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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Psychology?
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Scientific study of human behaviors and processes
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Behavior?
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An action that can be observed and recorded
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Pre Scientific Psych
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Where Does knoledge come from? Mind Body Dualism
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Decarte
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Where does knoledge come from? Mind Body Dualism
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Socrates & Plato
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LOGIC - mind separate from body and continues on - knoleges is inate
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Aristotle
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Used science - principles from careful observation - soul not separate from body - knowledge is gained through experience
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John Locke
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Tabula Rasa (Blank Slate) Empiricism
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Wilhelm Wundt
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First experimental psychology Lab
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Structuralism
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Titchner - First INtrospection (looking inward) explore elemantel structure of the mind
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Empiricism
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knoledge gained through experiment and sences
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Functionalism
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focused on mental and behavioral processes that enable the organism to adapt survive and flurish
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William James
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Functionalist - first feminist -wrote first psych text book
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Humanism
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emphased groth potential of healthy people, used personalized methods to study personality
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Contemporary psych
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Nature VS Nurture - Natural Selection
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Psych 3 main levels of anaylsis
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bio influ, psych influ, Social Cultural influ (Biopsychosocial model of behavior analysis)
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Study Animals
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General Process model - species more alike than different
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need for psych
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limits of intuition and common sense - overconfidence
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hindsight bias
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"i knew it all along" in psych-prediction of future stonger than actually were When Correct
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Critical thinking
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emperical - doesn't blindly accept
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Scientific Method
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Theory - Hypothesis - Replication - Operational Deffintion
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theory
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logical self consistent model of frame work
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hypothesis
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testable statement - supported or refuted
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operational defination
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how one discribe the behavior you are researching
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Descriptive Study
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Case Study - Survey - Naturalistic observation
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correleation
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how often 2 events occur, does not imply causality - strength and direction (inc sample - inc Correlation)
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illusory correlation
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no such relationship exists
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independent variable
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controlled by scientist
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dependent variable
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what you looking at
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increase cases
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decrease variability
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statistical significants
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p< .05
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biological psychologists
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general process - animal brain studies - brain communication
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evocative interactions
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genes affected by environment and environment effects gene presentation
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evolutionary psych
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evolution through mind and behavior - memory, perception, language
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Experience and Brain Development
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Critical Period - Solitary confinement VS Enrichment
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increases in activity
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increase in synaps
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pruning
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use it or loose it
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Parental infuence
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Neglectful - Permissive - Authoritarian - Authoritative***
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other developmental influences
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peers, culture , the NORM
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Gender & Rearing
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Social Learning & Gender Schema Theory
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Social Learning Theory
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learn by observing
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Gender Schema Theory
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hildren learn about what it means to be male and female from the culture in which they live. childern fit in to the NORMS
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