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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The process by which we organize and interpret sensory information in order to recognize meaningful objects and
events is called |
perception
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The effect of prior experience and current expectations on perception best illustrates the importance of
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Top-down processing
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Psychophysics is best defined as the study of relationships between
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absolute thresholds and difference thresholds
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The absolute threshold is the minimum amount of stimulation that a person needs to detect a stimulus
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50% of the time
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Which of the following strategies best illustrates the use of subliminal stimulation?
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A trim female figure is imperceptibly flashed on the TV screen during an ad for a weight-reduction clinic.
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Subliminal priming effects best illustrate
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that information can be processed outside of conscious awareness.
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Those who believe in the value of subliminal audiotapes would be wrong to claim that
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unconsciously processed information is unusually persuasive.
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If the just-noticeable difference for a 10ounce weight is 1 ounce, the just noticeable difference for an 80-ounce weight
would be ________ ounce(s). |
8
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If we could stop our eyes from quivering as we stared at a stationary object, the object would probably
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vanish from sight.
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The area of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye is called the
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blind spot
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The nerve cells that respond to specific aspects of a visual stimulus, such as its shape or its movement, are
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feature detectors
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Certain stroke victims report seeing nothing when shown a series of sticks, yet they are able to correctly report whether
the sticks are vertical or horizontal. This best illustrates |
blindsight
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When most people stare at a red square and then shift their eyes to a white surface, the afterimage of the square is
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green
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. The auditory cortex is most responsive to visual input among those who
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have been deaf from birth
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With her eyes closed, Sierra can accurately touch her mouth, nose, and chin with her index finger. Sierra's accuracy
illustrates the importance of |
kinesthesis.
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. Phantom limb sensations best illustrate that pain can be experienced in the absence of
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sensory input.
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Experimenters bent a finger slightly backward on the unseen hands of 16 volunteers, while simultaneously severely
bending a finger on a visible fake rubber hand. This experiment illustrated the impact of ________ on the volunteers' experience of pain |
phantom limb sensations
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People with persistent arm pain experienced a reduction in pain after receiving acupuncture with trick needles that
retracted without puncturing the skin. The fake acupuncture treatment could best be described as a |
placebo
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Research indicates that we have a receptor for a seeming fifth taste sensation, the meaty taste of
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umami
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Gestalt psychologists emphasized that
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we organize sensory information into meaningful forms.
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The Gestalt principles of proximity and similarity refer to ways in which we
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organize stimuli into coherent groups.
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Infants are especially likely to avoid crawling over the edge of a visual cliff if they
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have a lot of previous crawling experience.
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A 3D movie enhances our sense of depth perception by simulating the effects of
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retinal disparity.
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The convergence of parallel lines provides the distance cue known as
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linear perspective.
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If two identical objects are equally distant from a viewer, the brighter object appears to be
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closer.
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The perception that Bugs Bunny is hopping across a movie screen best illustrates
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stroboscopic movement
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Perceiving objects as having consistent shape, size, and color regardless of the angle, distance, and lighting conditions
from which we view them is known as |
perceptual set.
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The Moon just above the horizon typically appears to be unusually
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large because we perceive it as unusually close to ourselves
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The Ames illusion involving two girls who are perceived as very different in size can best be explained in terms of
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the misperception of distance.
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In one experiment, preschool children judged french fries as tasting better when served in a McDonald's bag rather than
a plain white bag. This best illustrates the impact of |
perceptual set
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Schemas are best described as
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concepts that organize sensory input.
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An integrated understanding of perception in terms of our sensory capacities, cultural contexts, and Gestalt principles is
most clearly provided by |
a biopsychosocial approach
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Psychologists who help design machines so that they make use of our natural perceptions are called
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human factors psychologists
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The study of phenomena such as clairvoyance and telepathy is called
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parapsychology.
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Shauna claims that she knows at any given moment exactly what important political figures are thinking. Shauna is
claiming to possess the power of |
telepathy.
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Scientific analyses of the predictive powers of dreams offer support for the existence of
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precognition
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Thousands of controlled experiments indicate that
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there is no reliable evidence that anyone possesses ESP
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