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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atom |
Smallest building block of matter, that is part of an element |
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Molecule |
Group of atoms |
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Cells |
A group of molecules |
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Tissues |
Group of cells |
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Organ |
Group of tissues |
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Organ system |
Group of organs. E.G. digestive system, nervous system |
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Organism |
Group of organ systems |
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Population |
Group of Organisms |
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Community |
Group of population, which only has biotic (living) characteristics |
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Group of communities |
An ecosystem, which has both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) properties |
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Biome |
Each biome consists of many ecosystems whose communities have adapted to the small differences in climate and the environment inside the biome. Has boundaries like an ocean |
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Bioshere |
The global sum of all ecosystems |
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Definition of Life |
Consume energy Obtaining energy Maintain homeostasis Reproduce Made of cells Has a lifespan Create waste Need liquid water Organized Development Respond and adapt to the environment |
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Homeostasis |
Control and regulation from environment |
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Water |
Molecule of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Covalent bond. Polar molecule |
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Polar molecule |
Two opposite sides in charge. One side is positive charge and the other is negative. Oxygen is slightly negative. Hydrogen is stightly positive. |
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Non-polar molecule |
When a molecule has no charge |
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Hydrogen bond |
Weak attraction between the hydrogen atom of one water to the oxygen atom of the other molecule. Its a bond between molecules |
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Cohesion |
When molecules stick together |
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Hydrophilic |
Molecules that love water |
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A Solvent |
Dissolves things, and turns it into solutions. Think koolaid man. Sugar and water. Saltwater,. Salt and water. |
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Hydrophobic |
Molecules that hate water, and don't dissolve. Water and oil. |
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Acids |
0 |
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Neutral |
pH=7 |
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Basic |
7 |
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Covalent bond |
Strong bonds from sharing electrons |
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Macromolecules |
Large organic molecules made of many subunits |
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Carbohydrates |
Major source of energy for cells. Quick energy. Sucrose, and cellulose |
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Protein |
Amino acid chains. The base of the chain order is very important, and determines the type of protein. Made of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen. Enzymes are proteins |
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Lipids |
Almost or entirely hydrophobic molecules. 3 main types: Fat, streroids, and Phospholipids. Glycerol with fatty acid tails. Used for storing energy, hormones, and cell membranes |
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Fat |
Stores energy |
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Steroids |
Help maintain fluidity of membranes |
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Phospholipids |
Used for cell membranes |
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Nucleic acid |
Polymers of nucleotides. Sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base |
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RNA |
Ribonucleic acid |
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DNA |
Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Genetic information. G always binds to C. A always binds to T |
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Double Helix |
Structure of DNA. Like a twisted rope ladder |
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Prokaryotic |
Smaller than Eukaryotic. Have no true nucleus. Simple in structure. Have a nucleoid membrane |
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Eukaryotic |
Have a nucleus. 10-100 times larger than prokaryotic. More complex |
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Plasma membrane |
Made up of a phospholipid bilayer. Hydrophobic tails orient toward the inside. Hydrophilic heads orient themselves toward the outside of the membrane. Keeps water outside of the organism, and keeps water inside the organism. |
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Fluid Mosaic |
Lipids and proteins that can move about within the membrane |
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Nucleus |
Control center; contains DNA |
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Cell membrane |
Outer boundary of a cell. Security system of the cell |
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Cytoplasm |
"stuff" between the Cell membrane and the nucleus. |
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Organelles |
Tiny organs in a cell |
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Membrane proteins |
Tell neighboring cells what to do or not to do |
