. Is this true or false? |
True |
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What is aquaplaning and what is the best way to deal with it? |
Aquaplaning occurs where a wedge builds up between the front tyres and the road surface, often because of thin or worn tyre tread. Steering and braking have no effect, since grip at the front end has been lost. The safest solution is to remove pressure from the accelerator, allowing the vehicle to lose speed and the tyres to regain their grip. Do not turn the steering wheel while aquaplaning because the vehicle will lurch whichever way the wheels are pointing when the tyres regain grip |
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What are the key safety points when considering an overtake? Roadcraft lists three. |
Do I need to? Is it necessary or appropriate in the circumstances? Is my vehicle capable of overtaking? |
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How might the condition of the road surface affect your decision to overtake? |
Before you overtake, observe the condition of the road surface for anything that could throw your vehicle off course or affective your visibility (e.g. loose gravel). Watch out for surface water, which could cause a curtain of spray at a critical moment. Be aware that bad weather can affect how your vehicle holds the road and how well you can see the road. |
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Apart from when driving a slow-moving vehicle when else should you use a crawler or climbing lane? |
You should not enter according to the H/C unless it is necessary and you can see that it is safe to do so. |
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Why is it best to leave a gap when following a van or a lorry? |
The closer you are to the vehicle in front the less you will be able to see beyond it. It may well leave you in their blind spot, so the driver in front won’t even know you are there. |
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When turning left, what essential safety check should be carried out? |
Before any manoeuvre check the mirrors; on a left-hand turn (or when leaving a roundabout), check the nearside mirror for cyclists. |
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Where does Roadcraft advise you learn how to control a skid? |
With a qualified instructor on a dedicated facility. |
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What is peripheral vision and how does it assist drivers? Roadcraft suggest three ways in which it helps. |
It is the area of eyesight surrounding the central area of sharply defined vision and is particularly good as sensing movement. It gives you your sense of speed and your position on the road. It registers the movement of other road users. It acts as a cue for the central vision, warning of areas to examine more closely |
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At 70mph Roadcraft suggest that you need a safe stopping distance of how many metres and how might you gauge this? |
100 metres, which is the distance between motorway marker posts. |
