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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Reference range of Absolute Values: cells/μL |
2300-8100 |
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Reference range of Absolute Values: cells/μL Lymphocytes |
800-4800 |
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Reference range of Absolute Values: cells/μL Eosinophils |
0-400 |
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Reference range of Absolute Values: cells/μL Basophils |
0-100 |
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Reference range of Absolute Values: cells/μL Monocytes |
450-1300 |
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leukocytosis |
>50x10^9/L |
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leukopenia |
<4.5 x 10^9/L |
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chronic myelogenous leukemia |
increases in all granulocytes including eosinophils and basophils. involvement of platelets including giant hypogranular forms. Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase markedly decreased |
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Leukemoid reaction |
Increases in neutrophils and their immature forms, possible increased monocytes-but absence of basophils and eosinophils. No dyspoietic morphology. No abnormal platelet morphology, Markedly increased leukocyte alkaline phosphatase. |
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leukoerythroblastosis |
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left shift |
Immature forms in circulation accompanied with the morphologic changes affecting the cytoplasm and nucleus |
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increase in band forms and an occasional metamelocyte |
mild left shift |
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metamyelocytes, myelocytes and an occasional promyelocyte in circulation |
moderate left shift |
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Doehle bodies |
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cause of Doehle bodies |
asynchronous maturation |
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Toxic granulation, Vacuolization |
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necrobiotic cell |
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monocytosis |
> 1.1 X10^9/L |
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pediatric lymphocytosis |
>10.0 X 10^9/L |
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adult lymphocytosis |
> 4.8 X10^9/L |
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reactive lymphocyte |
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reactive lymphocyte |
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myeloblast |
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promyelocyte |
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myelocyte |
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metamyelocyte |
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band |
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segmented neutrophil |
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leukemias are in the |
bone marrow |
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lymphomas are in the |
lymphatic system |
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causes of leukocytes neoplasms |
radiation, organic solvents, Epsten Barr associated with Burkitt non- Hodgkin lymphoma, Human T cell lymphotrophic virus type 1, therapy- cancer treatments |
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Leukocyte neoplasms. Chromosomal abnormalities, Genetic lesions |
Burkitt's lymphoma. Chronic myelogenous leukemia |
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oncogene |
cause dominant acting cancer mutations |
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protooncogenes |
codes for proteins involved in normal cell cycle regulation |
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tumor suppressor genes |
codes for proteins that resist malignant transformation |
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molecular pathway alteration |
blocked differentiation. transcriptional repression, programmed cell death |
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kills cells by reproducing unstable ions that damage DNA |
radiation therapy |
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monoclonal antibodies and Imatinib mesylate |
targeted therapy- acts specifically on genetic lesions that cause cancers |
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Chronic GVHD |
transplantation complication after 100 days |
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Syngeneic transplant |
between identical twins |
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Allogeneic transplant |
between different donors |
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Autologous transplant |
from a person's own marrow |
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cytochemistry |
study of chemical constituents of cells which with the help of the staining properties help determine the lineage |
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who does not have myeloperoxidase? |
lymphocytes |
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chemical used for MPO? |
3,3’ diaminobenzidine or p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride and catechol |
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Myeloperoxidase enzyme found in the primary granules of neutrophils, eosinophils and some in monocytes |
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What does Sudan Black do and what is it's purpose? |
It stains fats, sterols and phospholipids- differentiates between ALL and AML. |
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Lymphoids are _______ to Sudan Black. |
negative
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Granulocytes are ______ to SBB. |
positive |
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Monocytes are ________ to Sudan Black. |
negative |
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What do esterases do? |
Differentiate neutrophillic granulocytes from monocytic cell |
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positive reaction to esterase stain |
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who is positive and who is negative to α-naphthyl acetate esterase stain? |
Monocytes are positive however, granulocytes and lymphoid cells are generally negative |
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positive reaction to esterase by monocyte |
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monocyte positive for Alpha-Naphthyl Butyrate Esterase
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Diagnosing ALL and erythroid AML or abnormal erythroid presursors in MDS |
Periodic Acid Schiff |
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periodic acid schiff stain |
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Factor VIII antibodies |
positive in megakaryoblastic Leukemia |
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positive reaction to Factor VIII in a person with acute megakaryocytic leukemia |
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Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity |
differentiates Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia from leukemoid reaction |
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Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity |
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CML has reduced score |
Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity |
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acid phosphatase |
identifies hairy cells |
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Acid Phosphatase |
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lymphocytosis |
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eosinophilia |
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monocytosis |
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platelet satellitosis |
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Pelger Huet |
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Pelger Huet |
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May Hegglin |
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May Heggelin with doehle bodies |
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Chediak Higashi |
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Chediak Higashi |
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Perioxidase stain |
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PAS stain |