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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Heterodonty

A mouthful of different types of teeth.

Plesiadapiformes

Earliest primate like mammals


Archaic primates


Paleocene


Arboreal


Teeth similar to rodents

Euprimates

All extant primates

Plesiadapiformes dental formula

1.0.2.3

Gallago dental formula

2.1.3.3 (tooth comb)

Talonid

Broad basin on mandibular molars into which the maxillary molar fits during occlusion (closing the mouth) as it slides between two adjacent trigonids.

Dental formula change bias

Teeth are almost always lost rather than gained.

Adapid

Post orbital bar


Conversion eye orbits



Proconsul


Y-5 molars


Wider pallet


Lack of tail


Flexible lumbar region


Same length limbs


20 to 17 mya.

Miocene

Age of apes

Afropithecus

18 to 16 mya.


Africa


Big canines


Temporal lines

Sivapithecus

15 to 9 mya.


Asia


Pronounced canines


Tall narrow nasal aperture




Bipedalism Adaptations

6 to 7 mya.


Valgus articulation of the femur and tibia allows foot to be placed directly below the center of gravity.


Arch of foot


Adducted big toe


Foramen magnum interior

Adducted vs. Abducted

1. Seperated from other toes


2. In line with other toes

Laetolai Footprints

3.6 myo


Dated by K-Ar dating

C/P 3 complex

Honing facet on the front of the anterior lower pre-molar and a space in front of it (distema) Ex-chimp


Hominins do not have

Pallet shape



Chimp - U shaped


Afarensis U shaped


Human parabolic

Austalopithecus Africanus vs. homo hobilis

A - Prognathic, U shaped


H- More parabolic, less prognathic

Neaderthalensis

Single arch, low long cranial vault, ocipital bun, no chin. Shorter limbs, hold in heat better closer to core.

Explanations for chin

1. Spandrel


2. Stress reduction


3. Sex symbol

Adapoids vs. omomyoids

A. Long snout, small incisor ring in the ear.

O. Short snout, large incisor, ear tube.