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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is social contract theory? |
The view that behaviour is governed by an agreement among members of our society. |
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Why did Socrates say he did not try to escape from prison? |
He said that he was obligated to follow the law because he benefited from the laws, he had an opportunity to change the laws or move, he had agreed to follow the laws, and if he disobeyed the laws he would injure the state. |
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Justification for political obligation (according to Hobbes) |
People are naturally selfish, but because they are rational they choose to live under a higher authority of government in order to have a civil society which benefits them |
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What is the Veil of Ignorance? |
A point of view from which we choose principle where we are unaware of our own circumstances. Basically we wouldn't choose principles or rules that only benefit one gender or race. etc. |
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Advantages of value-laden principles? |
Shorter than list of does and don'ts Applicable to new technology Non-technical |
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Disadvantages of value-laden principles? |
Need interpretation Difficult to solve specific ethical dilemmas |
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What does a professional code of ethics do? |
Client knows what to expect in a contract, additional requirements of engineer;s conduct above legal requirements |
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Conflict of interest |
When a professional has conflicting obligations which cannot all be met. |
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Influences on our decisions |
1) Assessment of Risk 2) External and Internal Pressure 3) Rationalization |
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Whistleblowing |
Dealing with an internal issue by going to an external resource. |
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Invisible Hand Argument |
Idea that maximizing profit produces the best outcome for society. |
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Gratuities/Tip |
Material benefit given in exchange for a service. |
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Bribe |
material benefit offered to influence another's decision. |
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Contract Underbidding |
Company gives a lower bid on a contract even though they know the project will require more money at a later time. |
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Bid Rigging |
A bunch of companies get together and make all their bids high except for one which will get the contract even though it is still high. |
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Kickbacks |
A bidding company pays (illegal) the person deciding on the contract award. Also agreeing to do something that the deciding company wants. |
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Resume Padding |
Making it look like you have more experience than you do. |
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Kantian business Ethics |
Take care of employees, union rights, good wage for independence, job security, disagree with company without fear of losing job. |
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Anthropocentric theories |
ethical debates are centred on what is best for humans. |
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Aristotelian business ethics |
A virtuous business is one that fulfills its purpose the best. |
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Consequentialist business ethics |
look at the consequences |
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Intellectual Property includes these: |
Copyright, Patents, Trademarks, Industrial Designs, IC topographies |
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Copyright term of protection in Canada |
50 years |
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Patents term of protection |
20 years non-renewable |
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Trademarks term of protection |
15 years, renewable, must be used and distinctive |
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Industrial Designs term of protection |
10 years, has to do with look of something |
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Integrated circuit topographies |
10 year protection |
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Tort |
breach of a duty of care that causes loss or injury to the other party |
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Negligence |
Unintentional tort, must include duty of care, breach of that duty, suffered loss, loss caused by breach |
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Fraud |
Intentional tort, deceit |
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Fiduciary Duty |
Special relationship of trust, ex, Doctor must put the beneficiary's interests ahead of their own |
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Trespass |
strict liability tort, plaintiff not required to prove intention or neglect |