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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are some functions of the Reproductive system?
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1. maturation
2. propagates genetic information 3. copulation and fertilization 4. Provides for child after conception |
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What do you call the organs of male and female that share developmental primordia and perform similar functions
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Homologues
Gonads |
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Produce sex cells? Male and female
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Gonads
Male-testes female-ovaries |
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What contains the ANS axons responsible for arousal and climax?
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Penis and clitoris
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This region contains both the urogenital and anal triangles
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Perineum
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Whats the difference between the males and females urogenital triangle
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The females urogenital triangle contains the urethral and vaginal openings whereas the males urogenital triangle contains the base of the scrotum and penis
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The primary sex organs in females because they produce oocytes. Paired structures
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Ovaries
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Folds the peritoneum that covers the ovaries
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mesovarium
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anchors each ovary to the uterine wall
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Ovarian ligament
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Connects lateral edge of each ovary to the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity.
Provides a route for the ovarian blood and nerves traveling to and from ovary. |
Suspensory ligament
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Entrance point into the ovaries for blood vessels and nerves
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Hilum
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An oocyte surrounded by supporting follicle cells
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Follicle
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How many primordial follicles does a female produce by birth per ovary
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1.5 million to 2 million
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How many follicles still existare by puberty
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400,000 in both ovaries combined
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What happens every month
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about 20 follicles are stimulated to develop but only one becomes dominant and survives
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Release of an oocyte from the ovary
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ovulation
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This develops inside the ovary from the remnant of the follicles and releases hormones that prepare the uterus for the possibility of implantation of a fertilized ovary and pregnancy
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Corpus luteum
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After ovulation, the oocyte is swept into this structure
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open ended uterine tube
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Where does fertilization occur?
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Ampulla of uterine tube
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How long does it take the preembryo to reach the uterus and implant in the uterine wall?
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3-4 days
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A muscular pair shaped organ of the reproductive system?
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Uterus
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What are some functions of the uterus
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1. site of implantation
2. Forms the placenta and protects the embryo 3. Ejects fetus through contractions |
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Regions of the uterus?
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1. fundus-roof
2. body 3. cervix-inferior portion that projects into vagina |
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How is the uterus held in place?
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muscles of the pelvic floor and by ligaments like the ROUND LIGAMENT
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What do you call the inner lining of the uterus?
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endometrium p.863
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What do you call the inner part of the endometrium, which grows to prepare for possibility of pregnancy every month due to estrogen and progesterone?
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Functional layer
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What causes the functional layer of the endometrium to grow?
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estrogen and progesterone
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Where does the pre-embryo implant itself and forms the placenta from this layer
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functional layer of the endometrium
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What happens if there is no pregnancy?
What is this called |
Functional layer is shed and exits body through the vagina. Called menstruation.
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How long is mesntruation cycle?
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28 to 29 days
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What layer of the uterus thickens during pregnancy and contracts during birth?
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Myometrium
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What is the outer layer of uterus and continues with broad ligament (doesn't physically hold uterus in place is a draping of the peritoneum over the uterus)?
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Perimetrium ( a serosa)
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What are the functions of the vagina?
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1. birth canal
2. copulatory organ 3. Path for menstruation Its a muscular tube |
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What do the epithelial cells of the vagina produce? and why
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acidic secretions, to prevent bacterial infection
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Primary sex organ
stored in scrotum produce testosterone Produce sperm |
Testes
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Why are the testes stored in the scrotum?
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To keep 3 degrees cooler than internal body temp
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What part of the testes are sperm produced?
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Siminiferous tubules
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Storage compartment and maturation of sperm?
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epididimys
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Carries the sperm from the epididimys to urethra
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ductus deferens
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Whats the common transport canal for semen and urine?
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urethra
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What gives volume to the semen? and what other effects does this have on it?
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Accessory glands. makes semen alkaline so it neutralized the acidity of the vagina. It also adds nutrients to the semen so the sperm can survive the hours or days it takes to reach the ampulla
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This structure adds citric acid, seminalplasmin, and PSA?
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Prostate gland
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What are the effects of citric acid, siminalplasmin and PSA on sperm?
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Citric acid gives health
seminalplasmin is an antibiotic PSA is an enzyme that liquifies semen after ejaculation |
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Adds mucin, for the protection of the urethra from the contents of semen?
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bulbourethral gland
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Whats the base of the penis called?
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The root
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What are the three erectile bodies? and what do they do?
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2 corpora cavernosa
1 corpora spongiosum They contain a central artery and venous spaces that fill with blood during arousal by parasympathetic inneravation. |
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Where are the corpora cavernosa located?
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dorsolateral sides
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Where is the corpora spongiosum located on the penis?
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Inferiorly along the midline
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What do you call the tip and what does it contain?
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The glans, contains external urethral orifice
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