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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the four major cells of the immune system
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leukocyte
plasma macrophage mast |
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what are the leukocytes
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neutrophils
basophils eosinophils monocytes lymphocytes |
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what cells perform phagocytosis
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neutrophil
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what cells release histamine
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basophils
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what cells destroy parasites
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eosinophils
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what cells use macrophages
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monocytes
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what cell serve as recognition cells
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lymphocytes
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what do plasma cells do
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secrete antibodies
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what do macrophages do
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phagocytosis
extracell killing helper t secrete cytokines |
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what do mast cells do
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release histamine involved in inflammation
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why is mucus important
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doesn't let things get to the blood
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what three cells funciton as phagocytes
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neutrophils
monocytes macrophages |
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give an overview of inflammatory response
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bacteria enters
vasodilation protein permeability increases chemotaxis killing tissue repair |
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during chemotaxis waht cell type enters
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neutrophils followed by monocytes
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how are things killed in the inflammatory response
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phagocytosis via neutrophiles and monocytes
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name the sources of major inflammatory mediators
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kinins
complement blood clotting products histamine eicosanoids platelet activating factor cytokines lysosomal enzymes |
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what triggers the alternate pathway for complement activation?
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some always circulate in blood
activation in respones to infection or damage |
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what does the complement do
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extracellular killing of microbes via C1 classical pathway
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MAC =
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membrane attack complex
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why is completment imporant
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means of killing microbes and also inflammation
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a family of cytokinds that nonspecifically inhibit viral replicaiton inside the host cells
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interferons
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what are the primary and secondary lymphoid organs
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bone marrow tjhymus lymph nodes sleen tonsils
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what do the primary lymphoid organs do
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supply mature lymphocytes to teh secondary
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what are the three sepcific immune responses
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B
T NK |
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these cells initiate responses by binding specific antigens to the B cell's plasma membrane receptors or immunoglobins
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B cells
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these cells bind to antigens on the plasma membrane of target cells directly and destory the cells
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cytotoxic T or CD8
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these cells secrete cytokinds that help to activate B cells T cells NK and macrophages
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helper T
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these cells secrete antibodies to present the antigen to helper T
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B cells
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these cells bind directly and nonspecifically to virus infected cells and cancer cells and kill them
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NK
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describe the Fc stem
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stem has constant
amino acid sequences of the antigen binding sites vary |
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do T cells have immunoglobulins
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no
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these cells have two chained proteins kinda like immunoglobulins
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T cells
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the T cell receptor cannot combine with antigen unless the antigen is first complexed with ___
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MHC
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cytotoxic T cells require calss _ MHC
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I
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helper T require class __ MHC
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II
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what is the major difference between cytotoxic T and NK
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NK are not antigen specific
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definition. lack of immune responsiveness to self
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immune tolerance
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what are two processes contributing to immune tolerance?
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early in life clonal deletion
late in life clonal deletion and inactivation |
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In specific immune responses, the presence of the antibody of the IgG or IgM class bound to antigen activates the _____ ______ _____
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classical complement pathways
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what is the first molecule in the complement pathways
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C1
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definition. inadequote a a to synthesize essential proteins
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protein calorie malnutrition
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what is the primary target the the virus that causes AIDS
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helper T or CD4
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what is the major cell type involved in graft refection
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Both T cells
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