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135 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Dimensions of Health
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Physical, psychological, spiritual, social, intellectual, environment.
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average life expectancy in the U.S.
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77.9 years
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reinforcing factors
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rewards, encouragement, and recognition that influence our behavior in the short run.
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predisposing factors
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the beliefs, values, attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions that influence our behavior.
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Transtheoretical Model
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1.precontemplation
2.contemplation 3.preparation 4.action 5.maintenance 6.termination |
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people who do these things have greatest risk for disease
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either tobacco use, poor diet, or inactivity.
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emotional health
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ability to express one's feelings and mood. compassion for others.
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Maslow's Pyramid
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1.self-actualization
2.self-esteem 3.love and affection 4.safety and security 5.physiological needs |
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bipolar disorder
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severe depression alternating with periods of great excitement, overactivity, and, delusions.
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risk factors of suicide
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Mental disorders, antidepressant medications, substance abuse, hopelessness, family history, physical illness, brain chemistry, access to guns, others.
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physical responses to chronic stress
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1.affect memory, kill neurons
2.increase risk for high blood pressure, blood clotting, and stroke or heart attack. 3.increase in abdominal fat. 4.renal hypertension 5.decreased resistantance to infection. |
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General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
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an anxiety disorder characterized as chronic stress.
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Eustress
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Positive Stress, stimulate you to function properly.
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Posttraumatic Stress Syndrome (PTSD)
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The repeated reliving of a trauma through nightmares or recollection.
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Causes of poor time management
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Rushing, chronic inability to make choices or decisions, fatigue or listlessness, constantly missed deadlines, not enough time for rest, sense of being overwhelmed.
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health related components of physical fitness
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cardio endurance, muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, body composition.
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aerobic activity
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where sufficient or excess oxygen is continually supplied to the body (cardio).
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# of steps recommended by "America on the Move"
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10,000
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Body Mass Index (BMI)
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ration of weight to height squared
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phobias
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anxiety disorder marked by irrational fear of an object, or situation. extreme avoidance of fear.
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mental disorder
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clinically pyschological syndrome thats associated with distress or increased risk of death, pain, disability.
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major disorders
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depression,anxiety, attention disorders.
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essential nutrients
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nutrients that your body cannot make. must get from diet.
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antioxidants
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substances that prevent damaging effects of oxidation in cells.
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MyPyramid System
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1.Variety
2.proportionality 3.moderation 4.activity 5.personalization |
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nutrition labels
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displays amount of nutrients said food contains
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causes of food-borne illnesses
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1.improper cooling
2.improper washing 3.inadequate cooking 4.failure to avoid cross contamination |
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World Health Organization (WHO)
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Combats obesity, recommends that governments promote public knowledge about their diet, exercise, and health.
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symptopms/traits/signals of anorexia
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1.refusal to maintain normal body weight
2.intense fear of gaining weight 3.distorted body image, always feels fat 4.absence of at least 3 periods |
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symptopms/traits/signals of bulimia
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1.repeated binge eating
2.lack of control over eating behavior 3.self-induced vomit,laxatives, or diuretics 4.strict dieting, vigorous exercise 5.min. of two bingings a week of at least three months 6.obsession with body shape and weight |
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emotional abuse signs
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1.attempting to control various aspects of your life
2.often making fun of you 3.making you to blame 4.wanting to always know where you are 5.becoming jealous or angry 6.threatening to harm you 7.trying to coerce you into unwanted acts |
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sternbergs six types of love
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1.liking
2.infatuation 3.romantic love 4.companionate love 5.fatuous love 6.consummate love |
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sternbergs love triangle
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1.intimacy
2.passion 3.commitment |
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crucial current divorce rates
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3.6 per 1,000 americans
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ingredients for commitment in lasting relationship
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1.shared values
2.a willingness to change in response to each other 3.a willingness to tolerate flaws 4. same religious beliefs 5.ability to communicate effectively |
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contraception
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prevention of conception;birth control
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most common contraception used by college students
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the pill;birth control
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pathogen
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virus, bacterium, or fungus that causes disease to host.
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host
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harbors a parasite
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vector
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transmits a pathogen from reservoir to host
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fetus
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baby developing in uterus from 9th week till birth
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embryo
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baby from second to eighth week.
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Abortion facts
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1. four out of ten unplanned pregnancies end in abortion
2.35% will have abortion by 45 3.50% of abortions performed in first 8 weeks of pregnancy. |
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who is at risk of infectious disease?
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1.children and their families
2.elderly 3. chronically ill 4.smokers and ppl w/respiratory problems 5.ppl in contact w/someone sick 6. living in poorly ventilated buildings |
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most wide spread STI bacterium in U.S.
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Chlamydia
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most wide spread STI viral in U.S.
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HPV
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age group of highest sexually transmitted infections
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under age of 25.
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Hepatitis
Symptoms/types/treaments/preventions |
1.headaches, fever, fatigue, aching joints, nausea, vomiting, & diarrhea
2.A,B,C,Delta, and E 3.vaccines for A and B 4.clean water etc., safe sex |
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Cancer
Symptoms/types/treaments/preventions |
1.change in bowel habits, unhealing sore, unusual bleeding,
lump on body, difficulty swallowing, obvious change in wart or mole, nagging cough. 2.carcinoma, sarcoma, leukemia, lymphoma. 3.surgery,radiation therapy, chemotherapy. 4.go to doctor to look at genes/heredity, self exams |
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herpes
Symptoms/types/treaments/preventions |
1.bumps on genital area or mouth, became painful blisters.
2.just herpes 3.no known cure. 4. safe sex |
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HPV
Symptoms/types/treaments/preventions |
1.cauliflower-like areas on genital and rectal areas
2.just HPV or genital warts 3.Removal of legions by laser surgery or chemicals 4.safe sex |
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Gonorrhea
Symptoms/types/treaments/preventions |
1.pussy discharge for men, no symptoms or they may have discharge.
2.just gonorrhea 3.antibiotic:cephalosprins 4.safe sex |
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HIV & AIDS
Symptoms/types/treaments/preventions |
1. no symptoms, then infections.
2.just aids/hiv 3.combination of 3 or more antiretroviral drugs (HAART) 4. safe sex |
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hypertension
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elevated blood pressure, unsafe level.
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cholesterol
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the most common type of steroid in the body
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HDL
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(GOOD) helps prevent cholesterol build up
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LDL
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(BAD) the main culprit in the buildup of plaque in arteries.
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risk factors for cardiovascular disease
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obesity, waist circumference, physical inactivity, tobacco use, high blood glucose, hypertension, lipoprotein levels,
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Myocardial infarction (MI)
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(heart attack) part of the layer around the heart starts to die due to it not getting sufficient oxygen
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Stroke
risk factors /signs/symptoms/treatments |
1.gender,race,age,hypertension,high red blood cells,heart disease,blood fats, diabetes, estrogen therapy, diet high in fat & sodium
2.cant speak, paralyzed faced, inability to raise arms. 3.paralyzed, depression, dementia, 4.clot-busting drugs. |
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diabetes
type/risk factors/signs/ treaments |
1.type 1(born) type 2(bad diet)
2. family history, excess weight (specially around waist), 3. increased thirst & unrination, flu-like symptoms, weight loss or gain, blurred vision, slow healing, nerve damage, red and swollen gums. 4.insulin injections (type 1), exercise and well balanced diet (type 2) |
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reasons students use drugs
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1.genetics and family history
2.parental attitudes and behavior 3.substance use in high school 4.positive expectations 5.mental health problems 6.social influences 7.alcohol use 8.sexual identity 9.race |
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gambling reasons and consequences
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1.excitement, to socialize, win money, and just something to do
2.losing money and control. |
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drug misuse
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use of drug for reason other than original purpose.
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drug abuse
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consistent use of drug for reason other than original purpose
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Types of injection
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intravenous-into vein
intramuscular-into muscle subcutaneous-under the skin |
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toxicity
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poisonous level; dosage level when drug causes damage to body
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over the counter (OTC) drugs
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Medications you can get without prescription.
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prescription drug abuse
physical effects |
heart failure, heart attack, seizures, kidney and liver failure, severe blood disorders, birth defects, blindness, memory problems, & allergic reactions.
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psychoactive
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mind-affecting
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addiction
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continued pattern of compulsion and loss of control in spite of adverse consequences
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causes of drug dependence and abuse
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1.biologically more apt to become addicted to drugs
2.lack of control or self esteem 3.peer pressure/early influences |
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club drugs
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MDMA/ecstacy (increased sensitivity), GHB (similar to alcohol), Ketamine (increased HR, memory loss, numbness), nitrites (similiar to alcohol)
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risk factors of the common drugs abused
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brain abnormalities, impaired memory and learning, siezures, depression, nerve damage, anxiety, flashbacks, numbness, death
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treatment 12 step program
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self-help group programs based on the principles of alcoholics anonymous.
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effects of alcohol on the body
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destroys brain cells, lower resistance to diseases, causes bleeding in stomach, impotence in males, irregular period cycles, destroys liver.
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ethyl alcohol
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intoxicating agent in liquors
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factors affect Blood Alcohol Content
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1. how much and how quick
2. what you're drinking 3. body size 4. gender 5. age 6. race 7. other drugs 8. family history 9. eating 10. expectations 11. tolerance |
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intoxication
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the physiological state produced by a poison or other toxic substance
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median age of first alcohol use
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15
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median age of onset for alcohol use disorders
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19 to 20
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why people drink
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1.social ease
2.role models 3.advertising 4.relationship issues 5.psychological factors 6.self-medication 7.childhood traumas 8.depression 9.genetics |
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binge drinking
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man, 5 or more drinks in one settin
woman. 4 or more drinks in one setting |
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drunk driving statistics
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1. 42,000 people die every year on roads.
2.standard of BAC below .8 is legal limit |
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college drinking norms
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excited to be away from parents, in insecure moments look for something to loosen up, alcohol.
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college drinking why?
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1.positive expectations
2.coping 3. social norms 4.first year transitions 5. drinking culture on campus 6. living arrangements 7.celebrations 8. participation in sports 9.parental approval |
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college binge drinking why?
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1.low price alcohol
2.easy access to alcohol 3.attending a school 4.belief 5.drinking games 6.parents who drank 7.recreational drinking young age |
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how to drink safely
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1.keep a diary
2.pace yourself 3.stay busy 4.try low-alcohol alternatives 5.have alcohol free days 6.start with a soft drink 7.use standard drinks 8.drink slowly 9.avoid salty snacks 10.have one drink at a time 11.be assertive 12.pay attention |
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alcohols effects on the body over period of time
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increased weight and waist size, increased risk of cancer, increased risk of dying.
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alcohol problems
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1.failure to fulfill major role obligations
2.the use of alcohol in hazardous situations 3.alcohol-related legal problems 4.continued alcohol use despite recurring social problems |
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medical complications of alcohol abuse
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1. tolerance
2.withdrawal 3.drinking to avoid problems 4.consuming larger amounts of alcohol 5.persistent desire 6.great deal of time spent drinking 7.given up important roles or activities 8. cont'd alcohol use |
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why do people start smoking?
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1.stress
2.parents smoking 3.mental disorders 4.genetics 5.weight control 6.advertising |
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social smoking
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those who only smoke in the presence of others
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nicotine
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addictive substance in tobacco;one of most toxic of all poisons
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tar
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fluid in tobacco made of several hundred poisonous chemicals, some carcinogenic.
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health effects of cigarette smoking
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alters mood regulation chemicals, increases heart rate, increase blood pressure, affect oxygen carrying ability, damages lungs
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carbon monoxide
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gas produced by burning of tobacco, displaces oxygen in the hemoglobin molecules
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other forms of tobacco
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-cigars
-clove cigarettes -bidis - pipes -smokeless tobacco |
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options for quitting tobacco
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1.quitting on own
2.stop-smoking groups 3.nicotine replacement therapy |
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keys to safe driving
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-stay sober and alert
-buckle up -check for air bags -rein in road rage -use cell phones safely |
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violence in the U.S.
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-violence is increasing
-gun related injuries second in injury related death |
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hate crimes
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more than half of hate crimes are motivated by race
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nonvolitional sex
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sex behavior that violates persons right to whom and when they want to have sex with.
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statutory rape
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sex with a male over the age of 16 with a female under the age of consent.
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impact of rape
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-unexplained vaginal discharge,bleeding,infections,bruises, and fractured ribs.
-headaches, sleep disorders, sexual fertility problems. |
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what to do in case of rape
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call friend or rape center
talk to health care provider report attack, even if unsuccesful |
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vital signs
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temperature, blood pressure pulse rate, & respiration rate.
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complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)
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term used for health care practices not widely taught/used in hospitals/or insured.
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types of CAM
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-alternative medical systems
-mind-body medicine -biologically based therapies -manipulative and body-based methods -energy therapies |
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acupuncture
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chinese medical practice; puncturing body a certain points to relieve pain and cure disease
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naturopathy
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treatment of disease using natural remedies such as sun, water, heat, and air.
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herbal medicine
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ancient form of medicine using substances derived from trees, flowers, ferns, seaweed, and lichens to treat disease.
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homeopathy
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medical practice that treats disease by giving doses of a substance that if given to a healthy person would produce similiar results to those of the disease
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holistic
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approach to medicine that takes into account body, mind, emotions, and spirit.
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integrative medicine
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approach that combines traditional medicine with alternative therapies.
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informed consent
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permission to proceed with procedure and its possible consequences
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managed care
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health care services and reimbursement predetermined by third party insurers
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health maintenance organization(HMO)
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an organization that provides health services on a fixed contract basis
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preferred provider organization (PPO)
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group of physicians contracted to provide health care to members at a discounted price
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teratogen
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Any agent that can disturb the development of an embryo or fetus
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health related problems linked to pollution
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-headaches and dizziness
-eye irritation and impaired vision -nasal discharge -cough -constricted airways & blood vessels -chests pains -birth defects -vomiting -asthma |
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indoor pollutants
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-toxic chemicals(cigarettes)
-mold |
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chlorinated hydrocarbons
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highly toxic pesticides that are extremely resistant to breakdown, may cause disease.
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organic phosphates
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toxic pesticides that may cause disease
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ways to help planet earth
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-plant a tree
- look for simply packaged items -bring your own bag -hit the switch -avoid disposables -be water wise -cancel junk mail -spare the seas -speak out |
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staying healthy longer
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-keep arteries young
-avoid illness -maintain your zest for living -stay strong |
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dementia
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deterioration of mental capability
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Alzheimer disease
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progressive deterioration of intellectual powers
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advance directives
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documents that specify an individuals preferences regarding treatment in a medical crisis
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living will
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advance directive on use of life-sustaining precedures in the event of terminal illness or injury
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holographic will
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will in authors handwriting
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defining death
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-functional death
-cellular death -death -brain death -spiritual death |
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important factor denying death
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dont take life for granted
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autoscopy
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looking at oneself, out of body experience.
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funeral arrangements
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usually planned ahead of time for ease. third most expensive cost in life
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