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331 Cards in this Set
- Front
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v. [T] 1 to give, (syns.) to dispense, mete out:
The doctor administered medicine to the patient. 2 to manage, supervise: She ~ed the committee meeting to make sure that everything worked smoothly. |
administer
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n. [C;U] a liquid passed through a needle or small opening:
My car's engine gets an ~ of gas when I step on the pedal. Thesaurus: a shot of s.t./ vaccination, immunization, inoculation |
injection
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v. 1 [I;T] to translate (usu. orally) from one language into another:
She ~s the French museum guide's words for American tourists. 2 [T] to decide on the meaning of s.t. that is not very clear: I ~ your nod to mean that you agree with me. 3 [T] to show one's own artistic ideas and ability through painting, music, writing, etc.: She is a violinist who ~s Bach brilliantly. Thesaurus: 1 to explain to, decipher 2 to understand, read, construe frml. Ant. to misinterpret |
interpret
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v.frml. [T] -ated, -ating, -ates
to make less difficult (painful, etc.), (syn.) to relieve: The medicine ~d the pain. |
alleviate
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v.frml. [I] -pired, -piring, -pires
to desire strongly, hope to do or to be: He ~s to be a great actor someday. |
aspire
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v. [T] to slow the progress of s.t., (syn.) to impede:
Lack of modern equipment ~s efficient manufacturing. |
hinder
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adj. 1 not sure, uncertain:
I am ~; I think it might rain today. 2 unsure of oneself: insecure, lacking confidence in oneself: When I play golf, I am ~ of myself, because I can't hit the ball very well. |
unsure
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n. [U] 1 the importance of s.t.:
The end of the war was an event of great ~. 2 the meaning of s.t.: I don't understand the ~ of your wearing black all the time; are you sad? Thesaurus: 1 consequence 2 the point, implication |
significance
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n. 1 [C] a document or blank form for writing down information for a specific purpose, such as requesting a job or a loan:
I filled out an ~ for a job at the factory. 2 [C] a use in s.t.: Mathematics has ~s in science. 3 [C;U] the act of putting s.t. on: An ~ of paint improved the appearance of the house. Thesaurus: 1 a request for (job, driver's license) 2 the relevance to (or) of, suitability of 3 spreading on, a treatment with (paint, face cream) |
application
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n. [C;U] frml. a finish of s.t., (syn.) a conclusion:
We achieved ~ on an agreement after months of talks. |
closure
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n. [C;U] when something has more than one possible meaning:
Legal documents must be free of ~. |
ambiguity
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n. -ses /siz/ special importance placed on s.t.:
She put great ~ on beginning work immediately. |
emphasis
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n. 1 the outside of s.t., surface:
The ~ of the house needs painting. 2 appearance, looks: He has a rough ~, but inside, he has a heart of gold. adj. outside: The ~ walls of the building are made of glass and steel. |
exterior
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adv. 1 in a way that is successful and achieves what you want:
Teachers need to be able to communicate ideas ~. 2 used when you describe what the real result of a situation is: His illness ~ ended his career. |
effectively
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v. [T] 1 to damage s.t., make s.t. no longer useful:
She spilled coffee on her white silk dress and ~ed it. 2 to spoil s.t., to take the fun or usefulness out of s.t., esp. an event: His stupid behavior ~ed our party. 3 to destroy s.t., such as breaking, burning, or knocking s.t. down: A fire ~ed everything inside the museum. 4 to cause s.o. to lose all of his or her money: The stock market crash ~ed him, so he has no money. n. 1 [C;U] a state of destruction, anything unusable because of damage: After the fire, the museum lay in ~s. 2 broken parts of historical buildings that still exist after thousands of years: We went to Greece to see the ~s of ancient temples. |
ruin
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v. [I] to belong or be related to s.t.:
These financial records ~ to this year's tax returns. |
pertain
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n. 1 a forceful contact:
The meteor made a large ~ when it crashed to earth. 2 effect, impression: Poverty has a bad ~ on people's health. v.infrml. [I;T] to affect: Lack of food ~ed the starving nation. Thesaurus: 1 a shock, jolt, collision 2 an influence |
impact
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v. [T] evoked, evoking, evokes to bring out a feeling, response, (syn.) to elicit:
The poetry ~d a feeling of love in the reader. |
evoke
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v. -trated, -trating, -trates
1 [I;T] to pass or cut a way into or through: The child cried as the doctor's needle ~d his skin.||Searchlights ~d the darkness. 2 [T] to break or enter into with force: The army ~d the city's walls. 3 [T] to see into, understand, esp. s.t. difficult: A spy ~d the secrets of the Defense Department. 4 [I;T] to spread through s.t., (syn.) to permeate: The smell of frying fish ~d the hallway. |
penetrate
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adj. 1 having a political view toward keeping old and often proven ways of doing things:
In the USA, Republicans are the ~ party. 2 slow to change, cautious 3 not too much or too high: She is ~ in her spending.||He made a ~ estimate of the costs. 4 not showy, restrained in manner and dress: Tomiko is a banker who wears a ~ business suit to work. n. a person who is a ~ Thesaurus: 2 conventional, old-fashioned, wary 3 careful, prudent, moderate 4 traditional, dark- colored. Ant. showy |
conservative
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n. -ses /siz/ special importance placed on s.t.:
She put great ~ on beginning work immediately. |
emphasis
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adj. 1 most important, absolutely necessary:
Water is ~ to life. 2 energetic, lively: She has a ~ personality. n.pl. ~s important organs, such as the heart, lungs, and digestive system: His ~s are in bad condition. |
vital
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adj. firm, dedicated:
a ~ supporter of the political party v. [T] to stop or slow bleeding: We ~ed the flow of blood with a shirt until we could get to the hospital. |
staunch
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n. -ies 1 the court system:
The ~ is a branch of government. 2 judges as a group |
judiciary
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adj. 1 based on legend, (syn.) mythical:
~ stories are passed down from parents to children. 2 famous, (syn.) renowned: Great Olympic athletes have become ~. |
legendary
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v. [T] -saw /s/, -seen /sin/, -seeing, -sees
to have knowledge of future events, (syns.) to predict, foretell: She ~(past) the troubles ahead and took steps to avoid them. |
foresee
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n. a reaction to s.t., esp. bad events: When he yelled at his boss, the repercussion was that he was fired.
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repercussion
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n.
Thesaurus: assortment- a group of different types of something |
miscellany
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n. 1 [C] a measurement of s.t. in one direction:
The ~s of a room (package, building lot, etc.) are its length, width, and depth (or height). 2 [C;U] size: a problem of great ~ |
dimension
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n. [C;U] s.t. new made or improved with creativity:
Cellular telephones were an ~ in the 1990s, but now they are very common. |
innovation
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n. 1 a person who represents s.o. or s.t.:
She is a sales ~ for a large company. 2 a member of the US House of Representatives: We will elect a new ~ in the next election. adj. meaning, showing, or illustrating s.t.: Many of Renoir's paintings are ~ of French Impressionism. Thesaurus: 1 an agent, associate/ delegate 2 a congressman, congresswoman, legislator -adj. typical, characteristic of s.o. or s.t. Ant. atypical |
representative
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v. [T] -dized, -dizing, -dizes
to give money to a person, group, or business that is not self-supporting: The City Opera is ~d by individual and corporate donations. |
subsidize
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v. [T] 1 to give s.t. or do s.t., (syn.) to provide:
That store ~s good service to its customers. 2 to give in return as payment: He ~ed thanks to God for his health and his family. 3 to put into another language, translate: It is difficult to ~ poetry into another language. 4 to cause a change, make s.t. become true: He was ~ed speechless when his sister told him she was having a baby.||She was ~ed helpless when she broke her leg. 5 frml. to give an opinion or decision: The judge will ~ his decision tomorrow. 6 to draw s.t., to sketch: I had an artist ~ a picture of my house to put in the paper since the house is for sale. |
render
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v. [T] to lead an attack or series of actions:
to ~ a campaign |
spearhead
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v.1 [T] to fill someone or something with a lot of a particular emotion or quality:
His work is ~d with a love for tradition. 2 [I,T] to put something into a liquid so that its taste goes into the liquid |
infuse
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adj. very strong in effect or large in amount:
They won by an ~ majority. |
overwhelming
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n. 1 [U] words or objects that support the truth of s.t., proof:
The lawyer presented the murder weapon as ~ in court. 2 present and easily seen: There were reporters in ~ at the scene of the crime. v.frml. [T] -denced, -dencing, -dences to show, demonstrate: The murder suspect ~d surprise upon seeing the weapon in court. Thesaurus: 1 support, confirmation/facts, data -v. to display, express |
evidence
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adj. completely in agreement:
Everyone on the committee agreed in a ~ decision. |
unanimous
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adj. related to predicting the future, esp. by inspiration of God:
She made a ~ prediction that a woman would soon become President. |
prophetic
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adj. not able to be felt with touch, sight, or hearing, but still sensed:
My grandmother, who died last year, is an ~ presence in my life. |
intangible
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adj. necessary, essential:
Warm clothing is ~ in cold weather. |
indispensable
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v. [T] -nesses
1 to see, observe an incident: He ~ed the auto accident and wrote a report. 2 to sign a document as a witness: They asked me to ~ their contract. n. 1 a person who saw s.t. and can tell about it, (syn.) an observer: I was a ~ to the accident. 2 a person who attests or certifies that s.t. is real or genuine: I signed as a ~ to the authenticity of the will. |
witness
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adj. done on purpose, (syn.) deliberate:
Meeting for dinner at a vegetarian restaurant was ~; I am a vegetarian. -adv. ~ly |
intentional
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adj. 1 without stopping, (syn.) persistent:
The sound of the rain was ~ for hours on the roof. -adv. ~ly 2 trying very hard to succeed, esp. to hurt s.o., (syn.) pitiless: The politician suffered ~ criticism from the press after she was elected. |
relentless
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adj. appearing obvious or true, but maybe not so:
His~ reaction was happiness, but I think the smile hid tears. -adv. ~ly |
seeming
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adv. in that order, (syn.) consecutively: He likes coffee and tea, black and with cream, respectively.
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respectively
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v. [T] evoked, evoking, evokes
to bring out a feeling, response, (syn.) to elicit: The poetry ~d a feeling of love in the reader. |
evoke
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v. [T] -tated, -tating, -tates
to help, (syn.) to expedite: The tourist office sent us a guide who ~d our travel through Japan. |
facilitate
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v. [T] 1 to include:
My history course ~es the 19th and 20th centuries. 2 frml. to encircle, surround: The wall ~es the entire college campus. |
encompass
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v. [T] 1 to hold firmly, take hold of:
I ~ed the door handle with both hands and pulled hard. 2 to succeed in understanding s.t. often complex: After reading the text again, I finally ~ed the main points of the story. n. 1 a firm hold on s.t.: I got a ~ on the stuck faucet and forced it open. 2 understanding, comprehension: She has a good ~ of the facts in the situation.||This problem is beyond her ~. Thesaurus: -v.1 to seize, grab, grip s.t. Ant. to let loose 2 to comprehend, catch on to s.t./get it infrml. Ant. to not nderstand -n.1 a grip, handhold. Ant. a slip 2. knowledge, mastery. Ant. ignorance 1 |
grasp
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adj. 1 with many complex details, (syn.) intricate:
That mystery novel is very ~; I can't explain the plot in five minutes. 2 with s.o. romantically: Are you two ~? I thought you were just friends! 3 participating in: He was ~ in a car accident in which the other driver was drunk. |
involved
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adj. related to personal feeling and opinion, rather than facts:
He must be ~ about the difficult girl; she's his daughter and he loves her. |
subjective
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adj. 1 not influenced by emotions or personal beliefs, fair, (syn.) impartial:
The economist gave an ~ report of the economy's problems. 2 existing outside the mind, real: People, buildings, and streets are part of ~ reality, not imagined. n. a goal, purpose: Our ~ in doing market research is to develop useful new products. |
objective
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adj. necessary, essential:
Warm clothing is ~ in cold weather. |
indispensable
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adj. hard-working, (syns.) persevering, dedicated:
He raised his grades by being a very ~ student. |
diligent
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adj. unacceptable, not meeting standards:
We received an ~ offer for the property, so we didn't sell it. Thesaurus: unsuitable, inappropriate |
unsatisfactory
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v. [I] to belong or be related to s.t.:
These financial records ~ ~ this year's tax returns. |
pertain to
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1 [T] s.o. or s.t.:
to affect the quality or reputation of: Students who do well on exams ~ well ~ thir teachers. 2 [I] s.t.: to think deeply about, (syn.) to ponder: An old man ~ed ~ what he had done in his lifetime. |
reflect on
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v. [I] to do something secretly with another person or group, in order to deceive or cheat others:
The company ~ with competitors to fix prices. |
collude
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v.frml. [T] -gated, -gating, -gates
to move s.t. to a lower position, throw away, (syns.) to dismiss, discard: After his old car broke down five times, he ~d it to the junkyard. |
relegate
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v.frml. [T] -plated, -plating, -plates
1 to think about s.t. seriously: The manager ~d the results of the report for hours. 2 to look forward to, (syn.) to anticipate: She ~s a good future in business after her graduation from college. |
contemplate
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v. [T] -lized, -lizing, -lizes
to use, to bring into use: We ~d an old building to store our business files. |
utilize
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v. [T] -dated, -dating, -dates
to make s.o. fearful or timid by showing power or making threats: An older boy ~d the little children when he took their lunch money. |
intimidate
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adj. strong, difficult to defeat, (syn.) daunting:
The people of that country must overcome ~ obstacles to win their freedom. |
formidable
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adj. extreme, terrible:
He is having ~ difficulty with his health. |
horrendous
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adj. 1 hilly, referring to land that is difficult to travel over:
The Rocky Mountains have ~ mountains and roads. 2 strong, healthy, (syn.) vigorous: Football players must be ~. |
rugged
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adj. hard-working, (syns.) persevering, dedicated:
He raised his grades by being a very ~ student. |
diligent
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n. a charge of crime or wrongdoing, (syn.) an indictment:
The judge read ~s of theft to the criminal. |
accusation
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v. [T] -nized, -nizing, -nizes
1 to recall, remember s.o. or s.t. when one sees or hears that person or thing: I ~d an old friend in a crowd and waved to her. 2 in a formal meeting, to give s.o. a chance to speak: The chairwoman ~d me and I told the committee my opinion. Thesaurus: 1 to notice s.o., spot s.o. infrml., identify s.o. 2 to acknowledge s.o. |
recognize
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n [C] when you are likely to have a medical problem or to behave in a particular way:
People with a ~ to heart disease |
predisposition
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n. 1 [U] an indication of participation or involvement of others, esp. in a crime:
The woman's ~ of her brother sent him to jail. 2 [C] an indirect suggestion: John made ~s that Mr. Lu had faked his wife's signature. |
implication
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n. 1 [C;U] a state of stress, nervousness:
The ~ in a hospital emergency room can be very high. 2 tautness, rigidity: The ~ in steel bridge cables is measured after they are installed. |
tension
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n. 1 [C] a copy, a duplication, esp. a fake copy:
She bought an ~ of a famous painting. 2 [C;U] copying of s.o.'s behavior: My friend does a funny ~ of me. |
imitation
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adj. 1 limited to people with a lot of money and high social position, (syns.) restricted, prestigious:
an ~ club||an ~ neighborhood 2 belonging to one person, company, or contract: Our company has the ~ rights to distribute that product. 3 ~ of: not including or considering n.fig. a sole right: We have an ~ on that product; no one else can sell it. |
exclusive
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adj. obvious, clear:
He's very unhappy, and it is ~ that he wants to leave now. Thesaurus: evident, noticeable. Ant. unclear |
apparent
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n. 1 [C] a solution to a problem, result of an action:
Diplomats tried to find a ~ to the problems between their countries. 2 [U] the quality of believing s.t. strongly and not changing one's mind: Everyone admired his ~ when he quit smoking and never touched another cigarette. |
resolution
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adj. related to storytelling, in the form of a story:
a ~ tale n. a story, a description of events: The police asked her for a ~ of her activities the day of the murder. |
narrative
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n. [C;U] -ties faithfulness, devotion, (syn.) allegiance:
The ~ of dogs to their owners is well-known. Thesaurus: trustworthiness, reliability, fidelity frml. |
loyalty
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n. 1 [U] great admiration:
The child looked up at his father with ~. 2 [U] respect for s.t. as sacred, holy, worthy to be worshiped: Religious people have ~ for their church. |
reverence
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n. [U] 1 dedication, loyalty:
The soldier won praise for his ~ to duty. 2 loving attention: She is full of ~ to her family. |
devotion
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adj. 1 related to ideas, feelings, etc. (not concrete things):
"Beauty" and "truth" are ~ ideas. 2 unclear, vague: He has ~ ideas about what to do, but no specific thoughts. |
abstract
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adj. having a lot of influence:
an ~ figure in modern jazz |
influential
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adj. 1 based on legend, (syn.) mythical:
~ stories are passed down from parents to children. 2 famous, (syn.) renowned: Great Olympic athletes have become ~. |
legendary
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adj. 1 used to say that you have read or been told something although you are not certain it is true:
~ it's going to rain today. 2 used to say that something seems to be true, although it is not certain: There were two ~ unrelated deaths. |
apparently
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adj. necessarily
There was an accident on the way. ~, the bus was late. |
inevitably
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n.sing. [U] an amount, degree:
Inflation has slowed to a great (small, certain, etc.) ~. |
extent
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n. [U] courage in the face of difficulties:
He showed ~ in his battle against cancer. |
fortitude
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n. [U] 1 the size or importance of s.t.:
The economy is slowing down, but economists don't know the ~ of this change yet. 2 (in science) the degree of brightness of a star or force of an earthquake: The ~ of the earthquake in California was 5.0 on the Richter scale. |
magnitude
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n. 1 [U] the central point (issue, idea, etc.) of a subject, its substance:
The ~ of the matter is that the two people really love each other. 2 [C;U] a pure substance made by crushing or boiling s.t., (syns.) a concentrate, an extract: The liquid from crushed rose petals is the ~ we use. |
essence
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v. [T] 1 to hold firmly, take hold of:
I ~ed the door handle with both hands and pulled hard. 2 to succeed in understanding s.t. often complex: After reading the text again, I finally ~ed the main points of the story. |
grasp
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adj. vaguer, vaguest unclear, (syn.) inexplicit:
He has some ~ ideas about what to do, but nothing specific. |
vague
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n. [C;U] s.t. that prevents flow or movement, (syn.) an obstruction:
That man had a ~ in a blood vessel and almost had a heart attack. |
blockage
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n. 1 a low barrier:
Runners jump over ~s. 2 an obstacle, (syn.) hindrance: In starting a new company, many ~s must be crossed. v. [T] -dled, -dling, -dles to jump over a ~ or other barrier: The runner ~d the fence. |
hurdle
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v. [T] 1 to defeat s.o. by greater power:
Police ~ed the criminal and took him away. 2 to be too strong for one's feelings or senses, make one feel helpless: The smell of the garbage ~ed me. |
overpower
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v. [T] 1 to keep s.t., maintain possession of s.t.:
The wife ~ed most of her dead husband's property, but some went to the children. 2 to pay a professional for services: When his neighbor drove a car into his house, he ~ed a lawyer. |
retain
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v. [T] -dued, -duing, -dues
1 to beat, (syn.) to conquer: The army ~d the enemy. 2 to make calmer or quieter: He ~d the screaming baby with soft music. |
subdue
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adj. extremely important, (syns.) critical, decisive:
It is of ~ importance that we sign that contract for our future success. |
crucial
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adj. 1 related to diplomacy:
a ~ service (mission, channel, corps, etc.) 2 showing skill at handling people sensitively: She gave a ~ response to a hostile question and brought calm to the situation. |
diplomatic
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v. [T] -peded, -peding, -pedes
to get in the way of, slow down: A large ship in the port ~d the movement of many smaller boats. |
impede
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v. [T] to slow the progress of s.t., (syn.) to impede:
Lack of modern equipment ~s efficient manufacturing. |
hinder
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v. -ated, -ating, -ates
1 [I;T] to describe or show differences: The speaker ~d between a partnership and a corporation as types of business ownership. 2 [I;T] to see, or (syn.) to discern, differences: These two plans seem the same; I can't ~ between them. 3 [T] to make (develop, manufacture, etc.) differences: We have ~d our product from the competition by its higher quality. |
differentiate
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v. -es
1 [I;T] to see or understand differences, (syn.) to discriminate: That child cannot ~ between right and wrong! 2 [T] to show as different, set apart: What ~es our company from our competitors is our excellent record of customer satisfaction. 3 [T] to distinguish oneself: to gain notice, honor, or respect: He ~ed himself as a leading writer of books. |
distinguish
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v. [T] -ied, -ying, -ies
to express, symbolize: The Statue of Liberty ~ies the hope of a better life for all. |
embody
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v. [T] 1 to include:
My history course ~es the 19th and 20th centuries. 2 frml. to encircle, surround: The wall ~es the entire college campus. |
encompass
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v. [T] -rated, -rating, -rates
1 to put in public office with a ceremony: The governor was ~d two months after her election. 2 to open, begin with a ceremony: A jazz band ~d the festivities with a lively song. |
inaugurate
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v. -densed, -densing, -denses
1 [T] to shorten: The writer ~d his letter from six pages to two pages. 2 [T] to make thicker, esp. by removing water 3 [I;T] to form liquid from a gas: Moisture ~d (out of the air) on the window. |
condense
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v.frml. [T] -ated, -ating, -ates
to make less difficult (painful, etc.), (syn.) to relieve: The medicine ~d the pain. |
alleviate
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v. [T] 1 to show that s.t. is of little or no truth or value:
Scientists have ~ed many popular beliefs, like the belief the world was flat. 2 to cause a loss of trust or belief (in s.o.): After the scandal, the Minister was <adj.> ~ed and he then resigned from the government. |
discredit
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n. [U] continuous effort and dedication, esp. to one's work, (syn.) perseverance:
She works with ~ because she loves her work. |
diligence
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v. [T] -aged, -aging, -ages
to speak of (s.o. or s.t.) as having little value or importance, (syn.) to belittle: He called his opponent a fool and ~d his abilities. |
disparage
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adj. different from others, special:
Spices give that dish its ~ flavor. |
distinctive
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adj. to the detriment of sth:
a ~ effect |
detrimental
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adj.frml. outstanding, most famous:
She is the ~ soprano in the opera today. |
preeminent
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n. a sign or symbol for decoration or for a purpose:
Her shirt has the company ~ on it. -adj. ~atic. |
emblem
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v. [T] -mersed, -mersing, -merses 1 to put s.t. in water until it's covered:
The cook ~d the potatoes in boiling water. 2 to become absorbed in, (syn.) to delve into: Students ~ themselves in their studies. |
immerse
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to do violence (destruction, punishment, etc.):
The hurricane ~ed ~ on the coastal area. |
weak havoc
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v. [T] to criticize or attack s.o. again and again, (syn.) to badger:
She ~ed me for days about the mistake I made. |
harass
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v. [T] -lated, -lating, -lates
1 to handle, change the position of s.t.: A worker ~s the levers of the bulldozer.||A musician ~d the strings of a guitar. 2 to influence s.o. or s.t. secretly, esp. for one's own advantage: He ~d the price of a stock so he could buy it cheaply. |
manipulate
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v.frml. -posed, -posing, -poses
1 [T] to make more likely to suffer from, (syn.) to make vulnerable: Her family history may ~ her to heart disease. 2 [I;T] to incline s.o. in advance to do s.t. or to have a particular attitude: She is ~d to taking a vacation in Mexico, not Canada. |
predispose
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adj. allowing too much freedom, esp. in matters of pleasure that could lead to harm, (syn.) indulgent:
~ parents||a ~ society |
permissive
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v. 1 [I;T] to tell s.o. what he or she says isn't true, (syn.) to dispute:
They ~ each other all the time:when he says, "It's white," she says, "It's black." 2 [T] to be different, (syn.) to disagree: The police report about the crime ~s what a witness says about it. -adj. ~ory |
contradict
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adj. 1 related to drama:
He has written ~ works for the stage. 2 related to a high emotional point: a ~ scene in a play 3 making a big impression, (syn.) striking: She wore an amazing dress for a ~ entrance into the theater. |
dramatic
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adj. 1 not sure, uncertain:
I am ~; I think it might rain today. 2 ~ of oneself: insecure, lacking confidence in oneself: When I play golf, I am ~ of myself, because I can't hit the ball very well. |
unsure
|
|
adj. accepting of different beliefs and behavior:
The boy's parents are ~ of his naughty behavior. |
tolerant
|
|
adj. related to literature and writing:
~ magazines have few readers compared to news magazines. |
literary
|
|
n. [U] 1 terrible and complete ruin:
A hurricane causes great ~ to buildings and trees. 2 the act of pulling or breaking down: The ~ of the old building will take two weeks. Thesaurus: 1 devastation, desolation, havoc 2 demolition|downfall(of people). Ant. construction |
destruction
|
|
v. [T] to start, put into action:
The meat company ~ed a new advertising plan for low-fat beef. n. a tool or piece of equipment: With the right ~s, I can unlock a door without a key. |
implement
|
|
v. [T] -sured, -suring, -sures
to make sure: He ~d that all the doors were locked before he left his apartment.||Your passport ~s your entry into your home country. Thesaurus: to make certain, assure oneself|guarantee s.t. is s.o. Ant. to leave s.t. in doubt |
ensure
|
|
v. [T] -bled, -bling, -bles
to make possible for, (syn.) to empower: Their earnings ~d them to retire early. |
enable
|
|
n. a characteristic, quality of a person or thing:
He is a handsome man with many other good ~s. v. [T] -uted, -uting to credit, be the reason for: I ~ his success to his talent and hard work. |
attribute
|
|
n. [C;U] sin or crime, including illegal drugs and prostitution:
There is a lot of ~ in big cities. |
vice
|
|
n. 1 a body movement to show s.t. (a feeling, an idea, etc.):
She made a ~ to the right with her hand to show the direction of the park. 2 s.t. you do or say to show your feelings: We gave some money to the hospital as a ~ of support. v. [I] -tured, -turing, -tures to make a movement with your hand or head to show s.t.: He ~d to me to sit down. |
gesture
|
|
n. the effect, result, (syn.) the consequence:
The ~ of the election will be known today. |
outcome
|
|
n.sing. the beginning of s.t., such as an illness:
The ~ of the disease began in October. |
onset
|
|
n. 1 a marker, such as a stone that indicates the distance in miles:
Many years ago, the main road between Boston and New York had ~s next to it. 2 fig. an important achievement, event: Getting her college degree was a ~ in her life. |
milestone
|
|
adj. 1 continuing steadily in a belief, activity, or purpose, (syn.) tenacious:
He made a ~ effort to finish the big project. 2 continuing to exist for a long time: a ~ problem||a ~ noise |
persistent
|
|
v. [T] to try to do s.t., strive for:
He ~ed to pass the examination and succeeded. n. an effort, endeavor: She made an ~ to telephone, but no one was home. Thesaurus: -v. to try, undertake, endeavor frml. -n. a try, an undertaking |
attempt
|
|
v. [T] -lated, -lating, -lates
1 to handle, change the position of s.t.: A worker ~s the levers of the bulldozer.||A musician manipulated the strings of a guitar. 2 to influence s.o. or s.t. secretly, esp. for one's own advantage: He ~d the price of a stock so he could buy it cheaply. |
manipulate
|
|
v. [T] -tated, -tating, -tates
1 to help s.o. or s.t. become better: A hospital worker ~d a man who had a broken leg so he could walk again. 2 to fix up, put in good condition again, (syn.) to restore: The city ~d old empty buildings to make new housing. |
rehabilitate
|
|
v. [T] -ated, -ating, -ates (in law)
to put in jail, (syn.) to imprison: They ~d the woman, but many people believed that she was innocent. |
incarcerate
|
|
n. [C;U] 1 a falling into ruin, (syn.) a caving in:
Heavy rainfall caused the ~ of the roof. 2 a loss of strength: She worked so hard that she suffered a ~. v. [I] -lapsed, -lapsing, -lapses 1 to fall into ruin: The stock market ~d, and many people lost a lot of money. 2 to lose strength and fall down: The runner ~d at the finish line. 3 to fold up s.t. so it needs less space: to ~ an umbrella. Thesaurus: -v.1 to fall, cave in 2 to drop, fall, break down. Ant. to strengthen |
collapse
|
|
n.
|
improvisation
|
|
n. when someone intervenes, especially to prevent something from happening:
Without medical ~, the child would have died. |
intervention
|
|
n.
~ of air space |
encroachment
|
|
n. beginning, start:
The day-care center has been a success since its ~. |
inception
|
|
n. a very unkind remark about s.o.:
It was an ~ to tell your brother that he's stupid. v. [T] to do or say bad, unkind things to s.o.: You ~ed me by saying I have ugly clothes. Tjesaurus: -n. a slur,slight, slap in the face fig.|rudeness, slander. Ant. a compliment -v. to be rude to, hurt s.o.'s feelings, offend s.o. Ant. to be kind to s.o. |
insult
|
|
v. [T] -ized, -izing, -izes
to make widely known, accepted among many people: The USA ~d the wearing of jeans around the world. |
popularize
|
|
n. the sharp point of a pin
v. [T]1 to locate exactly: She ~ed her street on the map. 2 to determine the exact nature or cause of: Let's see if we can ~ the problem here. |
pinpoint
|
|
v. [T] to reveal or uncover often in a formal way:
The mayor pulled back the curtain and ~ed a statue of the local hero. |
unveil
|
|
adj. 1 helpful, causing s.t. to happen:
Her good grades were ~ in getting her a scholarship to Harvard. 2 of or for musical instruments, not voices: Mozart wrote ~ music as well as operas. |
instrumental
|
|
n [C;U] a new idea or method that is being tried for the first time, or the use of such ideas or methods:
the latest ~s in education |
innovative
|
|
adj. 1 able to float:
Fallen trees are ~ in water. 2 fig. cheerful, happy: She has a ~ personality. |
buoyant
|
|
adj. the study of ancient cultures by looking for and examining their buildings, tools, and other objects:
He is on an ~ dig in egypt. |
archaeological
|
|
n. [U] 1 written works, such as novels, poems, and plays, and commentary about them:
She is a professor of French ~. 2 written information about a specific field: The current ~ on medicine is highly technical. |
literature
|
|
n. 1 an explanation:
His book gives a ~ of how a house is built. 2 a report: You can hear a ~ of the ball game on the radio. Thesaurus: 1. an account, depiction frml.|sketch 2. a narrative |
description
|
|
adj. related to industry (esp. manufacturing):
~ production is up this year, but agriculture is weak. |
industrial
|
|
n. a person who makes pottery:
The ~ shaped the clay into a bowl. |
potter
|
|
adj. of or relating to a time before history was recorded through pictures or writing:
Dinosaurs lived in ~ times. |
prehistoric
|
|
n. a craftsman, one skilled in a trade, such as bricklaying, painting houses, etc.:
The man is an ~ in a woodworking shop. |
artisan
|
|
adv. separately and not as a group:
He apologized to each person ~. |
individually
|
|
v. [I;T] -strated, -strating, -strates
1 to show (how s.t. works, its advantages, etc.): I'll ~ for you how our new computer works. 2 to march in protest: Students ~d in the streets outside the Capitol. Thesaurus: 1. to describe, illustrate|prove 2. to protest publicly |
demonstrate
|
|
adj. worthy of attention, noticeable, (syns.) extraordinary, outstanding:
The sick man was near death but made ~ improvement and got well. |
remarkable
|
|
[T] 1 to make beautiful, to decorate:
She ~ed the dinner table with flowers. 2 fig. to enliven, (syn.) to ornament: Many interesting people ~ed the party. |
adorn
|
|
n. 1 a tube that carries fluid:
the blood ~s 2 a container, such as a cup: a ~ used in religious services 3 a ship: Cargo ~s sail the Atlantic. |
vessel
|
|
n.adj. 1 a type of fine-grained ma-terial from the ground that can be shaped when wet, and will hold the shape when dried or baked:
She likes to make dishes out of <n.> ~. 2 to have feet of ~: to have bad characteristics while seeming to be perfect: That politician seemed so fine, yet his personal life was a mess; he has feet of ~. |
clay
|
|
adv. without exception or change:
~, her advice is excellent; we always do what she says. |
invariably
|
|
n. [U] the greatest, without holding back:
She tries her ~ to do a good job. |
utmost
|
|
v. traded, trading, trades
1 [I;T] to exchange: I ~d a computer for a bicycle. 2 [I;T] to transact: Brokers ~ on stock (commodity, currency, etc.) exchanges. 3 [I;T] to engage in business: She ~s in farm equipment. |
trade
|
|
adj. much, a lot:
That family owns a ~ amount of land. |
considerable
|
|
n. [C;U] 1 amount of space between two points:
What is the ~ between the earth and the moon (or) the ~ from the earth to the moon?||The ~ between Boston and New York is 250 miles (400 km.). 2 sing. an unfriendly relation, (syn.) an aloofness: There is a ~ now between those two friends. v. [T] -tanced, -tancing, -tances to put or keep at a distance: After he became rich, he ~d himself from old friends. |
distance
|
|
n. -cies 1 [C;U] the degree of thickness, softness, etc., of s.t.:
The ~ of a steak is firm and thick. 2 [U] the condition of doing things in the same way: The ~ of the teacher's making the students work hard helps them learn a lot. |
consistency
|
|
adj. extremely important, (syns.) critical, decisive:
It is of ~ importance that we sign that contract for our future success. |
crucial
|
|
adj. careful and thorough, painstaking:
She is ~ in spelling every word correctly in her papers. |
meticulous
|
|
n. [C;U] 1 the visual pattern and degree of smoothness or roughness of touch produced by a material, such as the placement of fibers in fabric:
Wool flannel has a smooth, soft ~. 2 fig. the pattern and feel (of a painting, daily life, etc.): The ~ of life in Buenos Aires is one of charm and sophistication. |
texture
|
|
v. [T] to press with the fingers and hands:
A baker ~s flour and milk together to make bread dough. |
knead
|
|
v. [T] -moved, -moving, -moves
1 to move or take s.t. away: You should ~ all furniture from the room before you clean the carpet. 2 to get rid of s.t. as in cleaning: We ~d the dirt from the floor with soap and water. 3 to make s.o. leave a job or office: She was ~d from her job at the post office because she was stealing stamps. |
remove
|
|
n. a small ball of gas, esp. air, found in or on top of a liquid:
~s in soft drinks don't last long. |
bubble
|
|
v. [T] 1 to form into a shape:
She ~ed the clay into a pot with her hands. 2 to develop one's character: Her personality was ~ed by her strict parents. |
mold
|
|
v.[I;T] to break without coming apart:
A small stone hit the window and ~ed it. Thesaurus: to split |
crack
|
|
n. 1 [C;U] one's emotional nature, often of anger:
He has a bad ~ and is easily angered. 2 [C] mood or characteristics: the ~ of the times 3 [U] the strength of metal |
temper
|
|
n. 1 [U] anything one can touch:
This face cream is a white, sticky ~.||Tires are made of rubber and other ~s. 2 usu. sing. [C;U] meaning, truth: What she says has ~ because of her knowledge and experience. 3 [U] wealth, possessions: The family owns a successful business; they are people of ~. Thesaurus: 1. material, matter, stuff infrml 2. significance 3. means, resources |
substance
|
|
v. -duced, -ducing, -duces
1 [I;T] to make s.o. or s.t. smaller in size or weight: He ~d his weight by 20 pounds by eating less and exercising. 2 [I;T] to lessen in severity, importance, etc.: She stopped smoking cigarettes and ~d her risk of getting lung cancer. 3 [T] to make s.o. poor and unhappy: The hurricane ~d many people to living without food or housing for days. 4 [T] to put a fraction in an equal and simplest form: You can reduce the fraction4/8 to 1/2. Thesaurus: 1 to decrease, lower, slash. Ant. to increase 2 to cut, diminish. Ant. to increase |
reduce
|
|
n. a lessening of s.t.'s size:
~ in a skirt||shrinkage in employment |
shrinkage
|
|
v. [I;T] to break without coming apart:
A small stone hit the window and ~ed it. Thesaurus: to split |
crack
|
|
adj. long-wearing, sturdy:
The soles on those shoes have lasted a year; they are quite ~. |
durable
|
|
n. 1 the outside of s.t., surface:
The ~ of the house needs painting. 2 appearance, looks: He has a rough ~, but inside, he has a heart of gold. adj. outside: The ~ walls of the building are made of glass and steel. |
exterior
|
|
n. 1 [C] an answer to a problem, a way of solving it:
The police found the ~ to the mystery. 2 [C;U] a mixture of a solid and a liquid, in which the solid dissolves (one can no longer see the solid): a ~ of salt and water Thesaurus: 1 an explanation of s.t., a key to s.t. 2 a blend, mix |
solution
|
|
n. 1 a small piece of s.t.:
a ~ of paper 2 a small person: That ~ of a boy can't lift the heavy box. 3 a piece of women's underclothes that looks like a dress or skirt: a silk ~ under her dress 4 a small mistake: a ~ in arithmetic 5 a mistake in speaking: a ~ of the tongue 6 a movement or fall caused by s.t. slippery: a ~ on a banana peel 7 a space to keep a boat: a ~ for my sailboat in the harbor |
slip
|
|
adv. 1 cheerfully, merrily, sprightly:
The sun is shining ~. 2 cheerfully, actively: smile ~. |
brightly
|
|
n. 1 a tube that carries fluid:
the blood ~s 2 a container, such as a cup: a ~ used in religious services 3 a ship: Cargo ~s sail the Atlantic. |
vessel
|
|
v. glazed, glazing, glazes
1 [T] to cover or fit with glass: We ~d the windows with new glass. 2 [T] to put a thin (usu. shiny) cover over s.t.: I ~d the donut with sugar.||After making the ceramic plate, he ~d it to protect it. n. a thin, shiny cover on s.t. (ceramics, food, etc.) |
glaze
|
|
adj. 1 bright, light, sunny, luminous:
a ~ table 2 lustrous, glossy, polished, sleek: his ~ trousers |
shiny
|
|
adj. 1 outside, exterior:
The ~ surface of the airplane is very smooth and shiny. 2 coming from the outside: Children's experiences in school are affected by many ~ influences. |
external
|
|
n. [C;U] 1 the visual pattern and degree of smoothness or roughness of touch produced by a material, such as the placement of fibers in fabric:
Wool flannel has a smooth, soft ~. 2 fig. the pattern and feel (of a painting, daily life, etc.): The ~ of life in Buenos Aires is one of charm and sophistication. |
texture
|
|
v.frml. [T] 1 to make beautiful, to decorate:
She ~ed the dinner table with flowers. 2 fig. to enliven, (syn.) to ornament: Many interesting people ~ed the party. |
adorn
|
|
adv. in every way or as much as possible:
He ~ denied it. I still didn't ~ trust him. |
completely
|
|
n. 1 a tube that carries fluid:
the blood ~s 2 a container, such as a cup: a ~ used in religious services 3 a ship: Cargo ~s sail the Atlantic. |
vessel
|
|
adv. into equal amounts, or in a regular way:
They decided to divide the prize money ~ between them. |
evenly
|
|
n. a special oven used esp. for baking clay objects (pots, vases, etc.):
She put the pot in the ~ for two hours. |
kiln
|
|
v. -solved, -solving, -solves
1 [I;T] to put s.t., like sugar or powder, into a liquid and make it seem to disappear: The powder ~d in water. 2 [T] to end (an association, group, or contract): to ~ a marriage (a formal meeting, business, etc.) 3 [I] fig. to break down emotionally: She ~d into tears at the news. |
dissolve
|
|
n. [U] the chemical element found in coal, graphite, and diamonds:
The black lead in pencils is made of soft ~. |
carbon
|
|
n. 1 s.t. made by combining two or more parts or elements:
Water is a chemical ~ made from hydrogen and oxygen. 2 an area with a fence around it: The soldiers live inside a military ~. adj. made up of two or more parts: The ~ word "bookstore" is formed from the words "book" and "store." |
compound
|
|
n. 1 a line of separation in a material, a split:
That drinking glass has a ~ in it.|| a wall with ~s 2 a small amount of space: He opened the window a ~. 3 a break in a surface, fissure: After the earthquake, the ground had wide ~s running through it. 4 a sudden, very loud noise: the ~ of a whip 5 a funny and/or critical remark 6 slang a strong, highly addictive form of cocaine: He smokes ~. Thesaurus: 1 a break, fracture 2 a little, a bit 3 a split, fracture 4 a snap, bang, pop 5 a joke, comment |
crack
|
|
adv. at the beginning:
The situation was worse than they ~ thought. |
initially
|
|
n. [U] the ability to function (work, run, swim, etc.) properly over a long period of time, (syn.) stamina:
Olympic athletes have great ~. |
endurance
|
|
adj. 1 capable of being changed and used for s.t. else:
The movie producers think that book is ~ because it's full of adventures; it should make a good movie. 2 capable of handling changes, flexible: The child is very ~; she will be happy in her new house and school. |
adaptable
|
|
adj. 1 belonging to, for the purpose of:
This payment is ~ to my rent. 2 having meaning, significance: His earlier comments were not ~ to our later discussion. |
applicable
|
|
n. 1 an unwanted drip or rush of liquid or gas:
The boat has a ~ and is filling up with water. 2 a letting out of secret information: A ~ from inside the government spread the news of the President's decision. v. 1 [I;T] to let in or out a drip or rush of liquid or gas: The kitchen sink ~s water onto the floor. 2 [T] to reveal information secretly: An official inside the government ~ed a story to journalists. Thesaurus: n.1 a leakage, seepage|hole, crack 2 a disclosure(news, facts)|revelation |
leak
|
|
n. a way of doing s.t.:
That business uses trucks as its ~ of moving goods. Thesaurus: a means(of doing s.t.), manner, technique|process, system, procedure |
method
|
|
v. 1 [I;T] to draw sketches or plans for:
They've ~ed a new airplane. 2 [I;T] to form mental plans for: We must ~ a better advertising campaign. 3 [T] to intend for a certain goal or purpose: a movie ~ed to appeal to teenagers Thesaurus: 1 to create, draw up 2 to conceive, devise, plan 3 to create, fashion |
design
|
|
v. carved, carving, carves
1 [I;T] to cut (meat, vegetables) into pieces: She ~d the turkey at the table. 2 [T] to shape s.t. by cutting it with artistry and exactness, sculpt: She ~s jewelry out of precious stones. 3 [T] to cut designs, letters, etc., into the surface of s.t.: He ~d his name on the tree. Thesaurus: 1 to slice, cut up 2 to fashion 3 to engrave |
carve
|
|
v. [T] 1 to describe fully, with all the fine points:
The letter ~ed the company's requirements for a new product. 2 to choose s.o. to do a job, esp. in the military: They have ~ed a squad of soldiers to guard the prisoner. Thesaurus: 1 to go over, spell out, enumerate 2 to assign |
detail
|
|
v. 1 [I;T] to apply paint:
She ~ed her room pale green. 2 [I;T] to create a picture or work of art: She ~s portraits for a living. |
paint
|
|
n.pl. 1 a type of grain eaten by animals and people:
My mother baked bread made with ~ and raisins. |
oats
|
|
n. [U] a cereal plant or grain usu. ground into flour and used to make bread, cake, pasta, etc.:
~ is a major food source, grown throughout the world for 7,000 years. |
wheat
|
|
adj. 1 unusual, remarkable:
The results of the test were ~. 2 great, terrific, wonderful, amazing: That singer's new recording is a ~ success. |
phenomenal
|
|
n. a sudden rush, increase:
Our company had an ~ in sales this month. |
upsurge
|
|
adj. covering a large area, (syn.) ubiquitous:
The forest fires were ~ through the mountains. |
widespread
|
|
n. [C;U] 1 (in law) taking legal responsibility for parenting:
The process of ~ can be lengthy. |
adoption
|
|
adj. reducing the amount of work necessary to do a job:
Washing machines and computers are ~ devices. |
labor-saving
|
|
n. [U] machines as a group:
~ in that textile mill is used to make fabric. Thesaurus: equipment, apparatus, gear |
machinery
|
|
v. [I;T] to cut down and collect, (syn.) to harvest:
In the fall, farmers ~ their crops. |
reap
|
|
n. 1 a single seed of a plant (wheat, corn, oats, etc.)
2 [U] the grasses from plants which produce such seeds, esp. wheat and corn: Europe imports a lot of ~ from Russia every year. 3 a very small, hard piece of s.t.: Grains of sand form a beach. 4 a small amount of s.t.: There is not a ~ of truth in what he says. 5 the natural flow of a surface: You can feel the ~ of the wood (leather, grass, etc.) by its smoothness. Thesaurus: 3/4 a granule, particle, speck. Ant. a chunk, hunk |
grain
|
|
n. 1 a geographical area of a country:
The northeast ~ of the USA includes New York and the six New England states. 2 part of the atmosphere: Space vehicles enter the upper ~s of the atmosphere as they return from outer space. 3 an area of the body: He has a pain in his abdominal ~. Thesaurus: 1 a part, section 2 a section, zone |
region
|
|
v. [I;T] -es
to beat grain stalks to separate grain: Farmers thresh grain with ~ing machines. |
thresh
|
|
n.sing. the beginning of s.t., such as an illness:
The ~ of the disease began in October. |
onset
|
|
n. -li
s.t. that causes an action or response: The desire for a good education was the ~ ~ my studying hard. |
stimulus for
|
|
n. [U] useful items needed for a purpose (work, sports, etc.):
I have sports ~ that includes golf clubs, tennis rackets, and ice skates. Thesaurus: gear|machines, tools |
equipment
|
|
adv. close to a particular number or time although not exactly that number or time:
The college has ~ 700 students. |
approximately
|
|
n. a stem of a plant:
a bean ~ |
stalk
|
|
adv. more and more:
~ important ~, education is seen as a right, not a privilege. |
increasingly
|
|
n. 1 a big machine on wheels used to harvest crops:
A farmer ran his ~ over the wheat field. 2 a group of people or businesses |
combine
|
|
adj. slow moving, awkward, dull:
Bureaucracies move in a ~ way.||He wrote a long, ~ paper on a subject of no interest. |
ponderous
|
|
adj. happening at the same time:
The final trumpet music was ~ with loud noise from the drums. |
simultaneous
|
|
n. 1 a planting and harvest of grain, vegetables, or fruit:
Farmers had a good ~ of rice this year. 2 fig.a group of things or people: Our school had a good ~ of freshman students this fall. 3 a short haircut 4 a short whip used in riding horses Thesaurus: 1 yield 2 collection, assembly |
crop
|
|
v. [T] 1 to provide paid work to people:
That company ~s 1,000 workers. 2 to use: The company ~s computers to keep track of expenses. Thesaurus: 1 to hire, put s.o. on the payroll|engage the services of s.o. frml. Ants. to fire, dismiss, let go| lay off 2 to make use of, utilize |
employ
|
|
v. [T] to gather crops:
We ~ corn in the early autumn. n. the gathering of crops: This year's ~ was a very good one; we picked hundreds of oranges. Thesaurus: -v to pick, collect, reap -n a crop, yield, output |
harvest
|
|
adj. easy to see or understand, clear:
It is ~ that that woman has had too much to drink. Thesaurus: plain, self-evident, unmistakable |
obvious
|
|
adj. 1 worthwhile, valuable:
They own a ~ piece of property by the sea. 2 attractive, appealing: She is a beautiful and intelligent woman; any man would think she is ~. Thesaurus: 1 worth having|in demand, sought after 2 alluring |
desirable
|
|
v.frml. to take advantage of, use:
While working in Paris, I ~ed ~ ~ the opportunity to visit the museums. |
to avail oneself of
|
|
v. [I;T] -es
to beat grain stalks to separate grain: Farmers ~ grain with threshing machines. |
thresh
|
|
adj. difficult, complex:
He took ~ courses in mathematics. |
advance
|
|
adj. -ier, -iest
1 having a lot of weight: The rock is very ~. 2 fat, overweight: He eats too much and has become ~. 3 infrml. dealing with a serious topic: We had a ~ discussion about our relationship. 4 of a large amount: He's a ~smoker and drinker.||There is always ~ traffic in the morning in my town. |
heavy
|
|
adj. very fast, quick:
His ~ speech is difficult to understand. Thesaurus: swift, speedy. Ant. slow |
rapid
|
|
n. 1 the head of a school:
Ms. Wu is the ~ of our local high school. 2 any person who can make important decisions in a business: The ~s include the owner and his wife. 3 the amount remaining on a debt: The ~ remaining on the mortgage is $20,000 at 7% interest. 4 money invested: He can live on the interest from his savings and never touch the ~. adj. main, most important: The ~ reason they visited was to make an offer to buy your business. Thesaurus: -adj. biggest, primary |
principal
|
|
adj. related to a city:
Many people move to ~ areas to have the excitement of city life. Thesaurus: metropolitan, municipal |
urban
|
|
n. 1 [C] a building of any kind:
A new ~ is being built on the corner. 2 [C] any architectural object of any kind: The Eiffel Tower is a famous Parisian ~. 3 [U] the way parts are put together or organized: the ~ of a song||a business's ~ |
structure
|
|
n. [U] 1 land in its natural state, esp. a large area unspoiled by humans:
~ is protected in many of our national parks. 2 fig. a large, unknown place: We are still exploring the ~ of outer space. |
wilderness
|
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adj. 1 related to colonies (nations governed by other nations):
~ America was controlled mainly by the Spanish, French, and British. 2 in the style, esp. of buildings, common during the time that people lived in colonies in America: They live in a four-bedroom ~ house. |
colonial
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adv. mainly or most of the time:
She reads ~ romantic novels. |
mostly
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n. a low area of land between hills and mountains:
Farmers plant crops in ~s. |
valley
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adv. especially, greatly:
She is ~ interested in modern art. |
particularly
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n. an advantage, an important person, thing, or quality:
She is very talented and is a real ~ to our company. |
asset
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n. [U] useful items needed for a purpose (work, sports, etc.):
I have sports ~ that includes golf clubs, tennis rackets, and ice skates. Thesaurus: gear|machines, tools |
equipment
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n.pl. articles necessary for daily living, such as food, clothes, and everyday things:
The market for ~ ~ is huge, but so is the competition. |
consumer goods
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n.[U] the selling of products relating to films, television programs, and famous people
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merchandising
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n. 1 [U] the creation or founding of s.t.:
The ~ of a new business takes many years. 2 [C] a place of business: He runs a clothing ~ in Boston. |
establishment
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adv. in agreement with what is already known or expected, therefore, (syn.) consequently:
~, now that you have completed your classes, the school will give you a diploma. |
accordingly
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n. a small, new town or area where a group of people has decided to live:
Many large Midwestern cities started as ~s in the 1800s. |
settlement
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before, earlier than s.t. else:
~ ~ becoming a lawyer, she worked as a legal secretary. |
prior to
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n. -ishes
a showy movement: The conductor ended the symphony with a great ~ of her baton. v. -ishes 1 [I] to become rich, grow strong: People have ~ed in America for centuries.||Many plants ~ in warm, humid climates. 2 [T] to wave s.t. in a showy way: The soldier ~ed his sword. |
flourish
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adj. strongly disagreeing with someone or something
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antagonistic
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adj. capable of being used by boats:
A ~ river is deep and wide enough for boats to pass through it. |
navigable
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n. wharves or wharfs
a long platform built over the water, where ships can pull up to load or unload: Boats sailed up to the ~, and the passengers got off. Thesaurus: a pier, dock, quay |
wharf
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n. a large farm, usu. in a warm climate, on which is grown a single major crop, such as tea, coffee, cotton, rubber, etc.:
There were many cotton ~s in the southern USA. |
plantation
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n. a person who lives in a certain area:
The ~s of San Francisco enjoy a view of the Golden Gate Bridge. |
inhabitant
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v. 1 [T] to make a written record of s.t.:
The scanner ~ed the $10 purchase and printed a receipt. 2 [T] to register s.t. officially: After he bought the house, he ~ed his ownership at City Hall. 3 [I;T] to make a sound or video recording of s.t., as on disk or tape: The concert we went to was ~ed for showing on TV. Thesaurus: 1 to tabulate 2 to file, document 3 to tape, videotape |
record
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n. [C;U] an analysis of similarities and differences between things, ideas, people, etc.:
The student made a ~ between what people do at Christmastime in her country and what people do in the USA. |
comparison
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v. [T] to provide written evidence:
The police ~ed their case with accounts of the accident by people who saw it. |
document
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v. [T] to draw interest:
San Francisco ~s millions of tourists each year. Thesaurus: to charm, enchant(people)|appeal, interest(things). Ant. to disgust| repel. |
attract
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v. [T] 1 to provide paid work to people:
That company ~s 1,000 workers. 2 to use: The company ~s computers to keep track of expenses. Thesaurus: 1 to hire, put s.o. on the payroll|engage the services of s.o. frml.Ants. to fire, dismiss, let go| lay off 2 to make use of, utilize |
employ
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v. [T] 1 to teach:
The Spanish professor ~s her students in the language and culture of Mexico. 2 to direct, tell s.o. what to do: My sister ~ed me to take out the garbage. Thesaurus: 1 to educate, tutor|train, coach 2 to order, command, bid s.o. to do s.t. frml/Ant. to ask |
instruct
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v. [T] 1 to show, give a picture or symbol of s.t.:
The Statue of Liberty ~s the freedom immigrants wanted to find in America. 2 to equal to, mean: The damage from the fire ~ed a total loss for the store owner. 3 to act in the place of, act on behalf of: The US Embassy ~s the United States in other countries. 4 to act like or say that you belong to a group: He ~s himself to others as a rich man, but he is not. 5 to be an example of: This plant ~s a rare kind of orchid. Thesaurus: 1 to symbolize, stand for s.t., exemplify 2 to be 3 to speak for 4 to pose as, portray oneself as |
represent
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n. [U] 1 a job paying a salary or wages:
He is out of work and looking for ~. 2 frml. use: The ~ of force will lead to greater violence. Thesaurus: a job, work|occupation, business, profession| trade, field. Ant. unemployment |
employment
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adj. 1 having the right to do or be chosen for s.t., qualified:
He graduated from high school with good grades, so he is ~ to enroll in the state college. 2 not married and with good qualities for marriage: He is unmarried and has a good job, so he is an ~ bachelor. |
eligible
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adj. related to the sea:
~ laws govern international shipping. |
maritime
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adj. singular, one of a kind:
Each person in the world has a ~ personality. |
unique
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adj. 1 with high-class tastes and understanding:
My cousins are very ~, since they have lived in Paris and Rome. 2 intricate, complex: ~ computer equipment Thesaurus: 1 worldly, experienced. Ant. naive 2 advanced |
sophisticated
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v. [T] to achieve, reach:
The salesperson ~ed her sales goal for the month. |
attain
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n. [U] the sport of killing game (animals, birds):
~ is a popular sport in many areas. |
hunting
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adj. plentiful, (syn.) profuse:
Food is in ~ supply in this country. |
abundant
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v. -vided, -viding, -vides
1 [T] to supply, furnish s.t.: Parents ~ their children with food, clothing, and shelter. 2 [I] to care for s.o.: They ~ for their child. 3 [I] to prepare for a present or future need: She ~s for her future by saving money each month. 4 [T] to require, esp. in a contract or by law: That lease ~s that the rent must be paid on the first of the month. |
provide
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n. [C;U] any of the basic metallic elements, usu. hard, shiny substances that can be melted, shaped, and cut to make things:
Steel is a ~ that is used a lot in building and manufacturing. adj. made of ~: Ships are made of ~ plates welded together. |
metal
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n. any of a variety of shellfish, some of which are edible:
~s are found on the sea rocks on the shores of America and Europe. |
mussel
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n. 1 [C;U] the hard, protective outer covering of an animal, seed, or plant:
a turtle's ~||the ~ of a walnut 2 [C] a bullet or other piece of ammunition: ~s from a gun 3 [C] the outer structure of s.t.: Workers removed the interior walls and floors of a building and left the ~ standing. 4 [C] the edible holder for a filling: a pie ~ |
shell
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n. a warm-blooded animal, the female of which feeds its own milk to its young:
~s range from whales at sea to mice and humans on land. |
mammal
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adj. 1 sensible, not acting foolishly:
They wanted to buy a white couch, but with three small children, it just wasn't ~. 2 useful, handy: That dictionary would be a ~ gift for the student. 3 relating to actual practice or real situations rather than to theory: She felt that most of what she learned in the course was of no ~ use. Thesaurus: 1 realistic,pragmatic, down-to-earth. Ants. impractical, silly 2 appropriate, serviceable. Ant. frivolous 3 concrete, applicable. Ant. abstract |
practical
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adj. situated on or relating to the coast:
a ~ town/resort ~ waters |
coastal
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n. [C;U] 1 a giving of money, one's time, etc., donation:
That rich man makes big ~s to charity. 2 positive or helpful participation: She made an important ~ to the company's success. Thesaurus: 1 a gift, payment 2 (to play) a role/part, (to have) a say, (to have) input/ involvement in s.t. |
contribution
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n. [C] 1 a plant which grows, produces seed, and dies within one year
2 a book produced every year containing new information about the same subject adj. 1 happening or produced once a year: an ~ meeting/report 2 measured over a period of one year: ~ rainfall |
annually
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n. a tool or implement, esp. for eating food:
~s for eating include knives, forks, and spoons. |
utensil
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v. [T] 1 to move:
Trucks ~ most of our goods to our customers. 2 to move emotionally: Beautiful music ~s listeners into a pleasant dream world. n. [U] transportation: ~ in some countries is slow and unsafe. |
transport
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n. [C;U] 1 a thick soup, usu. a mixture of meat and vegetables:
beef ~ 2 infrml. a state of worry: She is in a ~ about going to the huge university. v. 1 [I;T] to cook for a long time to soften and thicken food 2 fig. [I] to worry: He ~s over big decisions. |
stew
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n. [U] 1 a type of deer
2 fish eggs: Salmon swim upstream to lay their ~ each year. |
roe
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n. 1 the process of growing old:
His ~ does not permit him to work anymore. 2 the process of growing mature or ripe: Wine growers put wine in a cellar for ~. |
aging
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adj. capable of being understood, (syns.) clear, intelligible:
Her writing is quite ~. |
comprehensible
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adj. 1 producing good results, useful:
We had a ~ meeting that solved some problems. 2 producing profits: Buying that house was a ~ investment for him. |
productive
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adj. done on purpose, (syn.) deliberate:
Meeting for dinner at a vegetarian restaurant was ~; I am a vegetarian. |
intentional
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adj. 1 relating to a specific person, idea, item, etc.:
I like classical music in general, but not that ~ composer. 2 special, unusual: There is nothing of ~ interest on TV tonight. 3 very exact and demanding about what one wants: He is very ~ about the food he eats; everything has to be cooked just right. Thesaurus: 1 exact, precise, specific 2 marked, notable 3 fussy, picky |
particular
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v. [T] achieved, achieving, achieves
to reach, gain (success, happiness, one's goals, etc.): The movie star ~d success and wealth.||He has ~d his goals in life by having a good job and raising a family. Thesaurus: to acquire, attain, accomplish. Ant. to fail |
achieve
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v. [T] -fied, -fying, -fies
1 to change s.t., alter: He was loud and angry, and his friends told him to ~ his behavior. 2 (in grammar) to describe s.t.: An adjective such as "blue" ~ies a noun, such as "dress." |
modify
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v. [T] 1 to ask for very strongly:
They ~ payment today. 2 to require, have a strong need for: This problem ~s immediate attention. Thesaurus: 1 to insist on, order, command 2 to necessitate, call for s.t. |
demand
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v. spread, spreading, spreads
1 [T] to cover a surface by pushing s.t. toward the edges of the surface: to ~ butter on bread 2 [I;T] to cause to go or travel a distance or to many people: to ~ the news||to spread disease 3 [T] to lay out smoothly and flat: to ~ a tablecloth (napkin, towel, map, etc.) 4 [T] to make space between: to ~ your fingers 5 [T] to set a table with dishes, knives, forks, etc. |
spread
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adj. successful in business, flourishing:
That family grew ~ as its business grew. |
prosperous
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adj. 1 basic, primary: Honesty is a fundamental principle in dealing with others. 2 essential, necessary:
Food, shelter, and clothing are ~ needs. Thesaurus: 1 primary, elementary. Ant. secondary 2 indispensable, crucial. Ant. unnecessary |
fundamental
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v. -uted, -uting, -utes
1 [I;T] to give (money, one's time, etc.): She ~s money to her church. 2 [I] to participate positively in s.t.: Everyone on the team ~d to winning the game. Thesaurus: 1 to donate 2 to add, be a factor. Ant. to subtract |
contribute
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adj. different from others, special:
Spices give that dish its ~ flavor. |
distinctive
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n. a trip, esp. a long one
v. [I] to take a long trip: Many Irish immigrants ~ed to America by sea in the 1840s. Thesaurus: -n. a voyage, expedition -v. to travel, voyage, trek |
journey
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adj. of or relating to a time before history was recorded through pictures or writing:
Dinosaurs lived in ~ times. |
prehistoric
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n. a type of extinct hairy elephant:
~s once lived in parts of the USA. adj. huge in size: The national debt is ~. |
mammoth
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n. [U] a black, sticky mass made of decomposed organic matter:
~ is used to cover roads and roofs. v. [T] tarred, tarring, tars 1 to cover with tar: Workers ~red the roof to waterproof it. 2 to ~ and feather: a. to cover with ~ and feathers as punishment: In colonial times, criminals were ~red and feathered and sent out of town. b. fig. to persecute, punish |
tar
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adv. in the past, some time ago, (syn.) previously:
She was ~ president of that organization. |
formerly
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n. [U] a black coal-based substance used for covering roads or roofs:
Our driveway is made of ~. v. [T] to coat with this substance: The new road was ~ed. |
asphalt
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n. [U] a dark, thick, oily liquid usu. found between layers of rock in the earth and used to make fuels for heating, lighting, or engines:
Gasoline is made from ~. |
petroleum
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n. 1 the remains of ancient animal or plant life preserved in rock:
We know about dinosaurs from the ~s that they left behind. 2 fig.pej. an old person with oldfashioned ideas: He's the ~ in the English department that nobody listens to; he hasn't had a new idea since 1963. |
fossil
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adj. having a spine:
~ animals n. an animal with a spine: The ~s include lions and elephants. |
vertebrate
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n.adj. an animal without a backbone:
Ants are <n.pl.> ~s or <adj.> ~ insects. |
invertebrate
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adj. snarled, knotted up:
Traffic is all ~ up at the bridge. |
tangled
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n. 1 [U] laziness, lack of ambition:
The rich young woman won't work; she prefers to live in ~. 2 [C] a slow-moving animal that lives in trees in Central and South America |
sloth
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v. [I;T] -ated, -ating, -ates
1 to remove the earth from an area: The workers ~d the earth to make a foundation for the building. 2 to uncover by digging: Archeologists ~d ancient ruins in Egypt. |
excavate
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v. [T] 1 to hide s.t.:
The thief ~ed a pistol under his coat. 2 to keep s.t. secret, esp. to trick s.o.: The owners of the company ~ed last year's finan-cial losses from the new buyer. |
conceal
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v. [I;T] 1 to rot:
Fallen leaves and trees ~ into the ground over time. 2 to fall into ruin or poor condition: The Roman Empire slowly ~ed and lost its power. Thesaurus: 1 to decompose, break down, disintegrate 2 to collapse, crumble, decline |
decay
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n. an animal that eats only plants:
Cows and horses are ~s. |
herbivore
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n. -tes or -te
a kind of wolf similar to a medium-sized dog found mainly in western North and Central America: ~s often hunt rats and mice at night. |
coyote
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n. 1 [U] a group of animal or plant cells that together makes up an organ that performs a certain function, such as nerve tissue or muscle tissue:
Human liver ~ can grow again if it is injured. 2 [C] paper products, such as toilet tissue or paper handkerchiefs: After I sneezed, I wiped my nose with a ~. |
tissue
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v. [T] -nated, -nating, -nates
to fertilize, make pregnant: The male cat ~d the female, and she had five kittens. |
impregnate
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adj. past tense & past part. of feed
1 provided with food: You can see from his big stomach that he is well ~. 2 ~ up: annoyed or angry about a bad situation that has existed for a long time, (syns.) frustrated, disgusted: I am completely ~ up with all of the false promises and delays. |
fed
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n. a freshwater game fish related to but smaller than the salmon:
~ have a nutty, sweet taste when cooked properly. |
trout
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v. [T] -ated, -ating, -ates
1 to allow, put up with s.t.: She cannot ~ anyone who does not act as she does. 2 to endure, suffer: I cannot ~ hot, spicy foods. 3 to accept, receive: Most people in that country will ~ people from other nations as neighbors. |
tolerate
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n.pl. simple tiny plants that live in water:
The green covering on top of the water in that pond is ~. |
algae
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adj. located in a higher area or region:
His ~ body hurts in the neck and chest. n. the ~ part of s.t.: The ~ of his shoe (part above the sole) has come loose from the sole. |
upper
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