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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The two general approaches used in modern hydroelectric power generation are |
impoundment and run-of-river |
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Fission |
reaction responsible for the release of energy in traditional nuclear power plants |
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Negative effects of large hydroelectric dams |
alteration of river flow and sedimentation |
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Wind energy |
no negative environmental impacts |
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nergy is generated in nuclear power plants by |
bombarding fissionable atoms with neutrons |
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Offshore locations for wind farms are considered to be desirable, mainly because |
wind speeds are higher and turbulence is lower than on land |
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What is the main energy source for electricity generation in Ontario? |
Nuclear |
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Industrial ecology |
taking a systems approach to the design of industrial systems, in order to reduce resource inputs, minimize physical inefficiencies, reduce, waste, and maximize economic efficiency |
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Largest source of unregulated hazardous waste |
households |
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Most challenging environmental problem associated with e-waste |
heavy metals |
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Clay chosen for landfill sites |
Blocks the migration of fluids, and scavenges (or, technically, adsorbs) some contaminants from the leachate. |
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Methane gas is naturally emitted from landfills because |
generated during the process of biodegradation of organic matter |
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Surface impoundment is an approach that is used mainly for the disposal of |
liquid hazardous waste |
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Neurotoxins |
substances that are poisonous or destructive to nerve tissue e.g. lead |
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Acute toxicity |
exhibited immediately or very shortly after exposure to a toxic substance |
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Bioaccumulation |
build up of materials in a body |
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most likely to show a "U"-shaped dose-response curve |
Vitamin A |
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physical hazard, but it is also a cultural hazard |
sunburn |
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Mutagen |
a substance that causes damage and changes to DNA |
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In the process of bioaccumulation, |
an organism takes up a contaminant at a rate that is higher than the rate at which it can excrete the contaminant |
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Why do forests have more concentration of tropospheric ozone than nearby urban regions |
Ozone and its precursor compounds travel can to a forest from an upwind city. |
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installing flat-plate solar collectors |
not a passive solar approach |
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Run-of-river |
an approach to hydroelectric power generation that, instead of relying on large dams and reservoirs, involves diverting a portion of the water flow to run a turbine |
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GSHPs (ground source heat pumps) |
take advantage of the temperature difference between the surface and the subsurface |
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Biomass energy |
can be harvested from many different sources |
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Nuclear fusion |
difficult to achieve at reasonably low temperatures and pressures |
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In the past 100 years, packaging |
incorporated more synthetic materials |
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classifying waste by source |
waste managers regulate the activities that generate waste, and control the amount and type of waste coming from each source. |
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lifecycle analysis |
procedures for compiling and examining the inputs and outputs of materials and energy and the associated environmental impacts |
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Surface impoundment |
liquid hazardous waste |
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Most widespread and problematic problems associated with municipal sewage outfalls |
eutrophication |
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One gram of a contaminant in 109 grams of water would be equivalent to |
1 ppb |
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The book Silent Spring by Rachel Carson (1962), often credited with kick-starting the modern environmental movement, was about |
the impacts of DDT and other persistent toxic chemicals on wildlife, especially song birds |
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Vector |
an agent that transfers a pathogen to a host |
